These 14 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Piassaba, Piaster, Piatt.
or PIASSAVA, a strong vegetable fiber imported from Brazil, and largely used for making brooms. It is chiefly obtained from palms such as Attalea funifera and Leopoldinia piasorassaba. The fiber proceeds from the decaying leaves, the petioles of which separate at the base into long, coarse, pendulous fringes. It was first utilized in England, and the consumption is now large. Other European countries also consume considerable quantities.
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or PIASTRE, a coin of various values. The gold piaster of Turkey = 4.4c.; the silver piaster = 4.35c.; the Egyptian piaster = 4.9c.; the Spanish piaster is synonymous with the United States dollar. The old Italian piaster was equivalent to about 89 cents.
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JOHN JAMES, an American poet; born in James' Mills, Ind., March 1, 1835. He entered journalism; became clerk of the United States Treasury De- Reprepartment and of the House of sentatives; and from 1882 to 1893 was consul at Cork, Ireland. His works include: "Poems of Two Friends" (1860), with W. D. Howells; "The Nests at Washington" (1864), with Mrs. Piatt; "Poems in Sunshine and Firelight" (1866); "Western Windows" (1869); "Idyls and Lyrics of the Ohio Valley" (1884); "At the Holy Well"; "The Hesperian Tree" (1900). Died 1917.
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or PIAUHY (pē-ou-ē), a state of Brazil, bounded by the Atlantic and the states of Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, and Maranhao, from which latter it is separated by the Parnahyba; area, 116,490 square miles. Pop. about 5.0,000. Its coast line is not above 10 miles in length. The soil, generally composed of alluvium, is of great natural fertility; but there is very little agriculture. The rearing of cattle, esteemed the best in Brazil, constitutes the principal source of wealth. Capital, Therezina; port, Parnahyba.
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a square open space surrounded by buildings or colonnades; popularly, but improperly, applied to an arcaded or colonnaded walk under cover, and even to a veranda. Sicily, in the province of Caltanissetta. salient through the Allied lines and sep- It contains the estates of many nobles and land-holders. It has a cathedral, an old castle, and several schools. It has an extensive trade in corn, oil, fruits, and wine. Pop. about 35,000.
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a series of variations or a sort of fantasia, played on a bagpipe, descriptive of some scene of poetical thought. In Scotland a martial air on the bagpipes. It can only be learned by personal instruction, as the scale of the bagpipe contains sounds unrepresented by any notation. Pibroch is sometimes used figuratively for the bagpipe itself.
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a summit of the Pyrenees, 9,466 feet high, in the S. E. corner of the French department of Basses- Pyrénées. CHARLES PICHEGRU
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BATTLES OF.) Here, on March 24, 1918, the British were heavily attacked by the Germans and driven back. Though a failure in its main objective, the German offensive succeeded in gaining a considerable area of territory, in the form of a wide salient, of which Péronne was in the center. applied in mineral chemistry to certain dioxides in which
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an ancient province in the N. of France, bounded on the W. by the English Channel, and on the E. by Champagne. The territory now forms the department of Somme, and portions of the departments of Aisne and Pasde-Calais. It was the scene of intense fighting during the World War (1914- 1918) notably in the Battle of the Somme. Here the Germans on March 21, 1918, began the first of the great drives that ended in disaster.
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BATTLES OF, a series of bloody battles constituting the great German offensive against the Allied lines on the western front, beginning early in March, 1918, centering toward Amiens, in Picardy, officially known as the Department of the Somme. It constituted one of the chief efforts of the Germans to break through the Allied front and gain a decisive victory and was perhaps the most critical moment of the war. Beginning in the first week of March, 1918, the German forces began a number of local attacks and raids in force, obviously with the purpose of feeling out the weakest point in the Allied lines. Here, and at this time, the American troops first took part in the fighting to any significant extent. On March 21 the Germans launched their great offensive, over a front fifty miles in width, extending from the river Oise, in the neighborhood of La Fère, to the Sensée river, near Croisilles. The British, under General Sir Hubert Gough, held the front from the Oise to a point north of the Omignon river, where another British army, under General Sir Julian Byng, continued the line on to the Scarpe river, joining here a third British force under General Sir Henry Thorne. Facing the three British armies was an equal number of German armies. Here was the main point of attack, 241 PICARDY, BATTLES OF
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PABLO, a Spanish painter and sculptor. He was born at Malaga in 1881, and early developed a post - impressionist style which came to be called Cubism, of which he is held to be the originator. Light and shadow became the chief elements in his work which aimed at psychical suggestion over the distinct physical representation. His aim is the depth and perspective that lie beneath the superficies to which painting is apparently confined. His work in painting and sculpture attracted the chief attention at the International Exhibition of Modern Art in New York in 1913.
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the name of a Spanish half real in Florida, Louisiana, etc.
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a small pipe, having two ventages above and one below. It is blown by means of a mouth-piece like a flûte à bec or whistle; and in playing, the little finger is used for varying the pitch by being inserted in the end. The player, Picco, after whom it was named, produced a compass of three octaves from this primitive instrument.
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a small flute, having the same compass as the ordinary orchestral flute, but its sounds are one octave higher than the notes as they are writ ten; called also an octave flute. Also, an organ stop of two feet length, the pipes are of wood, the tone bright and piercing. Also, a small upright piano, about three feet and a half high; used for certain brilliant effects, 310555 W OCTAVIO PICCOLOMINI
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