Panay
one of the Philippine Islands, belonging to the Visayan group. The island in shape is nearly that of a triangle. In general it is mountainous, though there are many extensive and very fertile valleys. The island comprises the three provinces of Capiz, Iloilo, and Antique; area, 4,611 square miles; pop. about 750,000. It is celebrated for forest products, there being in the single province of Capiz as many as 87 varieties of excellent building woods. From the forests are also gathered honey, wax, and pitch. Several quarries are worked, producing fine marble and tonalite. Lime of an excellent quality is abundant in the province of Iloilo. Besides these industries, cotton, corn, chocolate, pepper, coffee, tobacco, sugar cane, and rice are cultivated with much success.
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Pancras
ST., the son of a heathen noble of Synnada in Phrygia, lost both parents while a boy, and was taken to Rome by an uncle, and there baptized, but immediately afterward was slain (304) in the Diocletian persecution, being only 14 years old. The first Church that St. Augustine consecrated in England was dedicated to St. Pancras; it stood at Canterbury.
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Pancreas
in anatomy, an organ situated within the curve formed by the duodenum; its main duct opening into the intestine there, and secreting the pancreatic fluid, which resembles saliva, the gland itself resembling the salivary glands. Its function is to secrete this fluid which has a strong digestive action on starchy matter, and in a less degree on fatty matters and albuminoid substances.
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Pancreatin
a mixture of ferments, or enzymes, obtained from the pancreas of the ox or hog. Occurs as a yellowish, amorphous powder, or as transparent yellowish scales, almost completely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. When exposed to the air it absorbs water and loses its activity. Pancreatin has the property of bringing starchy, proteid and fatty foods into a more digestible form. This renders it valuable for treating digestive disorders, and cases where defective nutrition is indicated. It is also used in treating diabetes and cancer. In conjunction with sodium bi-carbonate, it is used in peptonizing milk for feeding infants, and is also added to beef tea, gruel and other invalid foods.
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Pandarus
A son of Lycaon, who aided the Trojans in their war with the Greeks. He broke the truce which had been agreed on by the contending armies, and wounded Meneaus and Diomedes. He was at last killed by Diomedes.
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Pandects
a collection of laws, systematically arranged, from the works of Roman writers on jurisprudence, to which the Emperor Justinian gave the force of law, 533 A. D.
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Pandit
or PUNDIT, a learned Brahman; one versed in the Sanskrit language, and in the sciences, laws, and religion of the Hindus.
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Pandours
a people of Serbian origin who lived scattered among the mountains of Hungary, near the village of Pandour, in the county of Sohl. The name used to be applied to that portion of the light armed infantry in the Austrian service raised in the Slavonian districts on the Turkish frontier. They originally fought after the fashion of the "free-lances," and were a terror to the enemy.
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Pangborn
GEORGIA WOOD, an American writer; born in Malone, N. Y., in 1872. Graduated from Packard Institute in 1894, and in the same year married H. L. Pangborn. She wrote "Roman Biznet" (1902); "Interventions" (1911). She was a frequent contributor to magazines. movement
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Pangolin
in zoölogy, scaly anteater; the popular name for any indi- PANGOLIN vidual of the genus Manis. They range in size from one foot to three feet in length, exclusive of the tail, which, in some species, is twice as long as the body; legs short, ears very small, tongue long and vermicular, to which ants are held fast by the copious flow of saliva with which it is lubricated. There are seven species.
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Panic
a sudden flight or alarm, especially one without any real cause or ground; sudden flight or terror inspired by some trifling cause. A commercial panic, a panic produced in commercial circles. When such a panic takes place a run commences on the banks, the price of securities falls, and other abnormal commercial conditions ensue.
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Panicle
in botany, a kind of inflorescence, in which the flowers are arranged on the lengthened axis, with branched peduncles and lengthened centripetal clusters of flowers.
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Panipat
a town of the Punjab, India; 53 miles N. of Delhi, near the old bank of the Jumna, and on the great military road of northern India between Afghanistan and the Punjab. The first great battle of the Panipat was fought in 1526, when Baber, at the head of 12,000 Mongols, defeated the army, 100,000 strong, of the Emperor of Delhi. The second in 1556 by the Mongols under Akbar, grandson of Baber, and third of the Mogul emperors, against Hemu, an Indian general of the Afghan Sher Shah, the latter being defeated. The third battle was fought Jan. 7, 1761, between Ahmed, ruler of Afghanistan, and the till then invincible Mahrattas, suffered total defeat and great slaughter. a Manufactures copper utensils, cloth, blankets, hardware, silver and glass ornaments. Pop. about 35,000.
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Pannonia
a large extent of country in Europe, bounded on the N. by the Danube, S. by Illyricum and Mesia, E. by the Danube, and W. by Noricum, inhabited by Celtic tribes and including the parts now known as Hungary and the Republic of Austria. It was attacked by the Romans, under Octovianus, 35 B. C., and made a Roman province by Tiberius in 8. It was ceded to the Huns by Theodosius II. about 447, came into the hands of the Ostrogoths at the death of Attila in 453, and to the Longobardi (527-565), from whom it passed to the Avari in 568. The Ungri, or Hungarians, settled here in 889; and from them a large part of Pannonia received the name of Hungary.
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Panomphaeus
The author of all signs and omens, a surname of Zeus ( Jupiter ). Pansa, C. Vibius. A Roman consul, who, with Hirtius, pursued the assassins of Caesar , and was killed in a battle near Mutina.
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