Ropes
JOHN CODMAN, an American historian; born in St. Petersburg, Russia, ia, April 28, 1836; was graduated at Harvard in 1857; 1857; studied at the Harvard law school, and was admitted to the bar in 1861. Largely through his influence the United States Government began the collection and preservation of information relating to the Civil War, and he organized the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts. Besides contributions to this society and to periodicals, he wrote: "The Army under Pope" (1881); "The First Napoleon" (1885); "The Campaign of Waterloo"; "Atlas of Waterloo"; and "The Story of the Civil War." He died in Boston, Mass., Oct. 28, 1899.
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Roraima
a celebrated mountain in South America, where the boundaries of British Guiana, Venezuela, and Brazil meet, 8,580 feet high, flat-topped, with steep, rocky sides, rendering the summit almost inaccessible.
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Rorer
SARAH TYSON, an American domestic economist and writer, born at Richboro, Pa. She was educated at the East Aurora Academy, and in 1871 married W. Albert Rorer. She was for 33 years lecturer on food, health, and disease, and a writer on domestic science. From 1886 to 1892 she was editor and part owner of "Table Talk," and from 1893 to 1897 was the editor of "Household News." From 1897 to 1911 she was on the staff of the "Ladies' Home Journal," and from the latter date devoted all her time to lecturing on domestic science. She was the author of many books on cookery which obtained a wide sale and
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Rorqual
the name given to certain whales, closely allied to the common or whalebone whales, but distinguished by having a dorsal fin, with the throat and under parts wrinkled with deep longitudinal folds, which are supposed to be susceptible of great dilatations, but the use of which is as yet unknown. Two or three species are known, but they are rather avoided on account of their ferocity, the shortness and coarseness of their baleen or whalebone, and the small quantity of oil they produce. The N. rorqual (Balænoptera boops) attains a great size, being found from 80 to over 100 feet in length, and is thus the largest living animal known. The rorqual feeds on cod, herring, pilchards, and other fish, in pursuing which it is not seldom stranded on the shore.
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Rosa
CARL AUGUST NICHOLAS, originally Rose, a German opera manager and violinist; born in Hamburg, Germany, March 22, 1842. He was educated at the Leipsic Conservatory for a violinist, and appeared at the Crystal Palace in London, March 10, 1866. He soon came to the United States, where during a concert tour he met and married (in New York, in February, 1867) Mme. Parepa; formed an opera company, including Mme. Parepa-Rosa, Wachtel, Santley, Ronconi, and Formes, traveling as far as California. After his wife's death (1874), he organized in London an English opera company with which he produced nearly a score of popular operas not previously given in English. He died in Paris, France, April 30, 1889. See PAREPA-ROSA.
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Rosa (MONTE a mountain or group)
MONTE, a mountain or group of the Pennine Alps, on the frontiers of the Swiss canton of Valais and Piedmont, and forming part of the watershed between the Rhône and the Po. Next to Mont Blanc it is the highest mountain in the Alps, but as a group it is much more massive than the Mont Blanc group. It has eight summits above 14,000 feet, the highest being Dufourspitze (15,217), ascended for the first time in 1855. Of the huge glaciers that occupy the slopes of this mountain the chief are the Görner Glacier on the W., the Schwarzberg and Findelen Glaciers on the N., the N., the S Sesia and Macugnaga Glaciers on the E., and the Lys Glacier on the S.
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Rosa (SALVATOR an Italian painter)
SALVATOR, an Italian painter, etcher and poet; born near Naples, Italy, June 20, 1615. He received instruction in art from his brother-in-law, Francesco Fracanzaro, a pupil of Ribera, but his taste and skill were more influenced by his studies of nature on the Neapolitan coast. Rosa's father, dying in 1632, left his family in difficulties, and Salvator was compelled to sell his landscapes for small sums. One of his pictures fell into the hands of the painter Lanfranco, who at once recognized the genius of the youth and encouraged him to go to Rome. In 1638 Rosa settled in Rome, where he soon established his reputation and rose to fame and wealth. The bitterness of his satire, expressed both in his satirical poems and in an allegorical painting of ROSACEÆ the "Wheel of Fortune" rendered his stay in Rome inadvisable. He therefore accepted an invitation to Florence (1642), where he remained nearly nine years under the protection of the Medici. He finally returned to Rome. Salvator Rosa SALVATOR ROSA delighted in romantic landscape, delineating scenes of gloomy grandeur and bold magnificence. He also painted battle scenes, and latterly historical pictures. His poems were all satires, vigorous enough and pungent; among them are "Babylon" (i. e., e., Rome), Rome), "Music," "M "Poetry," "Painting," "War," and "Envy." Rosa etched from his own works with great skill. He died in Rome, Italy, March 15, 1673.
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Rosacea
ACNE ROSACEA, or GUTTA ROSEA, an affection which appears on the face, especially the nose, forehead, cheeks, and skin, characte by an intense intense reddening of the skin without swelling. Persons who indulge in alcohol to excess are liable to it. ROSACEÆ, roseworts; an order of plants placed by Lindley under his Rosal Alliance. Calyx four or five-lobed, free or adhering to the ovary; petals five. ve, perigynous, equal; stamens indefinite, rising from the calyx just within the petals, curving inward in æstivation; ovaries several or only one; ovules two or more, generally suspended; fruit either one-seeded nuts or acini, or several-seeded follicles; the leaves are simple or compound, generally with two stipules. Herbaceous plants or shrubs. The rosaceæ are closely akin to the pomaceæ, the drupaceæ, the sanguisorbeæ, and some other orders. They are divided by Lindley into five families or tribes, rosidæ, potentillidæ, spiræidæ, quillaiæ, and neuradea. The rosaceæ occur chiefly in the temperate and cold parts of the Northern Hemisphere; when they occur in the tropics it is generally on high land. They are in general astringent, and have been regarded as febrifuges. A recent estimate gives 90 genera and 1,500 species.
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