Riding
the art of sitting on horseback with firmness, ease, and gracefulness, and of guiding the horse and keeping him under perfect command. The art of ridi riding may be divided into (1) ordinary riding, (2) school riding, (3) (3) circus riding, and (4) side-saddle riding. The two objects aimed at in ordinary riding (which includes riding on the road, hunting, pig-sticking, stock-driving, breaking in young and freshly handled horses, playing polo, race and steeplechase riding) are to remain in the saddle and to make the animal carry its rider with the greatest possible ease to itself.
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Ridley
NICHOLAS, an English clergyman, Bishop of London in the reigns of Edward VI. and his successor Mary; born about the commencement of the 16th century, and was educated at Cambridge. He afterward traveled on the Continent for three years, and on his return filled the office of proctor to Cambridge University. In 1547 he was chosen to the see of Rochester, and in 1550 superseded Bonner as Bishop of London. On the death of Edward he was involved in an attempt to secure the Protestant ascendency by placing the Lady Jane Grey on the throne. This, together with his connection with Cranmer, led to his being tried for heresy, and condemned to the stake. This sentence he underwent with the greatest fortitude, in company with his friend and fellow-sufferer Latimer, Oct. 16, 1555, in Oxford.
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Ridpath
JOHN CLARK, an American educator; born in Putnam co., Ind., April 26, 1840; was graduated at Indiana Asbury University in 1863; and later held a professorship in Baker University, Kansas. In 1869 he became Professor of English Literature at Asbury University, Indiana, and was elected its vicepresident in 1879. Through his influence the endowment of nearly $2,000,000 was bestowed on the university by Mr. De- Pauw, whose name it now bears. In 1874-1875 he published a "History of the United States" which he supplemented with another in 1877. In 1876 he issued a "School History," and in 1879 an "English Grammar." Desiring to devote his whole time to literature, he resigned his university offices. In 1881, he published the "Life of Garfield," a "Life of J. G. Blaine" in 1848, a "Cyclopædia of History" in 1880-1884, a "History of Texas" in 1884, "Great Races of Mankind" in 1894, "Life and Times of Gladstone" (1898), and "A History of the United States" (8 vols. 1900). He died in New York City, Aug. 1, 1900.
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Riel
LOUIS, a Canadian insurgent, son of the half-breed leader of the Metis Indians who rebelled against Canadian rule; born in St. Boniface, Oct. 23, 1844. He was secretary of the Metis national organization, and later the president of their provisio provisional government at Fort Garry in the Northwestern Territory. He Nor led the Metis' Red River rebellion in 1869, which was subdued by a Canadian force under General Wolseley. He fled from the territory to escape arrest, and returned after peace terms had been arranged. He was elected to the Dominion Parliament in 1873, but was not allowed to take his seat. Again he incited rebellion, but it assumed only small proportions and was subdued by the Canadian Government. His attempt to create resistance in 1885 was more successful, but the rebellion was overthrown by General Middleton's forces. Riel was captured, tried for treason, and was sentenced to death. It was generally believed by French Canadians that Riel was insane. He was executed, Nov. 16, 1885, at Regina in the Northwestern Territory.
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Riesa
Germany, a town situated on the Elbe, in Saxony, 33 miles northwest of Dresden by rail. It is an important railway junction. One of the steel and stone bridges in Gerfinest many spans the river at this point. The harbor accommodates a great eat volume of ble shipbuilding shipping, and considerable is carried on here. Iron foundries and machine shops add to the industries of the town. Pop. about 20,000.
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Riesengebirge
or Giants' Mountains, a mountain range of Europe, separating Silesia and Moravia, till it joins the Carpathians; but the from Bohemia name is properly applied to that part of this range which lies between the sources of the Neisse and the Bober. It contains the loftiest mountains of the N. or central parts of Germany, the Schneekoppe being 5,257 feet high. The geological structure of the range consists of granite, gneiss and mica slate, and in the valleys there are coal and basaltic strata.
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Riff
a name given to the coast districts of northern Morocco extending from Ceuta to the W. frontier of Algiers, and forming a line of steep cliffs with few harbors. Its Berber inhabitants were formerly much addicted to savage piracy.
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Rifle-Bird
the Ptilorhis paradisa, often spoken of as one of the "Birds of Paradise"; is perhaps the best-known ing to species of a genus which, according Elliot, comprises four species confined to Australia and to New Guinea. P. paradiseus inhabits the S. E. districts of Australia, and is found only in very thick "bush." The male is regarded as more splendid in plumage than any other Australian bird. The upper parts are velvety black, tinged with purple; the under parts velvety black, diversified with olivegreen. The crown of the head and the throat are covered with innumerable little specks of emerald green of most brilliant luster. The tail is black, the two central feathers rich metallic green. The female, as is often the case, is much duller colored than her mate.
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Riggs
ELIAS, an American missionary and linguist, born Nov. 19, 1810, at New Providence, N. J. He published Armenian and Bulgarian translations of the Bible. He died Jan. 17, 1901.
KATE DOUGLAS WIGGIN. See WIGGIN, KATE DOUGLAS.
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Riggs, Mrs. Kate Douglas Wiggin
Mrs. Kate Douglas Wiggin (1857-), an American author. Her maiden name was Kate Douglas Smith. She was born in Philadelphia and received her education at Abbot Academy, Andover, Massachusetts. She early showed strong sympathy with children. It was through her efforts that free kindergartens for the poor were established on the Pacific Coast. In 1880 she was married to A. B. Wiggin, a lawyer (died 1889), and moved to New York . Much of her writing has been either for or about children. Her reputation as a writer was won by The Birds' Christmas Carol, a story of mingled humor and pathon. Other stories are Timothy's Quest, The Story of Patsy, Polly Oliver's Problem, Penelope's Progress, and Rebecca of Sunny-brook Farm. In collaboration with her sister, Nora Smith, she has written The Story Hour, a collection of short stories, and Golden Numbers, a collection of poems for children. In 1895 Mrs. Wiggin married George C. Riggs, but she still writes under the name of Kate Douglas Wiggin.
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