Rosamond
the mistress of Henry II. of England. She was the daughter of Walter de Clifford, a knight of property in various shires. Almost everything else related to Rosamond is legendary. The fable of the dagger and poison with which the jealous Queen Eleanor is said to have sought out her rival has not been traced higher than a ballad of 1611. She died in 1176 or 1177, and was buried in the Church of Godstow Nunnery, whence, however, Hugh of Lincoln caused her body to be removed in 1191.
commonly called FAIR
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Rosaniline
in chemistry, H2N-C6H4>C<一 C20H19N3H2N C6H4 NH. a red dye, occurring in commerce under the names of aniline red, azaleine, fuchsine, magenta, roseine, etc. It is prepared by heating a mixture of dry arsenic acid and aniline to 140°, for six or eight hours. It forms colorless crystalline plates, which are colored red on exposure to the air, insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol. The aniline reds used in dyeing are generally monoacid salts of rosaniline more or less pure.
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Rosario
the third city of the Argentine Republic, and the largest in Santa Fé; on the W. bank of the Paraná, 190 miles N. W. of Buenos Ayres. It has an excellent harbor, and carries on a large commerce direct with Europe; the exports exceed $100,000,000. The houses for the most part are of a single story; for the rest, the city is laid out, on a smaller scale, on the lines of Buenos Ayres, with narrow streets, few and paltry plazas, and only one monument of note-a lofty marble shaft (1883) bearing a figure of Victory and surrounded by four statues. ways run in every direction, and there is a telephone to Buenos Ayres. The city possesses an exchange, a theater, a great bull-ring, two markets, hospitals, steam elevators, a sugar factory, etc. Rosario was founded in 1725. Pop. about 250,000.
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Rosary Sunday
the first Sunday in October; a feast instituted by Gregory XIII. for the Confraternity of the Rosary, and made of universal observance after the victory of the Emperor Charles VI. over the Turks, in gratitude to the Blessed Virgin. An impetus has been given to the devotion of the rosary by Leo Leo XIII., who enjoined its daily use in public during October. Roses are blessed and distributed as souvenirs, and the rosary is recited continually during the day.
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Roscius
QUINTUS, the most celebrated comic actor at Rome; born a slave about 134 b. c. He realized an enormous fortune by his acting, and was raised to the equestrian rank by Sulla. He enjoyed the friendship of Cicero, who in his early years received instruction from the great actor. Roscius died about 62 b. c.
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Roscoe
WILLIAM, an English historian; born in Mt. Pleasant, Liverpool, England, March 8, 1753. His most important work, "The Life of Lorenzo de' Medici" (1796), did much toward stimulating English interest in Italian literature. His "The Butterfly's Ball and the Grasshopper's Feast" (1807), a nursery classic in verse, attracted the attention of the king and queen, and was set to music for the young princesses. Among his many other works may be named: "A General View of the African Slave Trade" (1788); "The Life and Pontificate of Leo the Tenth" (1805); and "On the Origin and Vicissitudes of Literature, Science and Art" (1817). He died in Toxteth Park, Liverpool, June 30, 1831.
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Roscommon
an inland county of Connaught, Ireland, called after Comon, a founder of monasteries and schools in the eighth century. The area is 949 square miles. The surface is fertile and is watered by the Shannon river. The plain of Boyle in the center, celebrated for sheep, is full of historical landmarks, and at Croaghon, formerly Rath Cruachain, the ancient burial-place of the kings of Connaught, still stands the pillar stone of King Dathi, killed in the Alps, 428 A. D. Sheep and cattle raising and agriculture are highly developed. The capital is Roscommon. Pop. about 90,000.
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Rose Apple
or MALABAR PLUM, a tree of the genus Eugenia, the E. Jambos, belonging to the natural order Myrtaceæ. It is a branching tree, a native of the East Indies. The fruit is about the size of a hen's egg, is rose-scented, and has the flavor of an apricot. ROSE, ATTAR OF. See ATTAR.
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Rose Chafer
an injurious beetle, whose grubs destroy the roots of strawberries and other plants, while the adults spoil the flowers of roses, strawberries, and seed turnips. The eggs are laid in the ground; the full-grown grubs are whitish and about an inch and a half in length, after two or three years they pupate inside earthen cocoons. The adults, which are well able to fly from place to place, measure about an inch in length, are golden green above, coppery with a tint of rose beneath. The "rosebug" of the Eastern United States is another beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), a voracious pest which destroys the flowers of rosaceous plants.
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Rose Cutter
A hollow cutter, as shown in Fig. 276, used for reducing the size of wire, as in forming heads when making screws.
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Rose Polytechnic Institute
an engineering school founded at Terre Haute, Ind., in 1874, and opened for students in 1883. It has courses in mechanical, electrical, civil, architectural, and chemical engineering. There were in 1920 about 240 students. The productive funds amounted to nearly $1,000,000. Acting president, John White, Ph.D.
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Rose Window
a circular window, divided into compartments by mullions and tracery radiating from a center, also called Catharine wheel and marigold window according to modifications of the design. It forms a fine feature in the church architecture of the 13th and 14th centuries, and is mostly employed in the triangular spaces of gables. Some examples, as that of Rheims Cathedral, are over 40 feet in diameter.
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Rosebay
in botany, the popular name of the genus Rhododendron.
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Rosedale
a city of Kansas, in Wyandotte co. It adjoins Kansas City, Kansas, on the N., and Kansas City, Missouri, on the E., and forms practically a part of Greater Kansas City. Pop. (1910) 5,960; (1920) 7,674.
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Roselle
a borough of New Jersey, in Union co., on the Lehigh Valley, the Central of New Jersey, and the Rahway Valley railroads. Its principal industry is the manufacture of hydraulic machinery. Its notable buildings include a high school and a borough hall. Pop. (1910) 2,725; (1920) 5,737.
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