Novalis
pseudonym of FREDERICK born in Wiederstädt, Prussia, May 2, German writer; 1772. Educated at University of Jena and Leipsic . About the year 1797 he published his "Hymns to Night"; and between that time and the year 1801. produced a number of works displaying a boundless imagination and a love of the mystical and supernatural. In 1800 he published the romance "Henry of Ofterdingen ." A complete collection of his writings was made by his friends Tieck and Frederick Schlegel. He died in Weissenfels , Prussia, March 25, 1801. ince: 60 miles N. of Turin; with sev-
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Novara
capital of an Italian proveral fine churches , a trade in silk, grain, and wine, and manufactures of silk, cotton, and linen. Here the Sardinians were utterly defeated by the Vol. VI-Cyc-FF 1849. Pop. about 60,000.
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Novgorod
a city of Russia; capital of a province; on the Volkhof. It is the cradle of Russian history. In 864, according to tradition, Rurik (a Varangian, apparently a Scandinavian), was invited there by the neighboring tribes, and from him begins the history of the country. As early as the 12th century it had become the market of N. E. Europe, was called Novgorod the Great, and had 400,000 inhabitants. Its government was a sort of republic. The greatness of Novgorod provoked rovoked the 1 jealousy of the princes princes of Moscow, and in 1471 the Czar Ivan III. nearly destroyed the town, bereft it of its liberties, and exiled the most influential citizens; and when Archangel was opened for English trading-vessels, but especially after the foundation of St. Petersburg, its trade fell away, and the town rapidly declined. There is considerable trade in corn, flax, and hemp, but few manufactures. Pop. about 28,000.
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Novi
a town of Italy, 30 miles N. W. of Genoa. Here in 1799 the French were defeated (Aug. 15), and victorious (Nov. 6).
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Novibazar
or NOVIPAZAR, a town of Serbia on the Rashka river. In the town and vicinity are many ruins. Under the Turkish rule the city was a capital of a sanjak of the same name. It was given back to Turkey in 1909 as partial compensation for the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, but during the Balkan War it was occupied in 1912 by Serbia and was finally transferred to that country by the treaties following the conclusion of that war. Pop. about 15,000.
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Novo-Tcherkask
a city of Russia, the capital of the territory of the Don Cossacks. It is situated on the right bank of the Don river. It has many important educational institutions. Prior to the war distilling was the chief industry. There are important anthracite coal mines near the town. Pop. about 67,000.
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Novogeorgievsk
town and fortress in Poland, situated on the junction of the Bug and Vistula rivers, nine miles N. W. of Warsaw, founded by Charles XII. of Sweden. Later it was enlarged by Napoleon. In 1813 it was of much heavy fighting during the World taken over by Russia. It was the scene War, before the fall of Warsaw.
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Novorossisk
a city of Russia, a province of the Caucasus. It is a seaport, and prior to the World War carried on extensive trade in grain and naphtha. Pop. about 60,000.
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Nowanagar
a city of India, the capital of the state of the same name. Its chief industries are pearl fisheries and the manufacturing of cloth, silk, dye goods, and oils. It has a considerable trade. Pop. about 50,000.
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Noyes (ALFRED English poet and writer)
ALFRED, English poet and writer; born in Staffordshire, Staffo Sept. 16, 1880. Educated at Exeter College, Oxford. Began literary work, devoting himself especially to the study and writing of poetry. Contributed verse and critical articles to the leading English and American reviews. In 1907 he married Gertrude, daughter of Col. B. C. Daniels, U. S. A. Delivered course of lectures at chemistry. Edited "Review of American Lowell Institute in 1913 on the subject of "The Sea in English Poetry." Honored by Yale with the degree of Litt. D. His verse on heroic and patriotic subjects is regarded by the leading critics as among the best of his generation. His ALFRED NOYES published works are: "The Loom of Years" (1902); "The Flower of Old Japan", (1903-verse); "Forest of Wild Thyme" (1905); "Drake" (1908-an English epic). He wrote a life of William Morris, for "English Men of Letters" series (1908); "Collected Poems" (1910); "Robin Hood" (1912); "Tales of the Mermaid Tavern" (1912); "The Wine Press and Roda" (1914); A Belgian Christmas Eve" (1915); "A Salute to the Fleet"; "The New Morning" edited "The Magic Casement" (1908); and "Book of Princeton Verse, (1916).
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Noyes (ARTHUR AMOS American chemist)
ARTHUR AMOS, American chemist; born at Newburyport, Mass., 1866. Graduated at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1886; studied at University of Leipsic (Ph. D. 1890), instructor 1890-1894; associate professor 1894- 1899; professor of theoretical chemistry after 1899; director of research laboratory of physical chemistry, 1903-1907; after 1909 acting president. His researches have supplied mo most of our knowledge on the subject of physical Chemical Research," 1895-1901; President American Chemical Society, 1904. His books include: "Course of Instruction in Quantitative Chemical Analysis of Inorganic Substances" (1895); "General Principles of Physical Science" (1902); "Electrical Conductivity of Aqueous Solutions" (1907); "Common Principles of Chemistry" (1916).
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Noyon
a town of France; department of Oise, 67 miles N. N. E. of Paris. It has a fine cathedral in the Transition style of the 12th century, a city hall (1485-1523), and a former episcopal palace. The Noviodunum of Cæsar, Noyon was a residence of Charlemagne and Hugo Capet, and the birthplace of Calvin. The town suffered during the World War 1914-1918, being fought over and alternately occupied by Germans and Allies. It was finally recaptured by the French, Aug. 28-29, 1918. Pop. about 7,500.
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Nuble
province of Chile, inland, bordering on Lenares and Concepcion. Capital, Chillan. Is in part on the slope of the Andes and in part in the fertile valley of Chile. Produces wheat, timber, and has considerable live stock. Vine is largely cultivated. Area, 3,407 square miles. Pop. about 200,000.
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Nueva Caceres
capital of province of Ambos Camarines, Philippines, 11 miles S. of Bay of San Miguel, on the Naja river. Has cathedral, episcopal palace, normal school, seminary, and other fine buildings. Steamers ply between it and Manila, 145 miles away. Founded 1578. Name also of town on Cebu Island. Pop. about 20,000.
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