Pasadena
a city in Los Angeles co., Cal.; on the Southern Pacific, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé and Salt Lake railroads; 9 miles N. E. of Los Angeles. It is a fan is a famous health re resort, built at the foot of the Sierra Madrè Mountains in a region of equable climate and such superb scenery that it has been named the "Italy of America." There being no marsh lands, malarial fevers and like ailments are entirely unknown. The soil of the region is very fertile and almost every kind of fruit belonging to temperate and semi-tropical climes is grown in great profusion. Pasadena contains the kindergartens, a public library, a number of churches, banks, and many hotels. There are large packing industries, canneries, flour mills, and other manufactories. The city city was settled by a colony from Indianapolis in 1874, since which time it has greatly developed in horticultural enterprises. Pop. (1910) 30,291; (1920) 45,334.
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Pascagoula
a navigable river in the S. E. part of Mississippi, and formed by the junction of the Leaf and Chickasawha. It flows 85 miles S. to a small bay of the same name on the Gulf of Mexico.
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Pasewalk
a town of Prussia, 26 miles W. N. W. of Stettin, has varied industries. It was plundered and burned three times by the Imperialists in the Thirty Years' War, by the Poles in 1657, and by the Russians in 1713. Pop. about 12,000.
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Pasha
or PASHAW, a Turkish title of honor bestowed originally on princes of the blood, but now also on governors of provinces, military officers of high rank, etc. Pashas are of three grades, distinguished by the number of horsetails which they are entitled to bear lance as a distinctive badge. on a Pashas of the highest rank bear three horsetails; governors of the more important provinces, two; and minor governors, one.
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Pasich
NICOLA, Serbian statesman; born in Saitehar, 1846; educated in Belgrade, and studied at the University of Engineering in Zurich, Switzerland. Fought with his countrymen against the Turks in 1876-1878, then entered politics, becoming leader of the Radical party in the Popular Assembly. Being suspected of plotting against King Milan, he was exiled abroad in 1883, but was pardoned in 1889, when he returned to Belgrade. Re-entering politics, he was elected Mayor of Belgrade. In 1891 he was called upon to form a Cabinet, and for a year was Premier. In 1893- 1894 he was Serbian ambassador to Russia. In 1899 he again became implicated in a conspiracy against the throne, for which he was sentenced to death, but Russian influence brought him a speedy pardon. The ascent to the throne of the present king, Peter I., in 1903, brought him into favor again, and he became Minister of Foreign Affairs (1904-1905) and Premier in 1906-1908, and in 1912-1913. In 1914 he was again Premier, and was chiefly responsible for the diplomatic negotiations which resulted in the great war. With the king, he remained in the field with the troops, until Serbia was invaded, when he found refuge in Corfu, under English and French protection, until the victorious reentry of the Serbian army into Belgrade, after the final defeat of the Central Powers in 1918.
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Pasig
a city of the Philippines, the capital of the province of Rizal in Luzon. The city suffered from the insurrection of 1897 when a large part of the city was burned. Its chief industry is the manufacturing of pottery. Pop. about 12,000.
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Pasiphae
the wife of Minos, and mother of the Minotaur.
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Pasque Flower
or PASCHAL FLOWER, Anemone pulsatilla. it has a tuberous root and is common in borders. It is a very handsome plant, with purple, externally silky flowers.
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Passaic
a city in Passaic co., N. J.; on the Passaic river, and on the New York, Susquehanna and Western, the Lackawanna and the Erie railroads; 12 miles N. W. of New York. It contains waterworks, electric street railroads connecting with Hoboken, Paterson and Newark, electric lights, Emergency Hospital, public library, National and State banks, and daily and weekly newspapers. It has extensive print works, woolen mills, silk mills, bleachery, shoddy mills, whip factory, manufactory of blankets, tanneries, etc. Pop. (1910) 54,773; (1920) 63,834.
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Passamaquoddy Bay
in North America, opens out of the Bay of Fundy, at the mouth of the St. Croix river, between Maine and New Brunswick. It is 15 miles long by 10 wide, and shut in by a cluster of islands so as to form an excellent harbor.
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Passau
a town of Bavaria, on a rocky tongue of land, on the right bank of the Danube, beside the influx of the Inn, and opposite the confluence of the Ilz with the Danube, close to the frontier of Austria. The cathedral was rebuilt after a fire in 1680; the bishop's palace is now in part converted into public offices. The Passau Agreement between the Roman Catholic and Protestant estates of the empire was signed here on July 29, and Aug. 15, 1552. Passau was long an important fortified post, being the key of the Danube in that part of its course. There were two strong citadels, one dating from 737, the other from 1215-1219. The town grew up around an old Roman camp, and in 739 was made the seat of a bishopric founded by St. Boniface. The town came into the hands of Bavaria in 1803. It has impor tant manufactures of leather, porcelain, and parquet floors, besides boats, metal ware, and mirrors, and considerable trade in salt, timber, corn, and Passau tiles. Pop. about 12,000.
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Passer
in ornithology, a genus of Fringillidæ, which in many classifications has been allowed to lapse. According to Brisson, the generic characters are: Bill hard, strong, sub-conical, bulging above and below; nostrils basal, lateral, rounded, almost hidden by projecting and recurved frontal plumes. Gape straight. First primary small and attenuated, but distinctly developed; third or fourth rather the longest. Tail moderate, nearly square. Tarsus stout, nearly as long as the middle toe. Claws moderately curved, rather short. Professor Newton makes the house sparrow P. domesticus and the tree sparrow P. montanus. In the plural, Passeriformes, Insessores, an order of Aves, now generally placed first, and including the great mass of the smaller birds-crows, finches, flycatchers, creepers, etc.
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