Normandy
an ancient province of France, bordering on the English Channel, now divided into the departments of Seine-Inférieure, Eure, Orne, Calvados, and Manche; anciently comprised a portion of the kingdom of Neustria, and was ceded to Rollo, Rolf, or Raoul, by Charles III., in 911. William I., Duke of Normandy, invaded England in 1066, and established a Norman dynasty, thereby uniting Normandy with the latter country. Philip Augustus conquered it in 1204, the French holding holding it till 1417, when it was recovered by the English, who held it till 1450, when it was finally wrested from them by Charles VII.
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Norns
in Scandinavian mythology, the Three Fates who preside at birth and decide human destiny. They correspond to the past, present, and future, and are represented by three young women. They sit under the world tree, Ygdrasill, in Asgard, and there cast the fates of gods as well as of men. Women who possessed the gift of prophecy were also called Norns. See Mythology ; Scandinavian; Asgard
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Norrbotten
largest province in Sweden, bordering on Russia and Gulf of Bothnia. Includes part of Lapland, and has many lakes and rivers, with dense forests. Little agricultural produce, but considerable minerals. Area 40,870 square miles. Pop. about 150,000. was published in 1909. born in Ohio Versailles which closed the war. ( 1911); " The Poor and "The Undertow" (1917).
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Norris
GEORGE WILLIAM, First founded in 1384, it has been sev- United States Senator from Nebraska, eral times destroyed by fire. The rapid in 1861. By means of river Motala, which connects Lake working on farms and by teaching he Vetter with the Bravik, affords water graduated from Baldwin University, power for the many manufactories, Ohio, and later from the law school. among which are cloth mills, cotton Admitted to the bar in 1883. In 1885 spinning and weaving, manufactures of he moved to Nebraska and was apsugar, paper, tobacco, etc., and shippointed judge of the 14th Nebraska Disbuilding (gunboats, etc.). Here Charles trict in 1895. He resigned in 1903 to IX. (1604) and Gustavus IV. (1800) become the successful Republican candiwere crowned. Pop. (1917) 58,154. date for Congress. During his ten years
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Norris (FRANK American novelist)
FRANK, American novelist; and the Philadelphia and Reading, the born at Chicago, Ill., March 5, 1870. Stony Creek, and the Pennsylvania rail- Studied art in Paris, 1887-1889; took roads; 16 miles N. W. of Philadelphia. special course at University of Cali- Here are a Friend's Home for the Aged, fornia and Harvard, 1890-1895; war Charity Hospital for the Insane, Macorrespondent for a San Francisco newssonic Temple, street railroad and elecpaper in South Africa at the time of the tric light plants, waterworks, National Jameson raid; editor of "The Wave," banks, and several daily and weekly San Francisco, 1896-1897. His published newspapers. The borough has pipe-covworks are: "Yberville" (1891); "Moran ering and steel-casting works, shirt facof the Lady Letty" (1898); "McTeague" tories, machine shops, glass works, (1899); "The Octopus," first of a trilcarpet mills, iron works, hosiery, cigar ogy, the epic of the wheat (1901); factories, wire, rolling, cotton, and "Blix," and "A Man's Woman" (1900); woolen mills, etc. Pop. (1910) 27,875; "The Pit" (1903); "The Wolf," the last (1920) 32,319. part of the trilogy, was left unfinished NORRKÖPING, a town of Sweden, at the author's death in 1902. A volume ranking next in manufactures after of his short stories, "The Third Circle," Stockholm; at the head of the Bravik river; 113 miles S. W. of Stockholm.
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Norristown
a borough and countyition with North, whom he had for so seat of Montgomery co., Pa.; on the many years inveighed against. North Schuylkill river, river, the Schuylkill canal, and Fox took office under the Duke of Portland in 1783, but the coalition dethe Portstroyed Fox's popularity, and only lasted a few land administration . months. He died Aug. 5, 1792
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Norse
the language of Scandinavia. in the House of Representatives he led Old Norse is represented by the clasthe insurgent wing of the Republican sical Icelandic, and still with wonderful party against Speaker Cannon, and purity by modern Icelandic. The literafinally succeeded in having the House ture includes the early literature of the pass rules greatly limiting the speakpeople of Norway, Sweden, and Iceland. er's powers. In 1913 he was elected to the Senate, and re-elected in 1919. In
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Norte
RIO GRANDE DEL (rē'ō the Senate he was opposed to the grän'da del nor'tā), a river of Mexico, declaration of war against Germany, rising in the Rocky Mountains and and likewise opposed to the Treaty of emptying into the Gulf of Mexico; length about 2,000 miles. Its mouth is 1,200 feet wide, but is barred so as to NORRIS, KATHLEEN, American afford entrance only to boats. story-writer, born at San Francisco in 1880. Took a special course of study at
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North
FREDERICK, 8TH LORD the University of California. Married NORTH AND 2D EARL OF GUILFORD, Charles Gilman Norris in 1909. Since an English statesman; born April 13, 1910 Mrs. Norris contributed stories to 1732. He was educated at Eton and the "Atlantic Monthly," and to the popu- Oxford. When only 22 he entered the lar magazines, including "McClure's," House of Commons; became a Lord of "The American," "Everybody's," "Lathe Treasury in 1759; Chancellor of the dies' Home Journal," "Woman's Home Exchequer and leader of the House of Companion." Her books are: "Mother" Commons in 1767; and prime minister Rich Mrs. Burgoyne " in 1770. He was largely responsible for 1912); " ( Dear Margaret Kirby " the measures that brought about the 1913); "The ( Treasure," and "Satur- loss of the American colonies. In 1778 day's Child" (1914); "Story of Julia he renounced the right of taxing the Page" (1915); "Heart of Rachel" colonies, already seeing that the war (1916); "Martin, "Martin, the Unconquered," was hopeless, and in 1782 he resigned. Fox's dislike of the terms of peace with America led him to enter into a coal-
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North (II)
SIMON NEWTON DEXTER, , born in Clinton, N. Y., in statistician Hamilton Col- 1849, he graduated from and from that year till lege in 1869, 1886 was managing editor of the Utica 1886 to 1888 "Morning Herald." From proprietor of he was editor and joint " and then till 1903 the Albany "Express Associawas secretary of the National Manufacturers and editor tion of Wool the "Quarterly Bulletin." From was director of the to 1909 he United States census. He was chairman of the 1906 Tariff Commission to Germany in and president of the American Statistical Association in 1910, in which year he edited the "American Year Book." "An American His books include: Textile Glossary" and "First Official Maker of the United States." Pistol
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