Ragwort
the Senecio jacobæa, producing yellow flowers. Common by roadsides and in pastures.
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Single-source entries: R (5)
Each of these 15 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Rahway
a city in Union co., N. J.: on the Rahway river, and on the Pennsylvania railroad, 19 miles S. W. of New York. The city has a public library, high school, about 20 churches, several banks, and a number of weekly newsof railroad papers. It has manufactures signals, carriages, printing presses, hubs and spokes, clothing, and shoes, a large printing and bookbinding establishment. Pop. (1910) 9,337; (1920) 11,042.
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Rai Bareli
or RAI BAREILLY, a town and district of India; 48 miles S. E. of Lucknow; has a large brick fort (15th century), a magnificent palace and tomb of a former ru ruler, and some fine mosques. Pop. town (1911), 18,798. The district is part of the province Oudh and Agra. Area, 1,751 square miles. Pop. about 1,100,000.
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Raian Meris
a lake basin, or ancient storage reservoir, in the Fayûm, Middle Egypt. It is long since dried up, but the statements of Herodotus, Strabo, and others show that the Nile has been regulated by ilizing depression in the desert corresponding in shape and situation to the Raïan basin. A proposal to reconstruct this reservoir, by means of which an immense area might be brought under irrigation, engages attention. See MERIS, LAKE.
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Raiatea
one of the Society Islands in southeastern Polynesia; area, 75 square miles. Exports cotton and copra. Pop. about 23,000.
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Raiidae
the family of fishes to position between the Christian powers which the rays (skate, etc.) belong. See
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Rail Wagon
a combination vehicle so constructed as to be readily convertible for use on any ordinary roadway or on a railroad track. It was invented by Joseph C. Brown, of Toledo, O., in 1898.
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Railroad Clocks
B. L. Vulliamy, 8vo, London, 1845. Treatise on Clock and Watch Making, Theoretical and Practical. Thomas Reid. 8vo, Edinburgh, 1826. Reprint, Philadelphia, 1832. Reprint, London, 1847.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
Railroads
U. S. (See UNITED STATES, 1921-1922.) RAIN MAKING. The vital importance of rainfall to crops and so to life and prosperity in general has made the in making one of problem of artificial rain Aside perennial interest and concern. from unfounded popular ideas, there have been many scientific proposals made, based upon knowledge of the nature of rainfall; but the only result of experiments thus far has been to establish the fact minds that while in the of scientists it may be possible to produce atmospheric raindrops on a small scale, any effort to create the necessary conditions of rain on the large scale of nature would be altogether disproportionate to the results, if not actually impossible. The principal R method employed by would-be rain makers thus far has been the detonation of explosives in the upper air. In 1891, Gen. Robert Dyrenforth, acting in behalf of the U. S. Department of Ag: iculture, conducted extensive experiments with gases and explosives in Tex Texas, the results of which, while not quite decisive, were regarded by the scientific world as failures. More recently, the late C. W. Post conducted similar experiments in Texas and Michigan (1912). No rain was obtained in these experiments except what was duly foretold by regular weather reports.
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Raimondi
MARCANTONIO, an Italian engraver; born in Bologna, Italy, the 15th century. A goldsmith by trade, late in ade, y he early turned to engraving, received his first great stimulus from woodcuts of Albrecht Dürer, which he saw at Venice about 1505. At Rome, where he worked from 1510, he was chiefly engaged in engraving Raphael's works, as "Lucretia," the "Massacre of the Innocents," the "Three Doctors of the Church," "Adam and Eve," "Dido," "Poetry," the "Judgment of Paris," etc., and subsequently those of Raphael's pupil, Giulio Romano. He is accounted the best among the engravers of the great painter. He died some time before 1534.
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Rain
in meteorology, the fall of water in drops from the clouds, or the drops which fall. A cloud consists of aqueous vapor, the individual vesicles of which are very small. When by the constant condensation of fresh aqueous vapor these vesicles become large and heavy, and several of them unite, they are unable to resist the action of gravity and fall as rain. In geology, the direct action of rain, as distinguished from its indirect one in creating streams, rivers, etc., is a potent aqueous cause. In many places, however, its effect is much diminished by the protective influence over the soil exerted by the vegetation. Penetrating into crevices of rocks, it is frozen and splits them. Moreover, in passing through the atmosphere, it absorbs a considerable amount of carbon dioxide, which enables it to transform the carbonate of lime in limestone rocks into the soluble bicarbonate, and ultimately waste them away; it acts also on feldspar, etc.
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Rain Prints
indentations produced in geological times by raindrops on sedimentary strata when the latter were soft.
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Rain Tree
a leguminous tree of tropical America, now largely planted in India for the shade it furnishes, and because it flourishes in barren salt-impregnated soils, ed soils, as well as for its sweet pulpy pods, which are greedily eaten by cattle. Another species, P. dulce, has also been introduced into India, its pods also being edible.
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Raines Liquor Law
an act passed in 1896 by the Legislature of New York. It abolished excise boards; license to anyone not a criminal; raised cost of license from $250 to $800 in New York City; divided license fees between State and county in ratio of 1 to 2; per mitted local option in towns but not in cities; no renewal within 200 feet of school or church without consent of twothirds of owners; revoked license on individual complaint; forfeited license not renewed within five years; interior of saloons exposed to view when closed on Sundays; no free lunches; restaurants not to serve drinks with meals on Sunday; imposed penalty of six months to one year and twice license fee for selling without a license.
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Rainier
MOUNT, a mountain of volcanic origin, the highest in the State of Washington, 14,520 feet high. It is a part of the coast range near Puget Sound, E. of Tacoma, and is sometimes called by the name of the city. The first ascent was made in 1870. There are several glaciers on this mountain, and it has a well-defined crater, which induces the belief that it is an extinct volcano.
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