Each of these 14 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
a period of the French Revolution, conspicuous for its horrors and cruelties. It is generally 1.17 considered to extend from Jan. 21 , 1793, the date of the execution of Louis XIV., to July 28, 1794, when Robespierre and other sanguinary leaders were guillotined on the spot where their victims had been killed. REIMS. See RHEIMS.
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JOSEPH, a French statesman and journalist. Born in 1856, he was educated at the University of Paris and admitted to the bar in 1877. From 1881-1882 he was private secretary to Gambetta. In 1886 he became part owner of a newspaper called "République Française." Three years later he was chosen as a Liberal-Republican member of the House of Deputies. He took a great interest in the defense of Dreyfus and has published an authoritative history of the case. So bitterly did he wage war in behalf of his republican ideas that he was at one time expelled from his captaincy in the army and deprived of the Legion of Honor.
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a lichen, the Cladonia Cenomyce rangiferina, or rangiferina, which forms the winter food of the reindeer. It is abundant in the pine forests of Lapland, and flourishes even when they have been burnt. Reindeer feed upon it and dig for it when it is covered by snow. It tastes like wheat bran, but leaves a slightly burning sensation on the palate. It is the badge of the clan Mackenzie. See LICHENS.
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CHARLES STANLEY, ام an American artist; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16, 1844; went to Paris in 1867, where he studied at the Atelier Suisse, and to Munich in 1868, where he attended the Royal Academy. In 1870 he entered the publishing house of Harper & Brothers, New York City, remaining there till 1876. After five years of independent art work he returned to Harpers in 1881, and in the same year went to Paris where he resided till 1886. He exhibited in Paris, Munich, and New York City. His paintings include "September Mo Morning"; "; "Coast of Normandy"; "In a Garden"; and "Washed Ashore." He died in Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 30, 1896.
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a tetragonal mineral occurring in octahedrons. Hardness, 4.0; sp. gr., 66.40; luster, dull; color, blackishbrown; streak, brown, opaque. Composition: Tungstic acid, 76.31; protoxide of iron, 23.68 = 99.99; formula as in Wolframite, FeWO4. Found at Kimbosan, Kei, Japan.
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PAUL SAMUEL, an American educator; born in Milwaukee, Wis., in 1869; was graduated at the University of Wisconsin in 1892 and at its Law Department in 1894. After studying abroad, he was Professor of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin 1899-1913. Minister to China "The 1913-1919. Publications include Common Law in the Early American Colonies" (1899); "World Politics at the End of the Nineteenth Century as Influenced by the Oriental Situation" (1900); "Colonial Government" (1901); "Colonial Administration" (1905); "Intellectual Currents in Far East" (1911).
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a Turkish title for various persons of authority, as for instance the captain of a ship. Reis Effendi was formerly the title of the Turkish chancellor of the empire and minister of foreign affairs.
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a kind of inlaid cabinet work, on the principle of BUHL (q. v.), but differing in being composed of woods of contrasted color; r; named after its inventor, Reisner, a German workman in the time of Louis XIV.
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a discharge of a right; an instrument in writing, by which estates, rights, titles, entries, actions, and other things are extinguished, and discharged, and sometimes transferred, abridged, or enlarged; and, in general, a person's giving up or discharging the right or action he has, or claims to have, against another or his lands. In mechanics, the opening of the exhaust port of the steam lessen the back pressure.
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a depository for a relic or relics; a casket or case in which relics are kept.
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in law, an estate in remainder may be defined to be an estate limited to take effect and be enjoyed after another estate is determined. Thus if a man seized in fee simple grants lands to A for 20 years, or other period, and, after the determination of the said term, then to B and his heirs forever, here A is tenant for years, with remainder to B, since an estate for years is created out of the fee, and given to A, and the residue or remainder to B. Also in publishing, an edition, the sale of which has practically ceased, and which is cleared by the trade at a reduced price.
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JUNIUS BENJA- MIN, an American clergyman; born in Staunton, Va., Feb. 24, 1843; was graduated at Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, in 1861, and at its theological seminary in 1865; was ordained in the Lutheran Church in 1 hurch in 1865; held a charge in Philadelphia in 1865-1874, and in Savannah, Ga., in 1874-1880. In the latter year he was called to St. James' Lutheran Church in New York. His publications include " (1874); "Doom Eternal"; "Lutheran Heavenward" Literature "; "Work and Personality of Luther"; "Six Days of Creation"; "What the World Owes to Luther" (1917); "Lights on the Shadows of Life" (1919).
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EDOUARD, a Hungaviolinist rian ; born in Heves, Hungary, in 1830; received a musical education at the Vienna Conservatory. In 1851, after the Hungarian revolution, he was forced to flee to the United States, but returned Europe to in 1853. In 1854 he visited London, where he was appointed solo violinist to Queen Victoria. In 1860 he obtained his amnesty and returned to Hungary, where he attained to great distinction . In 1865 he went to Paris, achieving there a tremendous success. Thenceforth he made repeated concert tours on the Continent and in England. In 1878 he returned to the United States, where he spent much of his time and gave many concerts. He died in San Francisco, Cal., May 15, 1898.
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GEORGE COLLIER, an American naval officer; born in Burlington, Ia., Aug. 10, 1841; was graduated at the United States Naval Academy in 1859; served with distinction during the Civil War, and was captured during the assault on Fort Sumter, in 1863. When the war with Spain broke out he was placed in command of the naval base at Key West, Fla. He was promoted rearadmiral in 1898, and in 1900 was given command of the Asiatic Station at Yokohama, where he directed the operations Vol. VII-Cyc. of the United States naval forces in China .
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