Pancreas
in anatomy, an organ situated within the curve formed by the duodenum; its main duct opening into the intestine there, and secreting the pancreatic fluid, which resembles saliva, the gland itself resembling the salivary glands. Its function is to secrete this fluid which has a strong digestive action on starchy matter, and in a less degree on fatty matters and albuminoid substances.
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Pancreatin
a mixture of ferments, or enzymes, obtained from the pancreas of the ox or hog. Occurs as a yellowish, amorphous powder, or as transparent yellowish scales, almost completely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. When exposed to the air it absorbs water and loses its activity. Pancreatin has the property of bringing starchy, proteid and fatty foods into a more digestible form. This renders it valuable for treating digestive disorders, and cases where defective nutrition is indicated. It is also used in treating diabetes and cancer. In conjunction with sodium bi-carbonate, it is used in peptonizing milk for feeding infants, and is also added to beef tea, gruel and other invalid foods.
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Pandarus
A son of Lycaon, who aided the Trojans in their war with the Greeks. He broke the truce which had been agreed on by the contending armies, and wounded Meneaus and Diomedes. He was at last killed by Diomedes. 2026 Editor's Note: While the Iliad depicts Pandarus as a skilled archer who broke the truce between the Trojans and Achaeans, his character underwent a significant transformation in medieval literature. In these later works, he is reimagined as a licentious facilitator of the affair between Troilus and Cressida, a role that gave rise to the English word "pander." William Shakespeare further adapted this version of the character in Troilus and Cressida , portraying him as a degenerate who bequeaths his "diseases" to the audience. (Ed: BR 2026-06-14)
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Pandects
a collection of laws, systematically arranged, from the works of Roman writers on jurisprudence, to which the Emperor Justinian gave the force of law, 533 A. D.
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Pandit
or PUNDIT, a learned Brahman; one versed in the Sanskrit language, and in the sciences, laws, and religion of the Hindus.
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Pandours
a people of Serbian origin who lived scattered among the mountains of Hungary, near the village of Pandour, in the county of Sohl. The name used to be applied to that portion of the light armed infantry in the Austrian service raised in the Slavonian districts on the Turkish frontier. They originally fought after the fashion of the "free-lances," and were a terror to the enemy.
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Pangborn
GEORGIA WOOD, an American writer; born in Malone, N. Y., in 1872. Graduated from Packard Institute in 1894, and in the same year married H. L. Pangborn. She wrote "Roman Biznet" (1902); "Interventions" (1911). She was a frequent contributor to magazines. movement
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Pangolin
in zoölogy, scaly anteater; the popular name for any indi- PANGOLIN vidual of the genus Manis. They range in size from one foot to three feet in length, exclusive of the tail, which, in some species, is twice as long as the body; legs short, ears very small, tongue long and vermicular, to which ants are held fast by the copious flow of saliva with which it is lubricated. There are seven species.
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Panic
a sudden flight or alarm, especially one without any real cause or ground; sudden flight or terror inspired by some trifling cause. A commercial panic, a panic produced in commercial circles. When such a panic takes place a run commences on the banks, the price of securities falls, and other abnormal commercial conditions ensue.
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Panicle
in botany, a kind of inflorescence, in which the flowers are arranged on the lengthened axis, with branched peduncles and lengthened centripetal clusters of flowers.
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Panipat
a town of the Punjab, India; 53 miles N. of Delhi, near the old bank of the Jumna, and on the great military road of northern India between Afghanistan and the Punjab. The first great battle of the Panipat was fought in 1526, when Baber, at the head of 12,000 Mongols, defeated the army, 100,000 strong, of the Emperor of Delhi. The second in 1556 by the Mongols under Akbar, grandson of Baber, and third of the Mogul emperors, against Hemu, an Indian general of the Afghan Sher Shah, the latter being defeated. The third battle was fought Jan. 7, 1761, between Ahmed, ruler of Afghanistan, and the till then invincible Mahrattas, suffered total defeat and great slaughter. a Manufactures copper utensils, cloth, blankets, hardware, silver and glass ornaments. Pop. about 35,000.
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Pankhurst
CHRISTABEL, daughter of Emmeline Pankhurst; born in 1882, at Manchester, where she graduated in 1906 from Victoria University as LL. B. She seconded her mother's militant tactics in the work for women's suffrage in Great Britain, and from 1905 onward addressed public meetings, and heckled cabinet ministers with the result that she was frequently imprisoned. In 1912 she fled to Paris, and from there edited the "Suffragette." She lectured in the United States in 1914-1915, and wrote a book, "The Great Scourge and How to End It." In 1919 she made an unsuccessful attempt to get in Parliament. In 1920 she visited Russia, and spoke in sympathy for the Bolshevist Government.
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Pankhurst (II)
EMMELINE (née GOULDEN), English suffrage leader. She was born in 1858 at Manchester, England, and in 1879 married Dr. Richard M. Pankhurst, who died in 1898. She had always worked for woman's suffrage, but first came into prominence at the elections of 1906, when she and other women endeavored to break up public meetings and to fire public buildings. As a result of these activities she and other suffragettes were sent to jail, but they resorted to the hunger strike and had to be released. In 1913 she escaped to lecture in the United States, and when the war broke out ended militant tactics and aided the government. The result was the admission of women to the vote at the close of the war, a measure for which Mrs. Pankhurst received the chief credit. In 1919-1920 she again visited the United States.
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Pannonia
a large extent of country in Europe, bounded on the N. by the Danube, S. by Illyricum and Mesia, E. by the Danube, and W. by Noricum, inhabited by Celtic tribes and including the parts now known as Hungary and the Republic of Austria. It was attacked by the Romans, under Octovianus, 35 B. C., and made a Roman province by Tiberius in 8. It was ceded to the Huns by Theodosius II. about 447, came into the hands of the Ostrogoths at the death of Attila in 453, and to the Longobardi (527-565), from whom it passed to the Avari in 568. The Ungri, or Hungarians, settled here in 889; and from them a large part of Pannonia received the name of Hungary.
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