Ryan (PATRICK JOHN an American Roman)
PATRICK JOHN, an American Roman Catholic prelate; born in Thurles, Ireland, Feb. 20, 1831. He was ordained deacon in 1853, completing his studies in St. Louis, Mo., and raised to the priesthood in 1854. In 1872 was elected coadjutor archbishop of St. Louis. His administration was energetic and successful. He was promoted archbishop in 1883 and in 1884 transferred to the see of Philadelphia. He wrote: "What Catholics do not Believe," "The Causes of Modern Religious Skepticism." He died Feb. 11, 1911.
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Ryazan
a city and capital of a province of the same name in Central Russia, on the Trubesh, a tributary of the Oka, in the center of a rich agricultural district; has a large trade, more especially in rye. Manufactures include woolens, linens, needles, and leather. Pop. about 41,000. The government has an area of 16,254 square miles, and is wholly drained by the Oka and its tributaries. Cereals of all kinds are produced for export. The principal manufactures are cotton, linen, leather and spirits. Pop. about 2,700,000.
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Rybinsk
or RUBINSK, a town in Russia, in the province ince of Jaroslav, on the Volga, at the confluence of the Rybinska. It is the center of the corn trade on the Volga, and commands an extensive commerce, being at the head of the canal and river system uniting the Baltic Sea with the Caspian. Pop. about 32,000.
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Rye (Secale cereale The glumes)
Secale cereale. The glumes are one-nerved and shorter than the spikelet, the rachis is very tough; not known in a wild state. It is the prevailing grain cultivated in the S. of Sweden and Norway, in Denmark, Holland, the N. of Germany, and part of Siberia. It is cultivated to a small extent in England, and somewhat more extensively in America. It grows on poor, light soils unsuitable for wheat. The value of rye is about two-thirds that of wheat; its nutritious properties are to 64 to 71. When formerly mixed with those of wheat as about wheat it was called meslin. It is the chief grain from which Holland gin is distilled. When rye is attacked by ergot it is said to be spurred. In 1919 the United States produced 88,478,000 bushels on an area of 6,963,000 acres.
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Rye (Village of New York)
a village of New York, in Westchester co. It is on the New York, New Haven and Hartford, and other railroads. Its excellent beach on Long Island Sound makes it a favorite summer resort. It is chiefly a residential place and has many fine residences, a seminary for girls, a public library, and a hospital. Pop. (1910) 3,964; (1920) 5,308.
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Rye Grass
the genus Lolium, specifically, L. perenne, an excellent grass to mix with others for permanent pastures, or to be sown free from admixture as part of the rotation of crops. The variety L. italica is more valuable than the normal type.
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