O'Brien
WILLIAM, Irish journalist and politician; born in 1852; educated at Cloyne College and Queen's College, Cork. In 1875 joined staff of "Freeman's Journal," and founded "United Ireland" 1880. Prosecuted nine times for political offenses, he spent over two years in prison. Nationals' parliamentary leader 1883-1895, retiring because of party dissensions. Toured the United States in 1890, collecting funds for Irish cause. Led Anti-Parnellites after leader's conviction. 1898 organized an agrarian movement, United Irish League, and founded "The Irish People" as its organ. Member of Parliament for Cork, 1900- 1909. Has published "When We Were Boys" (1890); "Irish Idea" (1894); "A Queen of Men" (1897); "Recollections" (1906); "An Olive Branch" (1910).
FITZ-JAMES, an Irish- American author; born in Limerick, Ireland, in 1828. His writings comprise "The Diamond Lens and Other Stories," and many poems. His collected works appeared in 1881. He died of wounds in the Civil War at Cumberland, Md., April 6, 1862.
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O'Conor
CHARLES, an American lawyer; born in New York City, Jan. 22, 1804; was admitted to the bar in 1824, while still a minor. Among his most celebrated cases were the Forrest divorce case; the Slave Jack case; the Lispenard will case; the Lemon slave case, and the Mme. Jumel suit; became senior counsel for Jeferson Davis when the ex-Confederate President was indicted for treason, and was conspicuous in the suits against William M. Tweed in 1871. In 1869 he was elected president of the Law Institute of New York; in 1872 was nominated for President of the United States by one of the numerous Democratic conventions of that year, despite his protest, and was defeated; and in 1876 appeared before the Electoral Commission Samuel J. in support of the claims of Tilden. He died in Nantucket, Mass., May 12, 1884.
JOHN FRANCIS XAVIER, an American author and educator. He was born in New York in 1852, and graduated from St. Francis Xavier College in 1872, taking English studies in London, philosophy in Louvain, and Oriental studies at Johns Hopkins. He became a priest of the Jesuit Order in 1885, and taught at West Park College; Georgetown University; College; St. Joseph's College, Philadelphia; St. Francis Xavier, N. Y., being founder also of Brooklyn College. Authority on cuneiform Assyrian. His works include dramas, of which he composed the music, among them the "Mystery of Life" (1916). He died in 1920.
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O'Donaghue
DENIS, an American Roman Catholic bishop, born in Daviess co., Ind., in 1848. He was educated at Meinrad's College and at St. Thomas' Seminary, after studying theology at the Grand Seminary, Montreal. He became a priest in 1874 and was appointed assistant priest of St. John's Church, Ind. For 21 years he was chancellor of Vincennes Diocese, and from 1895 to 1910 was rector of St. Patrick's Church, Ind. He was made auxiliary bishop in 1900 and was appointed bishop of Louisville, Ky., in 1910. ODONATA. See DRAGON FLY.
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O'Donnell
LEOPOLD, a Spanish military officer; born in Santa Cruz, Teneriffe, Jan. 12, 1809. He was descended from an ancient Irish family, entered the Spanish army and espoused the cause of the infant Queen Isabella against Don Carlos (see CARLISTS). When the Car ŒDEMA ists were overthrown he was created Chief of the Staff to Espartero. He took the side of the queen - mother in 1840, emigrated with her to France. In 1843 his intrigues against Espartero were successful; and he was rewarded by the governor-generalship of Cuba. When he returned to Spain (1848) he intrigued against Bravo Murillo and Narvaez; was made war minister by Espartero in 1854; but plotted against his benefactor, and in 1856 supplanted him by a coup d'état. He was in three months' time succeeded by Narvaez, but in 1858 he returned to power; in 1859 he commanded the army in Morocco, took the Moorish camp, and the city of Tetuan surrendered, whereupon he was made Duke of Tetuan. In 1866 his cabinet was upset by Narvaez, and he died in Bayonne, France, Nov. 5, 1867.
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O'Donovan
WILLIAM RUDOLF, an American sculptor, born in Preston co., Va., in 1884. He served in the Confederate Army and after the war established a studio in New York City, where he executed many portrait busts of wellknown people, including Walt Whitman, General Wheeler and others. He also made statues of Washington for Caracas, Venezuela, and many monuments and statues for American cities and institutions. He was one of the founders of the Tile Club.
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O'Hara
THEODORE, an American lawyer, author of the poem "The Bivouac of the Dead"; born in Danville, Ky., in 1820. He was a lawyer and journalist; at one time an officer in the United States navy; connected with the Lopez and Walker movements; served as captain and major in the Mexican War; afterward, for a year, in the United States cavalry; and in the Civil War as a colonel on the Confederate side. He died in Barbour co., Ala., June 7, 1867.
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O'Higgins
a province of Chile with an area of 2,342 square miles. The eastern part of the slope of the Andes is very mountainous. It has a large area suitable for grazing, in the western part. Agriculture and grazing are the chief industries. Some mining of gold and other metals is carried on in the mountain regions. Pop. (1917) 120,750. The capital is Rancagua.
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O'Laughlin
JOHN CALLAN, an American newspaper writer, born in Washington in 1873. He was educated in the common schools and studied European diplomacy in Columbia University. He served as correspondent in various parts of the world for many newspapers and contributed much to current magazines. He served as first assistant secretary of state for three months in 1909, and was secretary of Theodore Roosevelt during the latter's trips in Africa and Europe. He wrote "With Roosevelt from the Jungle Through Europe" (1910); " Imperilled America" (1916). He was commissioned major in the tional Guard the Nain 1918 and served as aide to Major-General Goethals.
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O'Neal
EMMET, an American public official; born in Florence, Ala., in 1853. Graduated University of Alabama in 1873, and was admitted to the bar in 1875. He was United States attorney for the N. district of Alabama from 1893 to 1897 and was elected governor of Alabama for the term 1911 to 1915. He was president of the Alabama State Bar Association from 1909 to 1910, and was a member of other important professional associations. He was chairman of the District Exemption Board of Division 1, during the operation the operation of the draft. He wrote "The State Constitution."
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