Phy
an ancient manner of writing; ancient manuscripts collectively. Also the art or science of deciphering ancient inscriptions, writings, manuscripts, documents, etc., by a knowledge of the characters, signs, and abbreviations used by the writers or sculptors of various nations at different times; the study of ancient writings and and inscriptions, and modes of writing.
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Phyllis
A daughter of Sithon, or, according to other writers, of Lycurgus , king of Thrace. She received Demophoon, who landed on her coasts on his return from the Trojan war, and fell in love with him, and he reciprocated her affection; but afterward proving faithless, Phyllis hanged herself, and, according to an old tradition, was changed into an almond tree. Picumnus and Pilumnus. Two gods of matrimony in the rustic religion of the ancient Romans.
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Phyllite
in mineralogy, a mineral found in small shining scales sca or plates in a clay - slate. Essentially a silicate of alumina, sesquioxide and protoxide of iron, protoxide of manganese, and potash. Found in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Also a name given to some slaty rocks of cryptocrystalline to microcrystalline texture, apparently intermediate between mica-schist and ordinary clay slate.
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Phyllocarida
in zoölogy and palæontology; an order of Crustacea, represented by Nebalia and a number of fossil forms. The group is intermediate between the Phyllopoda and shrimps (Decapoda). The body is compressed, with usually a large shield, a pair of stalked eyes; the hind body ending in two or three spines. There are eight pairs of broad, short, leaf - like feet. fossil forms flourished from the rian to the Carboniferous period. living type is Nebalia bipes; it from Maine to Greenland and and it is only about half an inch
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Phyllopoda
in zoölogy, an order of Crustacea, division Branchiopoda. The feet are never less than eight pairs, and are leafy in appearance. The first pair oar-like, the other branchial, and adapted for swimming. Carapace not always present. They undergo a metamorphosis when young, being called Nauplii. They are of small size, somewhat akin to the ancient Trilobites.
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Phyllostomide
in zoölogy, the vampires, a family of insectivorous bats. See VAMPIRE BAT. Exod. xiii:
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Phylloxera
. See Grape
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Phylloxera
in entomology, a 1-10. genus of insects of the order Hemiptera, sub-order Homoptera, the type of a family Phylloxeridæ, allied to the Aphis and Coccus families. The Phylloxeridæ attach themselves to various plants, on the juice of which they feed, and which they often injure or destroy. P. vastatrix is the name given to an insect of this family, which, since 1865, has committed great devastation in the vineyards of France. They produce galle on the roots of the vines which, robbed of nutriment, soon die.
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Physalia
in zoölogy, a genus of marine animals of the class Hydrozoa, of the sub-class Siphonophora. The P. atlantica is known as Portuguese man of war. They possess one or more large air sacs, by which they float on the surface of the ocean. Numerous tentacles depend from the under side, one class short and the other long. The shorter are the nutritive individuals of the colony, the longer, which in a Physalia five or six inches long are capable of being lor extended to 12 or 18 feet, possess a rehydrated markable stinging power, and are probably used to stun their prey.
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Physalis
in botany, a genus of herbs belonging to the Solanaceæ or nightshade family. The species most commonly cultivated in the United States is known as strawberry tomato, ground cherry or winter cherry. The berries have a sweetish subacid taste.
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Physical Training
. See Athletics
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Physical World
Formerly known as the Sthula Plane-is in the theosophic scheme of things the lowest of the seven worlds, the world in which ordinary man moves and is conscious under normal conditions. It is the limit of the ego's descent into matter, and the matter which composes the appropriate physical body, is the densest of any of these worlds. Physical matter has the seven divisions of solid, liquid, gas, ether, super-ether, sub-atom and atom, in common with the matter of the other worlds. Besides the 、 physical body, familiar to ordinary vision, there is a finer body, the etheric double, which plays a very important part in collecting vitality from the sun for the use of the denser physical body, and reference is made to the articles on the Etheric Body, and Chaksams. At death, the physical body and the etheric double are cast aside and slowly resolve into their components. (See Worlds, Planes or Spheres, Theosophy .) Pierart, Z. T.: French Spiritualist and editor of La Revue Spiritualiste. M. Periart was born in humble circumstances but managed to secure for himself an adequate education. He became in time professor at the College of Maubeuge, and afterwards secretary to Baron Du Potet . In 1858 he founded La Revue Spiritualiste, and led the French spiritualists, between whom and the spiritists under Allan Kardec there existed a certain rivalry. Until his death in 1878 he continued to devote his time and talents to the movement with which he had identified himself.
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Physiognomy
the art or science of by his outward look, especially by his facial features and characteristics. See LAVATER. Modern writers consult Sims' "Physiognomy Illustrated" (1891); Fosbrook's " Character Reading Through Aspects of the Features" (1914). Also art of foretelling the future fortunes individuals by the lineaments of the of face.
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Piano-plates
The importance of that portion of a piano called the iron frame or "plate" possessing in the highest degree all the qualities requisite for a perfect casting may be better understood when it is known that in pianos of the largest size the sum of the tension of the strings, when stretched in attuning, reaches 33 tons. It is therefore natural to suppose that skill of the highest order is brought to bear on their production. The minor manufacturers usually contract with some foundry for their supply of plates, but in most cases the restrictions as to weight and finish are so severe that even ordinary profits are never looked for by the founder. Leading firms have them made in their own foundries, where special mixtures of iron, which have been previously determined and tested, are melted down at once, and poured into as many as seventy moulds simultaneously, in order that all may be alike. The chief feature in moulding these castings is the ramming. See RAMMING.
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