Muscatel
the name given to many sweet, strong French and Italian wines, whether white or red. Among the fi are the white Rivesaltes an from Roussillon, and the Lunel from the Pyrenees, the Lacrymæ Christi of Naples, etc. Fine varieties are yielded by Syracuse, Sardinia, the Cape, Canary Islands, Corfu, Crete, and Cyprus.
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Muscatine
a city and county-seat of Muscatine co., Ia.; on the Mississippi river, and on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul and the Muscatine North and South railroads; 211 miles W. of Chicago. Here are a County Hospital, County Insane Asylum, public library, other public and semi-public institutions, National and State banks, waterworks, electric street railroad, electric lights, and several daily and weekly periodicals. It has large lumbering interests, pork-packing houses, flour mills, fruit and vegetable canneries, rolling mills, foundries, large sawmills, plumbers' supply factory, etc. Pop. (1910) 16,178; (1920) 16,068.
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Muscle Shoals
Tennessee River, Alabama, site of the so-called Wilson Dam and of Federal nitrate plants erected during the World War for the purpose of manufacturing atmospheric nitrogen products on a huge scale. At the end of the war the project was still only partially completed, the Wilson Dam being about one-third built. It was then proposed that the Government sell the works and Henry Ford made an offer to develop them in the manufacture of fertilizers. His proposal received the approval of the House of Representatives Military Committee in June, 1922, but was rejected by the Senate Agricultural Committee, which recommended operation of the plants by a government-owned company. The Ford proposal has received wide notoriety, including plans not only for material reduction of fertilizer costs, but for a general development of the Tennessee Valley Valley in the Muscle Shoals neighborhood, based upon vast water-power development through the completion of the Wilson and other dams. An appropriation of $7,500,000 for further work on the Wilson Dam was made by Congress in 1922.
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Muse
in mythology, one of nine nymphs or inferior divinities, distinguished as the peculiar protectresses of poetry, painting, rhetoric, music, and gen erally of the belles-lettres and liberal arts. They were the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne (Memory). Originally there appear to have been only three of these divinities, and their names, Mneme, Melete, and Aæde, or Memory, Reflection, and Song, sufficiently show the nature of the faculties over which they were supposed to preside.
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Muses, The
The, in Greek mythology, goddesses of the arts and sciences. They were the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Among early Greek writers, the number of Muses and their respective offices are given variously, but among later writers nine Muses were recognized. They were Calli'ope, Muse of epic poetry; Cli'o, of history; Euter'pe, of lyric poetry; Melpom'ene, of tragedy; Terpsich'ore, of dance and song; E'rato, of love poetry; Polyhym'nia, of sacred song; Ura'nia, of astronomy, and Thali'a, of comedy. The Muses were reputed to have entered into contests with the Sirens, with the daughters of Pierus, and with the bard Thamyris, in all of which they won victories. The nightingale, the swan, and the grasshopper were sacred to them. The Muses are represented in art as beautiful maidens, dancing in a circle, often with Apollo. They are crowned with roses, palm leaves, and laurel. In Rome a temple and grove were consecrated to the Muses.
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Musk Duck
a duck wild in Guiana, etc., where the males fight savagely with each other. It is often reared in poultry yards. Corrupted into Muscovy duck; called also Barbary duck. Also (Biziura lobata), an Australian duck.
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Muskdeer
a ruminant Ungulate forming a special family of the Artiodactyla. The musk. deer is an inhabitant of the mountainous regions of central Asia from the extreme N. to as far S. as Cochin-China and Nepal. There is only one species, with perhaps four well-marked varieties.
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Muskegon
a city and county-seat of Muskegon co., Mich.; on Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Muskegon river, Rapids, and Indiana, the Grand Trunk and interurban railroads. Its harbor is one of the best on the lake, and steamboats daily ply between it and Chicago, Milwaukee, and other lake ports. Here are the Hackley Manual Training School, MUSKDEER Hackley Public Library, hospitals, several National banks, electric lights, street railroads, county court house, and several daily and weekly newspapers. It has large lumbering interests, tanneries, woolen mills, marble and granite works, furniture factories, a piano factory, engine and boiler shops, iron and steel works, large celery farms, etc. Pop. (1910) 24,062; (1920) 36,570.
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Muskegon Heights
a town in Muskegon co., Mich. It is on the Grand Rapids and Indiana railway, also on the Grand Rapids and Muskegon railway, the Grand Trunk and the Père Marquette. Pop. (1910) 1,690; (1920) 9,514.
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Musket
a smooth-bore hand-gun, with which soldiers were formerly armed. The musket dates from the earliest part of the sixteenth century, having been contrived soon after the introduction of gunpowder. Companies of infantry were at that time divided into pikemen and musketeers. The first musket was a heavy affair. The soldier laid it at rest in a crotched stick and fired it off by means of a burning brand or punk. At a later date the musket was supplied with a steel hammer worked by a spring and a piece of flint held in a clip in such a position that the descending hammer struck off sparks into a pan of exposed powder or priming. The percussion cap with an inner lining of fulminate is a still later invention. By degrees the musket was made lighter, so that it could be carried with some sort of comfort by a single soldier; although pictures of Miles Standish represent him as still requiring a rest for his matchlock. Smooth-bore muskets were obtained by our Revolutionary soldiers from France. In 1895 the government established the manufacture of muskets at Springfield, Massachusetts. The old smooth bore was used in many regiments until the close of the Civil War. This weapon has now been universally displaced by the rifle. See Firearms ; Rifle And is it I That drive thee from the sportive court, where thou Wast shot at with fair eyes, to be the mark Of smoky muskets? --Shakespeare, All's Well, etc.
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