Olean
a city in Cattaraugus co., N. Y., on the Alleghany river and on the Pennsylvania, the Erie, and the Pittsburgh, Shawr Shawmut and Northern railroads; 70 miles E. of Buffalo. It contains a large supply of natural gas, both for fuel and lighting; the Forman Public Library, several educational institutions, electric street railroads, electric lights, National banks, and daily and weekly newspapers. It has extensive peies, roperies, silk factories, bleach works, troleum, lumber, and tanning interests. Pop. (1910) 14,743; (1920) 20,506.
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Oleander
an old-fashioned, milky-juiced, decorative shrub. There are two or three species. The common oleander is a native of the Mediterranean region. In the Bermudas it is a hedgerow bush twenty-five feet high. In the Southern States it is a favorite garden shrub. In the North it is grown in tubs and is a favorite, as it requires little attention and its blossoming season is long. The tub holding the plant is set out of doors during the summer. After the blossoming is over it is transferred to the cellar or other convenient place where neither frost nor a strong light will reach it. It may also be made to blossom indoors in the winter like other house plants. The oleander is grown easily from cuttings. Its chief enemy is the plant scale. The house plant is much branched and attains a height of seven to fifteen feet. The flowers are salver-shaped and fragrant; white, red, scarlet, yellow, pink in color. The leaves are lanceolate and leathery. They are poisonous and should not be within reach of young children.
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Oleander
in botany, Nerium oleander, the common, and N. odorosum, the sweet-scented oleander. They have lanceola coriaceous leaves, with parallel veins and fine roseate flowers. The former is a native of India, now naturalized in many warm countries. A decoction of its leaves forms a wash used in the S. of Europe to destroy cutaneous vermin; the powdered wood and bark are used at Nice OLEANDER as the basis of a rat poison. Sweet scented oleander is wild in Central India, Scinde, Afghanistan, and the outer Himalayas to 5,500 ft. Often cultivated in India, etc. All parts of the plant, especially the root, are poisonous.
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Oleine
Important: Safety Warning This page describes trade processes that use dangerously toxic materials such as cyanide solutions, mercury amalgams, or strong acids. These processes require training, equipment, and precautions far beyond what the text describes. This information has been left in for historical purposes but should not be acted upon. See OILS. Olive Bronze Dip for Brass.--Nitric acid 3 ounces, muriatic acid 2 ounces; add titanium or palladium. When the metal is dissolved add two gallons of pure soft water to each pint of the solution. See STAINS FOR METALS.
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Olenek
a river of Northern Siberia which rises under the polar circle, and enters the Arctic Ocean to the W. of the Lena delta; length, about 1,200 miles.
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Oleograph
a name given to an ordinary chromo lithograph which has been "roughed" after printing, mounted on canvas, and varnished so as to imitate an oil painting.
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Olfactory Nerves
in anatomy, the fifth pair of cerebral nerves ramifying on the Schneiderian membrane, producing the sense of smell, and also sensibility to the nose.
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Olifant River
a forked stream of Cape Colony, South Africa; rises in the mountains N. E. of Cape Town, and, after a N. W. course of 150 miles, enters the Atlantic. Area of drainage , 13,000 basin square miles. Another stream bearing the same name rises in the Transvaal, and goes E. to join the Limpopo.
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Oligarchy
a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the hands of a small exclusive class; the members of such a class or body.
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Oligocene
in geology, a term employed by Beyrich to designate certain Tertiary beds of Germany (Mayence etc.).
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Oliphant
MARGARET (WIL- SON), a Scotch novelist; born in Walyford, Scotland, in April, 1828; lived in Liverpool, London, Rome, and for nearly 30 years in Windsor, England. She was a most prolific authoress, publishing over 110 books, besides numerous articles and essays. She excelled in delineating character, and had a keen sense of humor. Among her most important works are "Caleb Field" (1851); "Harry Muir" (1853); "The Quiet Heart" (1856); "Adam Graeme of Mossgray" (1857); "The Makers of Florence" (1874); "A Beleaguered City" (1880); "The Victorian Age of English Literature" (1892); "A Little Pilgrim in the Unseen" (1882); etc. She died in Wimbledon, England, June 25, 1897.
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Oliphant (LAURENCE an English writer)
LAURENCE, an English writer; born in Cape Town, South Africa, in 1829. Of good family and position, he roamed over the earth, deeply interested in the mystic philosophy of the East. He published a dozen books, including three novels; several works of a politico-military nature, such as "A Narrative of the Earl of Elgin's Mission to China and Japan" (1860); and various journalistic and philosophic books, like "Episodes in a Life of Adventure" (1887) and "Scientific Religion" (1888). He died in Twickenham, England, Dec. 23, 1888.
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Oliva (Zo logy olive a genus)
in zoölogy, olive; a genus of Buccinidæ. Shell cylindrical, polished; spire very short, suture channeled; aperture long, narrow, notched in front; columella callous, striated obliquely; bodywhorl furrowed near base. No operculum in the typical species, O. porphyria. Large foot and mantle lobes; eyes near tips of tentacles. Known species 120, from subtropical coasts of America, West We Africa, India, ia, China, and the Pacific. In paleontology, 20 fossil species, commencing in the Eocene Tertiary.
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Olive
in botany, Olea europœa, the leaves are oblong or lanceolate, smooth
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Olive Oil
in chemistry, Florence oil, or salad oil, a non-drying oil, extracted from the fruit of the olive by pressure. It has a pale yellow color with a tinge of green, a mild and agreeable taste. It is frequently adulterated with almond, nut, colza, cotton seed, and other oils. In pharmacy, it is used as a laxative; as an emollient ingredient in enemas; to envelop the poisonous particles in the stomach in cases of of poisoning; to relieve pruritus in skin diseases; and to protect the surface from the air in scalds and burns. burgh Gazette" and "Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph." He was elected to the United States Senate in 1909 to fill an unexpired term. In 1911 he was reelected for a term ending 1917. In 1904 and 1916 he was a delegate to the National Convention of the Republican party. He died in 1919.
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