Rothermere
HAROLD SIDNEY HARMSWORTH, FIRST VISCOUNT, a British newspaper proprietor. He was born in 1868 at Dublin, Ireland, son of Alfred Harmsworth, and removing to England, following the example of his brother, Lord Northcliffe, became interested in newspapers, of which he is the proprietor of several. He endowed the King Edward VII. Chair of English Lit- 'erature and the Vere Harmsworth Chair ridæ. They are microscopic animals, conof Naval History at Cambridge University. The success of the Union Jack Club is largely due to his assistance and support. In 1916-17 during the World War he was director-general of the Royal Army Clothing Department. In 1917-18 he was Air Minister, being created viscount in 1919.
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Rotifera
in zoology, wheel-animalcules; a group of Metazoa which have been variously classified. Ehrenberg arranged them according to the peculiarities of their trochal disks, trochal disks, and Dujardin according to their methods of locomotion. They are now often made a class of Vermes, with four families, Philodinidæ, Brachionidæ, Hydatineæ, and Flosculatractile, crowned with vibratile cilia at the anterior part of the body, which, by their motion, often resemble a wheel revolving rapidly. Intestine distinct, terminated at one extremity by a mouth, at the other by an anus; generation oviparous, sometimes viviparous. The nervous system system is represented by a relatively large single ganglion, with one or two eye-spots, on one side of the body, near the mouth, and there are organs which appear to be sensory. They are free or adherent, but never absolutely fixed animals.
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Rottenstone
A brownish-gray or reddish-brown mineral, found chiefly in Derbyshire, England. Its composition is alumina 86, silex 4, carbon 10. It is supposed to be decomposed shale. It is easily reduced to powder, and is largely used for polishing metals. See POLISHING SUBSTANCES.
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Rotti
an island in the Indian Archipelago, belonging to the Dutch; S. W. of Timor. It is 36 miles in length (650 square miles), and has a population of 80,000. The surface, though hilly, is nowhere more than 800 feet above the sea, and the fertile soil produces a rich vegetation.
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Rottlera
a genus of Euphorbiaceæ. R. tinctoria is a tree very common in India, and occurring also in the Indian Archipelago, Australia, and Arabia. The three-lobed fruit is covered with a red mealy powder called in India kamala. As people in India occasionally paint their faces with the red powder, the tree itself is sometimes called the monkeyfaced tree. It is used in the N. W. provinces of India for tanning leather. It yields a clear limpid oil, useful as a cathartic.
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Rotumah
an island in the South Pacific, annexed to the Fiji Islands by Great Britain in 1881; distant about 300 miles N. N. W. from the nearest island of that group, of which it is a dependency; area, 14 square miles; pop. 2,300, all Christians.
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Roubaix
a town of France, in the department of Nord; 6 miles N. E. of Lille; is a highly important seat of the French textile industry, remarkable for its rapid growth, most of it being not more than 50 years old. Woolens, cottons, and silk or mixed stuffs are chiefly made; also beet sugar, machinery, etc. During the World War it saw much fighting and suffered severely. Pop. about 122,000.
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Rouble
the unit of the Russian money system. The silver rouble before the World War was equivalent to about 80½ cents in United States gold. Half and quarter roubles were coined in silver, also gold coins of nominally five roubles (demi-imperials) and three roubles (imperial ducats). Paper roubles are the principal money in circulation. Normally paper rouble is worth about 49 cents. The rouble is divided into 100 kopeks. capital of
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Rouge, Ruby Pin & Ruby Roller
Rouge See Red Stuff. Ruby Pin The impulse jewel set in the roller of the lever escapement. Ruby Roller The roller in the duplex escapement which locks the escape wheel teeth.
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Rouget De Lisle
CLAUDE JOSEPH, a French song-writer; born in Lons-le-Saulnier, France, May 10, 1760. He composed both words and music of "The Marseillaise," when he was an offiat Strasburg the engineers first of engineers on of April night 1792 peared under the title of "Song of the Army of the Rhine." He wrote several other fragments of songs, included in his "Fifty French Songs, Words of Various Authors, Set to Music by Rouget de Lisle" (1825); and other poems, stories, and plays, of but little merit. He died in Choisy-le-Roi, June 26 or 27, 1836. ROUGH RIDERS. See ROOSEVELT THEODORE; SPANISH - AMERICAN WAR.
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Roughing-up
A term applied to the first process when covering the bricks of a loam-mould with loam. After the bricks are set three fourths of an inch back from the sweep-board, the coarse, wet loam is rubbed vigorously on the bricks to make it adhere firmly, a little more than enough being spread over. The sharp edge of the sweep-board scrapes off the surplus, leaving a rough face--hence the term. This rough face is afterwards made smooth by the application of fine loam, over which the sweep-board is again drawn in the opposite direction. See BRICKING-UP; LOAM-BOARD; SKINNING-LOAM.
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Roulers
OF ROUSSELAERE, a city of Belgium, situated on the Mandelbeke, in West Flanders, 17 miles S. of Bruges. It was the scene of heavy fighting between the Allied forces and the Germans during the World War. Before the war it was an important industrial center, on account of its manufactories of textiles, especially linen. The population is about 25,000.
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Roumania
. See Rumania 2026 Editor's Note: Romania (the old spelling here) was a young Balkan kingdom about to gamble twice on world wars — winning Transylvania in the first. See Kingdom of Romania . (Ed: BR 2026-06-10)
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Round Robin
a protest or remonstrance addressed to superior officers and signed in such a way that no particular name heads the list. This is accomplished by writing names along lines representing the spokes of a wheel, or around its circumference. This method appears to have arisen among the petty officers of France. The term is derived from the French rond-ruban, meaning round ribbon. It is a favorite form of remonstrance among sailors who desire to ask for better food or different treatment of any sort. See Petition
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