Pic Du Midi
a summit of the Pyrenees, 9,466 feet high, in the S. E. corner of the French department of Basses- Pyrénées. CHARLES PICHEGRU
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Single-source entries: P (47)
Each of these 12 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Picasso
PABLO, a Spanish painter and sculptor. He was born at Malaga in 1881, and early developed a post - impressionist style which came to be called Cubism, of which he is held to be the originator. Light and shadow became the chief elements in his work which aimed at psychical suggestion over the distinct physical representation. His aim is the depth and perspective that lie beneath the superficies to which painting is apparently confined. His work in painting and sculpture attracted the chief attention at the International Exhibition of Modern Art in New York in 1913.
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Picayune
the name of a Spanish half real in Florida, Louisiana, etc.
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Picco Pipe
a small pipe, having two ventages above and one below. It is blown by means of a mouth-piece like a flûte à bec or whistle; and in playing, the little finger is used for varying the pitch by being inserted in the end. The player, Picco, after whom it was named, produced a compass of three octaves from this primitive instrument.
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Piccolo
a small flute, having the same compass as the ordinary orchestral flute, but its sounds are one octave higher than the notes as they are writ ten; called also an octave flute. Also, an organ stop of two feet length, the pipes are of wood, the tone bright and piercing. Also, a small upright piano, about three feet and a half high; used for certain brilliant effects, 310555 W OCTAVIO PICCOLOMINI
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Piccolomini
a distinguished Siennese family, still flourishing in Italy in celebrated two branches. The two most members are: ( 1) ÆNEAS SYLVIUS BARTHOLOMÆUS, afterward Pope Pius II. (2) OCTAVIO, a grand-nephew of the first; born in 1599, died in Vienna in 1656. He served in the armies of the German emperor, and became one of the distinguished generals in the Thirty favorite of Years' War. He was a Wallenstein, who intrusted him with a knowledge of his projects, when_he purposed to attack the emperor. In spite of this he made himself the chief instrument of Wallenstein's overthrow, and after the latter's assassination (1634) was rewarded with a portion of his estates.
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Pichegru
CHARLES (peezh'groo), a French military officer; born in Arbois, France, Feb. 16, 1761, of humble parents, but receiving a good education under the monks of his native town. Entering the army he soon rose to the rank of general and in 1794 succeeded General Hoche in the command of the Army of the North. He shortly after relieved Landau, and compelled the English to evacuate the Netherlands. He next marched into Holland, of which he made a complete conquest, and, in 1797, was elected a member of the Legislative body; but his opposition to the Directory, and his speeches in favor of the acroyalist emigrants, occasioned an to recusation against him as designing store royalty. Without trial he was transported to Cayenne, whence he escaped to England. In 1804 he returned , was again apprehended and to Paris sent to the Temple, where he was found strangled in his bed, April 5, 1804.
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Pichincha
"boiling mountain," the most populous province of Ecuador, embraces the Quito plateau and its slopes; area 9,030 square miles. The soil is fertile in the W. The province takes its name from the active volcano of Pichincha, 8 miles N. W. of Quito, the chief town. It has five peaks, two of which (15,418 feet) Mr. Whymper ascended in 1880. The enormous crater, nearly a mile across at the top and perhaps 1,500 feet in diameter at the bottom (which is 2,500 feet below), is said to be the deepest in the world. Pop. about 205,000.
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Pichon
STÉPHEN, French a journalist and statesman, born in Arnay le Duc, 1857, studied medicine at the University of Paris, but instead of following the medical profession, he took up journalism and, in 1880, joined the editorial staff of "La Justice." In 1882 he was elected to the municipal council of Paris, of which he later became secretary. In 1885 he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies, of which he was secretary from 1889 to 1890. In 1894 he served successively, for short periods, as French Minister to Hayti, Brazil, China (where he was present during the Boxer uprising) and to Tunis. In 1905 he became a member of the Senate, from Jura. In the year following he was given the portfolio for Foreign Affairs, by Clemenceau. This same post he held in the Briand Cabinet, in 1910-1911 and under Barthou, in 1913. After the reorganization of the French Cabinet, in November, 1917, when Clemenceau became Premier, Pichon again became Minister of Foreign Affairs, and also a member of the War Committee of the Cabinet. At the Peace Conference at Versailles he acted as one of the French delegates.
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Pichurim Beans
a name given to the seed lobes of Ocotea pichurim, a South American tree. T They resemble nutmeg and sassafras in taste and are used for flavoring chocolate, etc.
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Picide
woodpeckers; a family of zygodactyle Picarian birds, with, according to Wallace, 30 genera and 320 species, almost universally distributed, region beyond Celebes and Flores. Bill more or less straight; toes in pairs. They are insectivorous; the tongue is extensile, barbed at the point, and covered with a viscid solution to assist them in catching their prey; tail feathers hard and stiff, terminating in points, enabling the bird to run up the trunks of trees with facility.
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Pickens
ANDREW, an American military officer; born in Paxton, Pa., Sept. 13, 1739, of Huguenot ancestry. In 1752 he removed to South Carolina; was engaged in the expedition against the Cherokees in 1761. During the Revolution he was promoted Brigadier-General; took part in the defense of South Carolina against the British. He defeated the Tories at Kettle Creek, and in the battle of the Cowpens, commanded the militia, rallying them when retreating; received a sword from Congress for gallant conduct. He served in Congress from 1793 to 1795; and made treaties with the Indians. He died in Tomassee, S. C., Aug. 17, 1817.
FORT, a fort on Santa Rosa Island, Pensacola harbor, held by a small Union force under Lieut. A. J. Slemmer at the beginning of the Civil War. It refused to surrender when besieged by the Confederates in 1861, and was held till re-enforced. PICKEREL
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