Range (Gunnery The horizontal)
in gunnery: (1) The horizontal distance to which a projectile is thrown. Strictly, it is the distance from the muzzle of the gun to the second intersection of the trajectory with the line of sight. A cannon lying horizontally is called the right level or point-blank range; when the muzzle is elevated to 45° it is called the utmost level. (2) A place where gun or rifle practice is carried on. In music, the whole ascending or descending series of sounds capable of being produced by a voice or instrument; the compass or register of a voice or instrument. In natural science, the geographical limits within which an animal or plant is now distributed, and the limits in point of time within which it has existed on the globe. The first is called range in space, and the second range in time. As a nautical term: (1) A length of cable a little in excess of the depth of water, ranged on deck ready to run out when the anchor is let go. (2) A large cleat in the waist for belaying the sheets and tacks of the courses.
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Ranger
HENRY WARD, an American landscape painter. He was born in 1858 in western New York. He developed his technique by the study of his art in the galleries of Europe, and speedily eliminated the faults of his earlier work till he came to be looked upon as the leader of the tonal school among painters of American landscapes. "Spring Woods" in the Metropolitan Museum, New York; "Sheep Pastures" in the Pennsylvania Academy; and "Top of the Hill" in Corcoran Gallery, Washington, are among the best examples of his art. He is represented in other American museums, received gold medals at Charleston and Philadelphia, and in 1906 became National Academician. He died in 1916.
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Ranjit Singh
the founder of the Sikh kingdom in the Punjab, India; born in Gujranwala, Nov. 2, 1780. He was the son of a Sikh chief. After the Shah of Afghanistan had given him the provof Lahore, he directed all his energies to the founding of a kingdom which should unite all the Sikh provinces under his own personal rule. He procured from an Afghan prince, as the price of his assistance in war, the famous Koh-inur diamond (see DIAMOND). He died June 27, 1839.
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Rank
. See Precedence
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Rank
a line of soldiers standing abreast or side by side; often used along with "file," which is a line running from the front to the rear of a company, battalion, or regiment, the term "rank and file," thus comprising the whole body of the common soldiers.
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Rannoch
LOCH, a lake of Perthshire, Scotland, 35 miles N. N. W. of Perth, ch, 11 miles long, and about 1 mile average breadth. It contains two islands and has an outlet for its waters in the Tummel, a tributary of the Tay.
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Ransdell
JOSEPH EUGENE, United States Senator from Louisiana; born in Alexandria, La., in 1858. He re- 867): ceived his education at Union College in New York State. In 1883 he was admitted to the bar in Louisiana, and practiced law until his election as a Democrat to the National House of Representatives in 1899. He represented his district in Congress 13 years until he was elected to the Se Senate, to which body he was re-elected in 1918. Senator Ransdell vigorously opposed the Underwood- Simmons Tariff bill as he considered it unfair to the sugar interests of his State. He was also active in furthering the interests of an American Merchant Marine and for improved waterways.
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Ransom
THOMAS EDWARD GREENFIELD, an American military officer; born in Norwich, Vt., Nov. 29, the Civil War he was an 1834. Before engineer in Illinois; became a lieutenantin July, 1861; was colonel of volunteers severely wounded at Fort Donelson in commanded a regiment at Shiloh 1862; in April, 1862; was promoted Brigadier- General in January, 1863; served under General Banks in the Red River expedition; and was severely wounded at Sa- Cross-Roads, La., in April, 1864. bine when his wound had healed he joined Sherman's army and took command of a division just before the capture of Atlanta, Sept. 2, 1864. He died in Rome, Ga., Oct. 29, 1864.
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Ransom (Ordinary language release)
in ordinary language, release from captivity or bondage by payment. Also the money paid for the release of a person from captivity, bondage, or slavery, or for the redemption of goods captured by an enemy. Or a price paid or offering made for procuring the pardon of sins, and the redemption of the sinner from the consequences of sin (Mark x: 45). Formerly, atonement, expiation. In feudal law, a sum paid for the pardon of some great offense, and the discharge of the offender; or a fine paid in lieu of corporal punishment.
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Ranters
a name given by way of reproach to a denomination of Christians which sprang up in 1645. They called RANUNCULACEÆ themselves "Seekers," the members maintaining that they were seeking for the true Church and its ordinances, and the Scriptures, which were lost. The name "Ranters" is also applied to the Primitive Methodists, who formed themselves into a society in 1810, and who were in favor of street preaching. RANUNCULACEÆ, crowfoots; an order of hypogynous exogens. Herbs, rarely shrubs, leaves often much divided, with dilated, half-clasping petioles, often with processes like stipules. stipules. Flowers typically polypetalous, large, gailycolored, sometimes apetalous, but with colored sepals. Found in cold damp places in Europe, North America, etc. They are acrid, and often poisonous. Tribes: Clemateæ, Anemonese, Ranunculeæ, Helleboreæ, and Actæeæ.
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Ranz de Vaches
ron da vash, the strain which the Alpine herdsman blows on his alpenhorn when he drives out his herds from the valleys to the higher pastures. The words mean, "chime of the cows." The air is simple and somewhat irregular, but, as it echoes in the mountains, produces a striking and very pleasing effect. Rape of the Lock. See Pope ; Alexander
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Rap
familiar in the phrase "not a rap," a counterfeit Irish coin of the time of George I., which passed for a halfpenny, though not really worth a fourth of that value. There was also a small Swiss coin called "rappen," worth a centime.
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