Pawtucket
a city in Providence co., R. I., on the Pawtucket river, at the head of navigation, and on the New York and New England, and the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroads; 4 miles N. of Providence. The river here falls 50 feet, and this fact, with its proximity to the sea, led Samuel Slater in 1790 to select it as the site for the first cotton factory built in the United States. Here are water-works, public library, public and parochial schools, street railroad and electric light plants, National and savings banks, and several daily and weekly newspapers. It has about 500 manufacturing establishments, among which the most important are cotton, woolen, and hair cloth mills, machine shops, and foundries, print works, and extensive thread mills. Pop. (1910) 51,622; (1920) 64,- 248.
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Pax
The goddess of peace, called Irene by the Greeks. Pedius, Q. The great-nephew of the dictator C. Julius Caesar , being the grandson of Julia, Caesar's eldest sister.
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Pax
the Roman goddess of peace.
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Pax
in Church history, the kiss of peace. In the early Church the Roman to a osculum was adopted and raised spiritual gnificance (Rom. xvi: 16; I Cor. xvi: 20; II Cor. xiii: 12; I Thess. danger from v: 26). To obviate possible this custom, the Apostolic Constitutions strictly decreed the separation of the . The pax was sexes at public worship given at mass in the Western Churches till the 13th century, when Archbishop Walter in 1250 introduced the metal pax, and its use spread to the Continent. The pax is now only given at high masses, and the formal embrace substituted for the kiss is confined to those in the sanctuary. Also an osculatorium; at first probably a crucifix, then a plate of metal adorned with a figure of Christ crucified, or some other pious picture or emblem, passed among the congregation to be kissed as a substitute for the actual kiss of peace. Its use is almost entirely confined to religious houses and seminaries. Called also Instrumentum, Tabella Pacis, Pacificale, and Freda. To give the pax, to exchange the formal embrace now substituted for the kiss of peace.
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Paxo
one of the Ionian Islands, lies S. E. of Corfu, has, with the smaller island of Antipaxo (1 square mile), an area of 8½ square miles. Pop. (1920) about 5,000. Produces wine, olives and olive oil, almonds, oranges, lemons, etc. Capital, Gaïon, the seat of a bishop.
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Paymaster
an officer in the army and navy, from whom the officers and men receive their wages. In matters of general discipline the paymaster is subordinate to the commanding officer of his regiment; but in regard to the immediate duties of his office he is directly responsible to the war office.
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Payn
JAMES, an English novelist; born in Cheltenham, England, in 1830; was graduated at Cambridge in 1854. From 1858 he edited "Chambers' Journal," for which he wrote exclusively for many years. In 1882 he became editor of the "Cornhill Magazine." His works reach upward of 100 books, the best known being: "Lost Sir Massingberd"; "By Proxy"; "The Luck of the Darrells"; "The Talk of the Town"; "Some Literary Recollections" (1886); and ical), (1894). "The Disappearance of George Driffield" (1896); "Another's Burdens" (1897). He died in London, March 25, 1898.
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Payne
BRUCE RYBURN, an American educator, born at Morganton, N. C., in 1874. He graduated from Trinity College, N. C., in After serving as instructor in several institutions he was appointed professor of philosophy and education in William and Mary College in 1904. From 1906 to 1911 he was professor of psychology at the University of of Virginia. In the latter year he was appointed president of the George Peabody College, of Nashville, and was a member of many important societies, and was the author of the work of educational systems in various European countries.
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Payne (II)
JOHN BARTON, Secretary of the Interior of the United States. Born in Virginia 1855, and admitted to the bar in West Virginia in 1876. In 1883 he removed to Chicago where he practiced law and in 1893 was elected Judge of the Supreme Court of Cook In 1898 he resigned his judicial poco. sition and entered the firm of Winston, Payne, Strawn and Shaw, in which he remained until 1918. In that year he became counsel for the Shipping Board of the United States Government and later became its chairman. In 1920 President Wilson appointed him Secretary of the Interior.
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Payne (III)
JOHN HOWARD, an American dramatist; born in New York, June "Gleams of Memory" (autobiograph- 9, 1792. At the age of 16 he made his first appearance at the Park Theater in the character of Young Norval with brilliant success. He also played in England and Ireland. He visited London in 1813 and there founded "The Opera Glass." In 1832 he retired from the stage and in 1851 was appointed United States consul to Tunis. He wrote, translated and adapted over 60 plays, but is most famous as the author of "Home, Sweet Home," originally in the opera of "Clari." He died in Tunis, April 10, 1852. In 1883 his remains were removed to the United States and interred in Oak Hill cemetery, near Washington, D. C. JOHN BARTON PAYNE
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Payne (IV)
SERENO ELISHA, American legislator. He was born at Hamilton, ilton, N. Y., in 1843, studied at the University of Rochester, and was admitted to the bar in 1866. He became first city clerk, then supervisor, district attorney and head of the education board at Auburn and, elected in 1883, for almost thirty years served in the House of Representatives. In politics he was a Republican, and specialized in tariff legislation, being largely responsible for the Payne-Aldrich Act of 1909. He died in 1914.
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Payne (JOHN an English poet)
JOHN, an English poet and Oriental scholar; born in London, Aug. Au 23, 1842. He studied for the bar, and in 1867 became a solicitor. Among his works are: "The Masque of Shadow" (1870); "Intaglios" (1871); "Songs of Life and Death" (1872); "Lautrec" (1878); a translation of the "Poems of Francis Villon" (1878); "New Poems" (1880); "Francis Villon-a Biographical Study" (1881); a close and scholarly translation of the "Arabian Nights' Entertainments," with the addition of those volumes of "Arabian Tales" not included in the common (1882); and a translation of the "Rubaiyát" of Omar Khayyám, including over 800 quatrains, several hundred more than had been before translated (1897). He also made a translation of Dante's "Divina Commedia," which was unpublished. He translated and adapted a number of works including "Poems of Hafiz" (1901); "Flowers of France" (1907) etc. Died 1916.
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