Quackenbos
JOHN DUNCAN, an American physician; born in New York, N. Y., April 22, 1848; was graduated at Columbia College in 1868 and at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1871; began practice in New York; became Adjunct Professor of the English Language and Literature at Columbia College in 1884; Professor of Rhetoric in Barnard College in 1891-1893. He then became a specialist in mental diseases and lectured extensively on scientific and literary topics. He wrote "History of the World"; "History of Ancient Literature"; "Tuberculosis"; "Magnhild" (1919), etc. A specialist in mental diseases.
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Quackenbush
STEPHEN PLATT, an American naval officer; born in Albany, N. Y., Jan. 23, 1823; joined the navy in 1840; promoted lieutenant-commander in 1862; had charge of various vessels in blockading fleets during the Civil War; participated in the action at Elizabeth City and Newbern, N. C., captured the "Princess Royal" and won distinction in other operations. He was retired with the rank of rear-admiral in 1885. He died in Washington, D. C., Feb. 4, 1890.
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Quader Sandstone
a siliceous sandstone of Cretaceous age, with many fossil shells identical with those of the English Chalk. Q
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Quadragesima
the Latin name for the whole season of Lent, with its 40 days, but the name is commonly assigned to the first Sunday in Lent.
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Quadrangle
a square or foursided court or space surrounded by buildings, as often seen in the buildings of a college, school, etc. In geometry, a figure having four angles, and consequently four sides.
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Quadrant
in architecture, the same as QUADRANGLE (q. v.). In geometry, the fourth part of a circle. Nautically, an instrument for making angular measurements. It is now superseded by the SEXTANT (q. v.)
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Quadrate Bone
in comparative anatomy, a bone by means of which the rami are articulated with the skull in birds, reptiles, and fishes (often called the hypotympanic bone).
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Quadrature
the state of being quadrate or square; a square space. In astronomy, the position of one heavenly body with respect to another 90° dista tant, as the moon when midway between the points of opposition and conjunction. In geometry, the act of squaring; the reducing of a figure to a square. The quadrature of the circle is a famous problem, which has probably been the subject of more discussion and research than any other problem within the whole range of mathematical science.
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Quadratures
METHODS OF, any arithmetical method of determining the area of a curve. When the exact area is known a square whose area is equal to it can be found hence the term "quadratures." It has been shown (see CALCULUS) that the area of a curve whose equation is y=f(x) is fydx, and can therefore be found when the integral can be evaluated. Hence the approximate determination of the value of a definite integral is obtainable by the method of quadratures. 392 a two-wheeled car or chariot drawn by four horses, harnessed all abreast. In monumental work it is the figure, as thus described, surmounting an arch or main structure.
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Quadrifrons
A surname of Janus . It is said that after the conquest of the Faliscans an image of Janus was found with four foreheads. Hence a temple of Janus Quadrifrons was afterwards built in the Forum transitorium, which had four gates. The fact of the god being represented with four heads 人 is considered by the ancients to be an indication of his being the divinity presiding over the year with its four seasons. Quintilianus, Marcus Fabius. A celebrated rhetorician, born in Spain. He opened a school of rhetoric at Rome, and was the first who obtained a salary from the state as a public teacher. He died A. D. 95. 2026 Editor's Note: The epithet Quadrifrons refers to a four-faced representation of the Roman god Janus , who is more commonly depicted with a double-sided head. While the month of January is named for him, Janus also presided over transitions such as the four seasons and the beginning and ending of conflicts. In modern biology, the name is shared by the Zygaspis quadrifrons , a species of worm lizard found in southern Africa. (Ed: BR 2026-06-15)
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Quadrige
in Roman antiquities, B. C. that a plebeian was elected. They also had charge of the funds of the army, to which they were paymasters. The number of quæstors was increased to eight 265 B. C. Sylla raised the number to 20, and Julius Cæsar to 40.
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Quadrilateral
the name given in history to the four fortresses of north Italy-Mantua, Verona, Peschiera, and Legnago which form a sort of outwork to the bastion of the mountains of the Tyrol, and divide the N. plain of the Po into two sections by a most powerful barrier.
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Quadrille
a dance consisting of five figures or movements, executed by four sets of couples, each forming the side of a square. Also, the music composed for such a dance; and, a game of cards played by four persons with 40 cards, the tens, nines, and eights being thrown out from an ordinary pack.
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Quadroon
or QUARTERON, a person who is one-quarter negro and three-quarters white; that is, one of whose grandparents was white and the other negro; and one of whose immediate parents was white and the other mulatto.
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Quadrumana
in zoölogy, an order of mammalia, founded by Cuvier, and containing the monkeys, apes, baboons, and lemurs.
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Quadruped
the name popularly applied to those higher vertebrate animals which possess four developed limbs. The name is usually restricted to fourfooted mammals.
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Quadruple Alliance
an alliance, so called from the number of the contracting parties, concluded in 1718 between Great Britain, France, and Austria, and acceded to by Holland in 1719, for the maintenance of the peace of Utrecht. The occasion of the alliance was the seizure by Spain of Sardinia in 1717, and Sicily in 1718, both of which she was forced to give up. Another quadruple alliance was that of Austria, Russia, Great Britain, and Prussia, in 1814, originating in the coalition which had effected the dissolution of the French empire. QUÆSTOR, in Roman history, two quæstores parricidii, who acted as public prosecutors in cases of murder, or any capital offense, existed in Rome during the period of the kings. Two quæstores classici, who had charge of the public money, were first appointed about 485 B. C. The number was doubled b. c. 421, and it was decided that they should be chosen from the patricians and the plebeians. It was not, however, till 409
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