Russell (III)
GEORGE WILLIAM ER- SKINE, an English public official and writer, born in London in 1853. He was educated at Harrow and at University College, Oxford. He was elected to the House of Commons as a Liberal from Aylesbury, from 1880 to 1885, and from North Bedfordshire from 1892 to 1895. From 1892 to 1894 he was Under-Secretary of State for India and was Under-Secretary of the Home Department in 1894-1895. He wrote "A Life of Gladstone" (1891); two series of memoirs entitled "Collections and Recollections" (1898); "Sydney Smith" (1905); and "The Spirit of England" (1915).
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Russell (IV)
HOWARD HYDE, an American clergyman and publisher, born at Stillwater, Minn., in 1855. He studied at Griswold College and graduated from the law department of Indianola College, in 1878, practicing law for 5 years. He served as superintendent of schools in Adams co., Iowa. In 1885 he was ordained to the Congregational ministry and was pastor of missions and churches in Kansas City and Chicago. In 1893 he founded the Anti-Saloon League in Ohio and was its superintendent for the four years following. He was also one of the organizers and the first superintendent of the National Anti-Saloon League in America. He was chairman of the executive committee of the League from 1903 to 1909, and served also in various executive capacities in that organization. He founded the Lincoln-Lee Legion and was a founder and the first American president of the World League Against Alcoholism. He wrote "A Lawyer's Examination of the Bible" (1893), and many pamphlets and articles against liquor traffic.
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Russell (V)
ISAAC FRANKLIN, an American jurist and educator, born at Hamden, Conn., in 1857. He graduated from the New York University in 1875, and from 1881 was professor of political science at that university. He served as chief justice of the Court of Special Sessions in New York, from 1910 to 1916. He contributed many articles on law to law journals and to encyclopædias.
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Russell (VII)
LILLIAN (MRS. ALEX- , tress, born in Clinton, Iowa, in 1861. She studied vocal and violin music in Chicago, and grand opera under Leopold Damrosch. Her first appearance on the stage was made in 1879 as a member of the chorus of a "Pinafore" company. Somewhat later she appeared as a ballad singer at Pastor's Theater, New York, at which time she first used the stage name of "Lillian Russell," her real name being Leonard. Until 1899 she sang at the Casino Theater, New York. For several seasons she was one of the most successful members of Weber & Field's Stock Company, joining later, as prima donna, the McCaull Opera Company, and organized, still later, her own company with which she appeared with great suc cess both in England and the United States. She has also made frequent appearances on the vaudeville stage, where her lecture, "How to Live a Hundred Years," became well known. During the World War she took an active interest in Red Cross and Liberty Loan campaigns.
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Russia Plate-iron
A remarkably pure iron made in Russia, which, by special processes of refining and annealing, is rendered very tough and flexible. Owing to these excellent qualities, it is capable of being rolled exceedingly thin, and will bear much hammering and bending at a red heat without cracking at the edges.
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Russian Thistle
a tumbleweed, not a thistle, recently introduced into the Dakotas in seed from Russia. At first soft and harmless the bracts of the flowering stems form horny, sharp tips exceedingly painful to man or beast after they harden in autumn. In the fall these bushy herbs break off near the ground and go rolling before the wind like American tumbleweeds, scattering their seed everywhere. In dry fields grown to small grains year after year, this Russian tumbleweed becomes a serious pest occupying the ground like clover, but a change of crops and tillage subdues it readily. Cathedral of Borissogliebsk. Russian civilization Historical Museum, Moscow. Russia Russian priest. Russian civilization Russian laborer. Russian civilization Peasant's wooden house. Russian civilization
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Rust
in metallurgy, a rough spot on the surface of a metal. Iron rust is typical. It is a reddish or orange-yellow stain due to a combination of the metal and oxygen derived from moist air. Rusting has been called a slow combustion or burning. In botany rust is a decayed spot due to the growth of a small plant--a parasitic fungus--that eats away the plant on which it lives. Rusted oats, for example, are oats whose stalks have been badly eaten by microscopic plants whose colonies have lodged in spots on the leaves and stems of the oats. Rusts spread by means of dust-like spores and are of many kinds, one or more for each of a large number of fruits and field crops and vegetables. They usually grow unnoticed until they are ready to cast off spores when they break out in brown blotches or spots. Crowded plants and moist weather are likely to develop rusty grain. See Fungus
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Rust
the yellowish coat of peroxide which forms on the surface of iron exposed to moist atmosphere. To prevent the rusting of iron utensils, oil, paint, varnish, plumbago, grease, or any substance which will protect the metal from the moist air, may be employed. In all ordinary circumstances iron decomposes water, abstracts the oxygen, and combines with it, thus forming rust. In botany, a disease of plants, which shows itself on the stems and leaves of many plants, and on the ears of grasses, both of the cereal grasses and of many pasture and forage grasses, in brown, yellow, or orange colored spots, and after destroying the epidermis of the plant assumes the form of a powder which soils the fingers when touched.
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Rustchuk
a town of Bulgaria; on the right bank of the Danube, where that river is joined by the Lom, opposite Giurgevo, and 42 miles S. W. of Bucharest. Pop. about 36,000.
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Rustic Work
an imitation of rough or primitive work; furniture for summer houses and lawns, made of limbs and trees, taking advantage of natural crooks to form the shapes desired. RUTACEÆ, rueworts; the typical order of Rutales; trees, shrubs, or rarely herbs, with opposite or alternate, simple or compound leaves, covered with pellucid resinous dots; calyx in four or five divisions; petals as many, distinct or combined into a tube, or wanting; tribes, Cusparieæ, Pilocarpeæ, Boronicæ, Eudiosmeæ, Dictamnex, Ruteæ, and perhaps Cneoreæ. Genera, according to Lindley, 47; species, 400.
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