Newmarket
a market-town, lying on the border of Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, England, 14 miles E. N. E. of Cambridge. It chiefly consists of one long street, and contains an unusual number of hotels and fine private houses, belonging to the great patrons of the turf. Among the principal edifices are the Jockey Club. The town owes its prosperity to its horseraces, as old at least as 1605. The race ground on Newmarket Heath, to the W., is one of the very finest in the world. There are eight annual meetings, the principal events being the Thousand Guineas at Easter and the Cesarewitch in October. Newmarket is known as the racing capital of England. Pop. about 11,000.
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Newnan
a city of Georgia, the county-seat of Coweta co. It is about 40 miles southwest of Atlanta on the Atlanta and West Point and the Central of Georgia railroads. It is an important center for fruit growing and farming. It has a large cotton trade. Its industries include canning and cigar factories. There is a library and a handsome court house. Pop. (1910) 5,548; (1920) 7,037.
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Newnes
GEORGE, SIR, English editor and publisher; born in Derbyshire in 1851. Published penny a weekly, "Tit-Bits," in 1881 that made him widely known and brought him a fortune. In 1891, with W. T. Stead, he began the publication of the "Review of Reviews," and the next year "The he owned Strand." At different times and controlled "The Wide World," "Woman's Life," "The Captain," "Fry's Magazine," "Country Life," "The Garden," "Ladies Field," and "Scholars Own." When W. W. Astor made a Tory organ of London's only Liberal evening paper, the "Pall Mall Gazette," Newnes bought the "Westminster Gazette" and employed the old staff of the "Pall Mall" to run it as a Liberal organ. A Liberal M. P. 1880-1895, and 1900-1910; created a Baronet 1895. Died 1910.
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Newport News
a city, port of entry, and county-seat of Warwick co., Va.; on the James river, Hampton Roads, and the Chesapeake and Ohio . Newrailroad; 14 miles N. of Norfolk most import News was one of the portant parts of the United States during the World War. Over 275,000 for American troops embarked there overseas, together with a vast quantity of supplies. It was also a great shipbuilding center, and in 1918-1919 many naval and merchant vessels were constructed in its yards. The bank de- 15,000,000. posits in 1919 were over $ The city has several important educational institutions, an excellent dock for system, grain elevator, fire system schools, and is one of the most progres- It has Nasive cities in the country. tional and State banks, electric railweekly periodroa oads, several daily and icals, knitting mills, iron works, an_extensive foreign export trade. Pop. (1910) 20,205; (1920) 35,596.
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Newry
a port and parliamentary borough of Ireland on the Newry river; S. S. W. of Belfast. A canal connects it with Carlingford Lough and with Lough Neagh. The port does a large trade with Glasgow and Liverpool in cattle and other agricultural produce. Flax spinning and weaving, with rope and sail making, tanning, and granitepolishing, are the industries. The place dates from the 12th century; its castle was taken by Edward Bruce in 1318. Pop. about 12,000.
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Newton Abbot
a market-town of Devonshire, England; 15 miles S. of Exeter. Its principal industry is pottery, there being abundant clay deposits. Ford House, a good Tudor building, has lodged both Charles I. and William of Orange, who here in 1688 was first proclaimed king. Pop. about 15,000. NEWTON THEOLOGICAL INSTI- TUTION, a college for instruction in theology founded by the Bantin Churches in 1825 at Newton Center, Mass. While the instruction is under Baptist auspices, students from any denomination may be admitted. The course is three years and leads to the degree of Bachelor of Divinity. The grounds and buildings are valued at $700,000, while the college has an endowment of $800,000. The enrolment of students numbered 70 in 1915 with 8 instructors.
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Nez Perces
na per-saz', pierced noses, a tribe of Indians originally located in Idaho and eastern Oregon. The tribe welcomed and aided Lewis and Clark in their famous expedition in 1804. They requested the whites to send them the white man's book. It is recorded that for seventy years not a white man lost his life at the hands of a Nez Perce warrior; but, when the whites began to settle up their country, ruin their hunting grounds, and take possession of their fairest lands, the Nez Perces went on the war path under their famous chief Joseph. He and his few hundred followers caused General Miles one of the hardest campaigns he ever undertook; but, of course, the result was inevitable. After a short residence in Indian Territory the old chief and his band were placed upon a reservation near Spokane. Chief Joseph died in 1904, much regretted by the white man as well as red. General Miles called him the "Napoleon of Indians." See Indian
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Nganga
Members of the Ndembo Secret Society of the Lower Congo. Nganga-literally "the knowing ones"is a term applied to those who have passed certain curious rites to distinguish them from the Vanga or uninitiated.
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Niagara Falls
a city in Niagara ., N. Y.; on the co Niagara river, and on the Michigan Central, the Erie, the Lehigh Valley, the Grand Trunk, the New York Central and Hudson River and other railroads; 20 miles N. of Buffalo. Here are De Veaux College (P. E.), Niagara University (R. C.), a business college, several hospitals, excellent schools, Carnegie library, electric lights, lights, ele electric street railroads, several National and State banks, and a number of daily and weekly newspapers. It contains flour and paper mills, a bicycle factory, planing mills, carbide and carborundum works, electrochemical and electrometallurgical works and several engineering plants operated by the power of the falls for manufacturing. The city has in recent years increased greatly in industrial importance. The income of its trade is about $50,000,000 per year. The city has a continual flow of visitors who are attracted thither by the Niagara Falls, and Whirlpool Rapids, about two miles below the falls. Niagara Falls was chartered in 1892 from the former villages of Niagara Falls and Suspension Bridge. Pop. (1910) 30,445; (1920) 50,760.
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