Piqua
a city of Ohio in Miami co., about 70 miles N. W. of Columbus. It is on the Miami river, the Miami and Erie canal, the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton, the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago, and St. Louis, and the Western Ohio railroads. Among its important edifices and Ball Memorial Hospital. The city are a library, Federal Building, has important industries including sheet steel works, iron works, stove works, woolen mills, etc. Pop. (1910) 13,388; (1920) 15,044.
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Pirai
or PIRAYA, the Serrasalmo Piraya, a voracious fresh-water fish of tropical America. It is three or four feet in length, and its jaws are armed with sharp lancet-shaped teeth, from which cattle when fording rivers sometimes suffer terribly.
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Pirano
a city of Austria, situated on the Bay of Largone. It is in the former Crownland of Istria. There is a castle, dockyards, and the city before the World War had some commercial importance. Wine, oil, soap and chemical products were manufactured. The salt works are among the most important in Austria.
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Pirmasens
a town of the Bavarian Palatinate, and formerly the chief town , 34 of the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg miles W. of Landau; chief manufactures, shoes and musical instruments. Close by, the Prussians under the Duke of Brunswick defeated the French commanded by Moreau on Sept. 14, 1793. Pop. about 40,000.
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Pirna
a town of Saxony; on the left bank of the Elbe, 11 miles S. E. of Dresden. It contains a fine 16th century tic tic asylum asylu since 1811, and manufactures of glass, chemicals, tobacco, stoves, etc. Eight thousand men are employed in the sandstone quarries. Pop. about 20,-
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Pirot
a town of Servia, situated on the railroad from Belgrade to Sofia, near frontier. Near the bethe Bulgarian ginning of the World War the town was captured by an Austro-Germanic force. Pop. about 10,000.
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Pirrie
WILLIAM JAMES, BARON, an Irish shipbuilder. He was born in Quebec in 1847, and studied there and at Glasgow, becoming draftsman with Harland and Wolff at Belfast, of which he became head. Some of the b the biggest ships in the world have been turned out there, among them the White Star liners "Oceanic," "Olympic," "Titanic." He was Lord Mayor of Belfast in 1896. He is a strong supporter of Irish self-government in a st stronghold of its opponents. In 1906 he was made baron and in 1910 a member of the Order of St. Patrick. During the World War he turned his yard over for the construction of warships.
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Pisagua
a small port of the now Chilean province of Tarapacá, 40 miles N. of Iquique. It was bombarded and was the scene of much fighting during the Chilean civil war in 1891.
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Pisander
See page 213, A commander in the Spartan fleet during the Peloponnesian war. He was greatly opposed to democracy at Athens . He was killed in naval battle near Cnidus, B. C. 394. a See page 213, The Parthenon (Athens).
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Piscataqua
a river which constitutes part of the boundary between Maine and New Hampshire, and forms at its mouth the excellent harbor of Portsmouth.
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Pisces
in astronomy, the 12th and last of the zodiacal constellations. It is a large constellation, bounded on the E. by Aries and Triangulum, on the W. by Aquarius and Pegasus, on the N. by Andromeda, and on the S. by Cetus. The two fishes are represented on celestial globes and maps as separated some distance from each other, and as having their tails connected by a string. One is under the right arm of Andromeda, the other under the wing of Pegasus. About 40 stars are visible to the naked eye. Bode marks the position of 257; the largest, Alpha Piscium, is of magnitude 3½, and is a double star, one constituent being pale green and the other blue. Also the portion of the ecliptic from which precession has made the constellation move away. The sun enters it, crossing the equator, at the vernal equinox. PISCICULTURE. See FISH CUL- TURE.
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Pisgah
a name that seems to have applied generally to the mountain range or district to the E. of the Lower Jordan, identical with, or itself a part of, the mountains of Abarrim (Deut. xxxii: 49; xxxiv: 1), one of the summits of which is Mount Nebo (the modern Neba), 2,644 feet above the level of the Mediterranean. From this point Moses enjoyed his glimpse of the Promised Land, in early spring.
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Pishin
a district of southern Afghanistan (British Beluchistan after the Afghan War), just N. of Quetta, which has been governed by a political agent of the governor-general of India since 1878. The British occupied it on account of its great strategical importance; it is the meeting-place of several roads, practicable for troops but not for wheeled carriages, leading from Sind and Punjab to Kandahar. The districtarea, 3,600 miles; elevation, 5,000 feetconsists of alluvial valleys separated by range of hills, the whole sloping S. W. and surrounded by mountain chains that reach N. and S. 11,000 feet. The people, partly settled, partly nomad, grow wheat, barley, maize, millet, lucerne, watermelons, and muskmelons, and trade ind in horses to India. Pop. about 450,000.
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Pistacio Nut
the fruit of the pistacia vera. The kernel is very oily, of in ar flavor and bright green a peculiar color, and is much used in confections, etc.
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Pistil
the female organ in plants, standing in the middle of the stamens, around which again stand the floral envelopes.
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Pistillidium
a name given to certain small, sessile, ovate bodies in the fructification of mosses, enveloped in membrane tapering upward into a point. When abortive they are called paraphyses.
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Pistoia
or PISTOJA (ancient Pistoria), a town of Italy; 20 miles N. W. of Florence, on a spur of the Apennines. Its streets are thoroughly Tuscan, and it is surrounded with walls, pierced by gates, and has a citadel. The chief five ga buildings are the cathedral of San Jacopo (12th and 13th centuries), containing a magnificent altar of silver (1286-1407) and several good pictures; the church of St. Bartholomew, with a fine white marble pulpit by Como (1250); St. Andrea, with Giovanni Pisano's pulpit (1301); St. John, with a font by Giovanni Pisano and terra cottas by Andrea della Robbia; the 14th conspiracy century communal palace; and other palaces. The principal manufactures are iron and steel wares, and firearmsthe word "pistol" in all probability takes its name through pistolese, "a dagger," from Pistoia (Pistola). Here Cataline was defeated in 62 B. C. The town was conquered by Florence and Lucca in 1306. about 70,000; town, Pop., commune about 14,000. PISTOL. See FIREARMS.
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