Parks
LEIGHTON, clergyman. He was born in New York in 1852 and studied at the General Theological Seminary, from which he graduated in 1876. After becoming ordained he became rector of Emmanuel Church, Boston, holding that charge till 1904, when he became rector of St. Bartholomew's Church, New York. From the first he established his reputation as a preacher and in addition showed considerable literary talent. His books include: "His Star in the East"; "The Winning of the Soul and Other Sermons"; "Moral Leadership and Other شود Sermons."
NATIONAL. See NATIONAL PARKS.
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Parlow
KATHLEEN, an American violinist; born at Calgary, Canada, in 1890. She went with her parents to California at the age of five years. She first appeared on the stage in San Francisco at the age of six. In 1905 she went to London and played with the London Symphony Orchestra. She made tours in various countries of Europe and in the United States. For several seasons she played as soloist for the Boston Symphony Orchestra.
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Parnahyba
a river of Brazil, rises in the Serra Mangabeiras, about lat. 9° S., and throughout its course (650 miles) forms the boundary between the states of Maranhão and Piauhy. It enters the Atlantic by six mouths. The stream is swift, but navigable by boats for nearly 350 miles. On the E. bank, 14 miles from its mouth, is the unhealthy town of Parnahyba, with a considerable trade.
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Parole
a word of promise; a word of honor; faith plighted; specifically a promise given by a prisoner on his honor that he will not attempt to escape if allowed his liberty, or that he will return to custody on a certain day if released, or that he will not bear arms against his captors for a certain time, etc. Also a password; a word given out each day in orders by the commanding officer in 9 camp or garrison, by which friends and foes may be distinguished. It differs from a countersign in being given only to officers, or those who inspect and give orders to the guard, while a countersign is given to all guards.
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Paros
one of the larger islands of the Cyclades division of the Greek Archipelago; a low pyramid in shape, it has an area of 64 square miles; pop. (1918) about 10,000, of whom some 3,000 live in the capital, Parœkia. Wine, figs, and wool are exported. The quarries of the famous white Parian marble are near the summit of Mount St. Elias (ancient Marpessa), and are not yet exhausted. Archilochus and Polygnotus, the painter, were born on Paros.
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Parr
CATHARINE, the 6th wife of King Henry VIII.; daughter of Sir Thomas Parr; born in 1512. Married first to one Edward Borough, possibly Lord Borough, and afterward to Lord Boroug Latimer, she on July 12, 1543, became queen of England by marriage with Henry VIII. She was distinguished for her learning and knowledge of religious subjects, her discussion of which with the king had well nigh brought her to the block. Her tact, however, saved her; for she made it appear to the king's vanity that she had only engaged him in discourse about the Reformation to derive profit from his majesty's conversation. She persuaded Henry to restore the right of succession to his daughters. After Henry's death she married (1547) Sir Thomas Seymour, and died in the following year.
SAMUEL WILSON, an American educator, born at Granville, Ill., in 1857. He graduated from the University of Illinois in 1884, afterward studying in Germany and Switzerland. In 1891 he was appointed professor of applied chemistry at the University of Illinois and was also director and consulting chemist of the Illinois State Water Survey. From 1905 he was State Geologist of Illinois. He was a member of many engineering societies and wrote much on subjects relating to chemistry.
THOMAS, better known as OLD PARR, born, it is said, in 1483 in Winnington, Shropshire, England. He was buried in Westminster Abbey where a monument records his longevity. His age however, has been disputed. He died in 1635.
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Parrakeet
or PARAKEET, a popular name for any of the smaller long-tailed parrots. The word is in common use, but is applied without any strict scientific limitation to birds of different genera, and even of different families. Generally speaking, any old-world parrot with a moderate bill, long and more or less graduated tail, with the ends of the feathers narrowed, and high and slender tarsi, is called a parrakeet. town of New PARRAMATTA, a South Wales; on a W. extension of Port Jackson, 14 miles W. of Sydney, with which it is connected both by steamer and railway. The streets are wide and regular. "Colonial tweeds," "Parramatta cloths" (first made at Bradford from wool exported hence). Much fruit, especially the orange, is grown here. Parramatta, formerly called Rosehill, is, after Sydney, the oldest town in the colony, having been laid out in 1790. Pop. (1917) 12,250.
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Parrhasius
par-ra'shi-us (about 470-400 B. C.), a Grecian painter. Celebrated for wealth, insolence, and ability. He is said to have outmatched his rival, Zeuxis, by painting a picture of a curtain. Zeuxis came to see the picture and was so deceived by its naturalness that he waited for the curtain to be drawn aside that he might view the painting. Parrhasius is accused, probably unjustly, of crucifying a prisoner to get the real expression of pain for a picture he was painting.
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Parricide
one who murders his father, ancestors, or any one to whom reverence is due. The Athenians had no law against parricides, from an opinion that human atrocity could never reach to the guilt of parricide. This was also originally the case at Rome; but at a later period the delinquent, after being scourged, was placed in a leathern sack, with a dog, a cock, a viper, and an ape, and so cast into the Tiber. The English and American law treat this crime as simple murder.
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Parrish
MAXFIELD, an American decorator and painter. Born in Philadelphia in 1870 and studied at Drexel Institute and Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. His work soon became widely known for its rich colored effects, which are especially good in his illustrations of the imagination of childhood. Probably his most successful work in illustrating books was achieved in the Arabian Nights. His later work has been chiefly in mural decoration and his largest single piece ngle piece of work as well as his most successful is the series of seventeen panels in the Curtis Publishing Company's Building in Philadelphia.
RANDALL, an American writer, born in Henry co., Ill., in 1858. Studied at the University of Iowa and was admitted to the bar in that State. He later went to Arizona and New Mexico, and engaged in newspaper work in several cities in the West. He was the author of "When Wilderness Was King" (1904); "Gordon Craig" (1912); "The Red Mist" (1914); "The Devil's Own" (1917), and many other books.
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