Raimondi
MARCANTONIO, an Italian engraver; born in Bologna, Italy, the 15th century. A goldsmith by trade, late in ade, y he early turned to engraving, received his first great stimulus from woodcuts of Albrecht Dürer, which he saw at Venice about 1505. At Rome, where he worked from 1510, he was chiefly engaged in engraving Raphael's works, as "Lucretia," the "Massacre of the Innocents," the "Three Doctors of the Church," "Adam and Eve," "Dido," "Poetry," the "Judgment of Paris," etc., and subsequently those of Raphael's pupil, Giulio Romano. He is accounted the best among the engravers of the great painter. He died some time before 1534.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Rain
in meteorology, the fall of water in drops from the clouds, or the drops which fall. A cloud consists of aqueous vapor, the individual vesicles of which are very small. When by the constant condensation of fresh aqueous vapor these vesicles become large and heavy, and several of them unite, they are unable to resist the action of gravity and fall as rain. In geology, the direct action of rain, as distinguished from its indirect one in creating streams, rivers, etc., is a potent aqueous cause. In many places, however, its effect is much diminished by the protective influence over the soil exerted by the vegetation. Penetrating into crevices of rocks, it is frozen and splits them. Moreover, in passing through the atmosphere, it absorbs a considerable amount of carbon dioxide, which enables it to transform the carbonate of lime in limestone rocks into the soluble bicarbonate, and ultimately waste them away; it acts also on feldspar, etc.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Rain Prints
indentations produced in geological times by raindrops on sedimentary strata when the latter were soft.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Rain Tree
a leguminous tree of tropical America, now largely planted in India for the shade it furnishes, and because it flourishes in barren salt-impregnated soils, ed soils, as well as for its sweet pulpy pods, which are greedily eaten by cattle. Another species, P. dulce, has also been introduced into India, its pods also being edible.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Raines Liquor Law
an act passed in 1896 by the Legislature of New York. It abolished excise boards; license to anyone not a criminal; raised cost of license from $250 to $800 in New York City; divided license fees between State and county in ratio of 1 to 2; per mitted local option in towns but not in cities; no renewal within 200 feet of school or church without consent of twothirds of owners; revoked license on individual complaint; forfeited license not renewed within five years; interior of saloons exposed to view when closed on Sundays; no free lunches; restaurants not to serve drinks with meals on Sunday; imposed penalty of six months to one year and twice license fee for selling without a license.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Rainier
MOUNT, a mountain of volcanic origin, the highest in the State of Washington, 14,520 feet high. It is a part of the coast range near Puget Sound, E. of Tacoma, and is sometimes called by the name of the city. The first ascent was made in 1870. There are several glaciers on this mountain, and it has a well-defined crater, which induces the belief that it is an extinct volcano.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Rainsford
WILLIAM STEPHEN, an American clergyman; born in Dublin, Ireland, Oct. 30, 1850; was graduated at St. John's College, Cambridge, England, in 1872; was curate of St. Giles' Church, Norwich, England, in 1873- 1876; made missionary tours in the United States and Canada; was assistant rector of St. James Cathedral, in Toronto, in 1878-1882; and became rector of St. George's Church, New York City, in 1888. His publications include "Sermons Preached in St. George's" and "The Church's Opportunity in the City of Today"; "Preacher's Story of his Work" (1901); "The Reasonableness of the Religion of Jesus" (1908). He did much to supply wholesome recreation for the young of both sexes in the vicinity of his church, who were without the means to secure it for themselves.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Rainy Lake
a sheet of water forming a portion of the boundary line between Ontario and the United States, W., and 100 miles distant from the nearest point of Lake Superior, and about 50 miles long. It discharges by Rainy river into Lake of the Woods.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Raisin
a dried grape. Two methods of drying are followed. Sun-raisins are cured by cutting the stalk of the ripened cluster partly through, and allowing the grapes to hang and dry in the sun before they are picked and packed in boxes for shipment. This is the old-world method. Spain, Asia Minor , and the islands of the Grecian Archipelago produce the finest raisins. Greece devotes 168,000 acres to raising a small seedless grape for raisins. Over 100,000 tons of these raisins are shipped annually. As these grapes were shipped mostly from Corinth they received the name "corinths," which became "currant," just as "Worcester" became "Wooster." California cures enormous quantities of raisins by drying the clusters on especially prepared floors. It is worth while to notice the markings on raisin boxes in groceries to learn where they have been produced. The importance of California raisins may be understood from the fact that while, in 1885, California produced a little over 9,000,000 pounds, and we imported over 53,000,000 pounds, in 1902 California produced 100,000,000, and we imported less than 7,000,000 pounds. See Grapes; Greece ; California
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Raisin River
a stream rising in Hillsdale co., Mich., and falling into Lake Erie, 2½ miles below Monroe, after a circuitous course of about 130 miles.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Raisins
grapes dried in the sun. In the case of the best grapes the process is effected by cutting half through the fruit stalk without detaching it from the tree, or by gathering the grapes when fully ripe and dipping them in a lye made of the ashes of the burned tendrils, after which they are exposed to the sun, or they may be simply laid out to be desiccated. Inferior qualities are dried in an oven. Raisins are extensively produced in California. They are slightly refrigerant. In Europe and the United States they are used solely to sweeten preparations, in India they are given as medicine. They are an ingredient of compound tincture of cardamoms and tincture of senna.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia