Publicist
a term originally applied to a writer on international law, now used to denote a writer on current politics.
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Single-source entries: P (95)
Each of these 15 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Publicola
A surname, signifying a friend of the common people, acquired by Publius Valerius. He assisted Brutus to expel the Tarquins, and won the victory in the battle in which Brutus and the sons of Tarquin had fallen. He was four times consul, but died in poverty, and was buried at the public expense amid general mourning. Publilius, Volero. Tribune of the plebs, B. C. 472, and again 471, effected an important change in the Roman constitution. In virtue of the laws which he proposed, the tribunes of the plebs and the aediles were elected by the comitia tributa, instead of by the comitia centuriata, as had previously been the case, and the tribes obtained the power of deliberating and determining in all matters affecting the whole nation, and not such only as concerned the plebs.
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Puccini
GIACOMO, an Italian composer and musician; born at Lucca in 1858. He was trained in music at the conservatory of Milan. In 1884 appeared his first opera "Le Villi," but it was not until nine years later upon the appearance of "Manon Lescaut" that his genius received world-wide recognition. His best known operas include "La Bohême" (1896); "La Tosca" (1900); "Madame Butterfly" (1904), and "The Girl of the Golden West" (1910). The latter piece was written by Puccini especially for Americans, but it has had a doubtful success. In 1907 Puccini superintended the rehearsals and conducted the performance of his opera "Madame Butterfly" at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York. This opera is gen- GIACOMO PUCCINI erally conceded his masterpiece, and Puccini is usually regarded as the successor of Verdi in the development of Italian opera.
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Puccinia
in botany, the typical genus of Puccinxi. The genus is parato the plants on sitic and destructive which it grows. P. graminis, the common mildew, causes the rust or blight in corn.
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Pud
or POOD, a Russian weight which contains 40 Russian pounds, equivalent to 36 pounds avoirdupois.
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Pudding Berries
the berries of the Canadian dogwood (Cornus canadensis), common throughout North America.
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Pudding Stone
a name given to certain siliceous conglomerates, notably that of Hertfordshire, England, in which the rounded, jaspery flint pebbles resemble the plums in a plum pudding.
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Puddling-furnace
A furnace for separating the carbon and other impurities from cast iron. This furnace is usually of the reverberatory kind, and in the process the fire is not mingled with the metal, as in the case of smelting, the material being melted by causing the flame to impinge upon it on its way from the fireplace at one end to the chimney at the other. See MALLEABLE IRON; REVER-BERATORY FURNACE.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
Pudukkottai
a State of Madras, southern India, situated between the districts of Madura and Tanjore, mainly rocky and undulating plain, sparsely cultivated. Granite quarries, silk, cotton and perfume works represent the chief industries. Small export trade, chiefly groundnuts and bark of trees. Pop. about 450,000. Capital, Pudukkottai, pop. about 25,000.
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Puebla
the third city of Mexico, capital of the State of the same name; (area, 12,992 square miles; pop. about 1,250,000); on a fruitful plain, 7,120 feet above sea-level, and 68 miles S. E. of the city of Mexico. It was founded in 1531, and is one of the handsomest towns in the r republic. The city contains nearly 50 churches, theological, medical, art schools and a museum of antiquities dating from 1728. On the great square stands the cathedral, the interior of which is decorated in the most sumptuous manner with ornaments of gold and silver, paintings, statues, etc. Puebla has a thriving trade. The chief articles produced are cotton, paper, iron, glass, porcelain, leather. Puebla was besieged for two months by the French, and then taken by storm, May 17, 1863. Pop. about 100,000.
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Pueblo
a city and county-seat of Pueblo co., Col.; on the Arkansas river, and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé, Missouri Pacific, Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific, and other railroads; 118 miles S. E. of Denver. Here are the State Hospitals for the Insane, the State Agricultural Society's buildings, etc. There is an extensive park system, excellent schools, public and private, libraries, county court house, State Mineral Palace and Park. The city has noted iron and steel plants and large stock-yards. Pop. (1910) 44,395; (1920) 42,908. PUEBLOS (Spanish, pueblo, "village"), a semi-civilized family of American Indians in New Mexico and Arizona, dwelling in large single habitations, which are sometimes capacious enough to contain a whole tribe. In New Mexico there are 19 such villages, with over 8,000 occupants, who are skillful agriculturists, employing irrigation ditches extensively, and rearing horses, cattle, and sheep. Spinning and weaving and the manufacture of pottery also are carried on. The Moquis of Arizona are a related tribe, numbering about 1,800, in seven villages built on the summit of isolated hills. The Pueblos are under Roman Catholic missionaries, and are making steady progress in civilization and education. They were first visited by the Spaniards about 1530, at which period their habits and their habitations were very much the same as today.
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Puerperal Fever
the low fever of childbed, commencing with rigors and chills. There are three marked varieties: the simple inflammatory, the mild epidemic with nervous disturbance, and the putrid or malignant epidemic. It is highly infectious, and even contagious, sometimes associated with erysipelas.
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Puerto Cabello
a seaport of Venezuela, in the State of Carabobo, 78 miles W. of Caracas. It stands on a long, low narrow peninsula on the Caribbean Sea, 34 miles from Valencia. There is an active foreign trade; the chief exports are coffee, cacao, indigo, cinchona, cotton, sugar, divi-divi, and copper ore. Pop. about 15,000.
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Puerto De Santa Maria
a seaport of Spain, at the mouth of the Guadalete, dalete, on the bay of Cadiz, 22 miles N. E. of Cadiz. It is one of the principal export harbors for sherry, and manufactures silk, soap, hats, leather, spirits, beer, etc. Pop. about 20,000.
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Puerto Plata
the chief port of the Dominican Republic, on the N. coast of the island of Haiti. It has an open roadstead, and exports a good deal of tococoa, bacco, mahogany, sugar, coffee, y, sugar, coffee, divi-divi, etc. Pop. (1916) 10,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia