Regiomontanus
a German astronomer, whose real name was Johann Müller; born in Königsberg (in Latin Regiomontum, whence came his name), in Franconia, June 6, 1436. He was educated at Leipsic; studied mathematics at Vienna; accompanied_Cardinal Bessarion to Rome, where Beza gave him further instructions in Greek literature, which enabled him to complete a new abridgment in Latin of the Almagest of Ptolemen In 1471 he built an observa- Ptolemy. tory at Nuremberg, but he returned to Rome on the invitation of Sixtus IV., who employed him in the reformation of the calendar. His "Kalendarium Novum" (New Calendar) is believed to be the first almanac issued in Europe. He died July 6, 1476.
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Register
a device for automatically indicating the number of revolutions made or amount of work done by machinery; or recording steam, air, or water pressure, or other data, by means of apparatus deriving motion from the object or objects whose force, distance, velocity, direction, elevation, or numerical amount it is desired to ascertain. There are various special appliances of this kind, each particularly adapted for the peculiar operation which is to be investigated; many depending on the action of clock-work mechanism, others, as in registering meteorological instruments, ments, having having means for recording varying conditions, as with the the anemometer, barograph, etc. In music, the compass of a voice or instrument, or a portion of the compass of a voice; as, the upper, middle, or lower register. Also, an organ stop, or the knob or handle by means of which the performer commands any given stop. In printing, the agreement of two printed forms to be applied to the same sheet, either on the same or the respective sides thereof. The former is used in chromatic printing, where a number of colors are laid on consecutively.
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Registration
a modern social or civil system pertaining to births, marriages, and deaths, variously regulated in different countries. In England, parish registers of baptisms, marriages, and burials were instituted by Lord Cromwell while he was vicar-general to Henry VIII., and subsequently regulated by various acts of Parliament. No thorough system, however, existed till in 1836 a Registration Act was passed applicable to England and Wales , which has been amended by subsequent acts. In the United States, there is no national law on the subject, such regulations being made by States, municipalities, or religious bodies.
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Regnal Years
the years a sovereign has reigned, numbered successively, and used for chronological purposes, as in the enumeration of acts of Parliament. The practice of dating a new reign from the day following the last of the late king's reign has generally been adopted since the reign of Richard II., but before this time a reign was generally considered to begin with some act of sovereignty.
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Regnauld
One of the first French clockmakers who attempted to compensate a clock against the effects of heat and cold.
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Regular Clergy
the term applied in the Roman Catholic Church to priests who have taken the vows, and who are bound to follow the rules of some monastic order, as opposed to the secular clergy, that is parish priests, etc. , not connected with any of the orders.
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Regulator
The small steel hand or lever to the shorter end of which the curb pins are attached, and which by moving from side to side practically shortens the hairspring. (See Curb Pins.) 2. A standard clock having a compensating pendulum and used for timing watches and clocks. REID, THOMAS. Born in 1750 and died in 1834. He was a celebrated Scotch horologist and the author of a treaties on watch and clockmaking.
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Regurgitation
the flowing back into the vessels of the heart of the blood which had just left them . It is the result of valvular disease of the heart. It is of three kinds: aortal, mitral, and tricuspid regurgitation.
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Rehan
ADA, an American actress ; born in Limerick , Ireland, April 22, 1860. In 1865 she came with her parents to the United States. She first appeared on the stage in Newark, N. J., when 14 years old. In 1879 she joined Augustin Daly's company. She frequently played before London audiences , and also in France and in Germany. Miss Rehan created over 40 rôles in comedy . Among her best known personations are Katherine , in "The Taming of the Shrew "; Rosalind, in "As You Like It"; Viola, in "Twelfth Night"; Maid Marian, in "The Foresters"; etc. She only acted occasionally after 1889. Died 1916.
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Reheating-furnace
These furnaces, although used for various purposes, are all of the reverberatory type, similar to a puddling-furnace. They are used for heating wrought-iron piles, blooms, billets, etc., and the ingots, slabs, blooms, etc., of steel, to the temperature suitable for hammering or rolling. They are sometimes called balling-furnaces. See REVERBERATORY FURNACE. Relievo, or Rilievo, is a term applied to works in sculpture and the fine arts where figures are made to project from the ground or body on which they are formed and to which they remain attached. It is Basso-rilievo when the figures project only slightly from the ground, Mezzo-rilievo when they stand out half their natural proportions, and Alto-rilievo, or high relief, when the figures are so prominent from the ground that merely a small part of them remains attached. See INTAGLIO.
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Reichenberg
the chief seat of the cloth manufacture in north Bohemia; on the Neisse river; 52 miles N. E. of Prague. Some 10,000 workmen are employed; cotton and woolen fabrics, machinery, and leather are manufactured. The cloth industry was establised here in the 16th century. Pop. about 40,000.
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Reichsrath
the representative council of the former Empire of Austria. See AUSTRIA.
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Reichstadt
NAPOLEON FRAN- COIS CHARLES JOSEPH, DUKE DE. See NAPOLEON II.
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Reigate
a thriving market-town S of Surrey, England; 21 miles S. of London. Of the castle of the Earls of Warrenne little remains save a grassy mound. The church contains the grave of Lord Howard of Effingham, and a library (1701) with some curious MSS. and many of Evelyn's books. Foxe, the Fo martyrologist, lived here, and here Archbishop Usher died. Pop. about 30,000.
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