Rampur
the capital of a native State of India; in the Northwestern Provinces; on the Kosila river, 110 miles E. by N. of Delhi. It manufactures damask, pottery, sword-blades, and jewelry. Pop., city about 80,000; state about 550,000.
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Rampur Bauleah
chief town of the Rajshahi district of Bengal, India, on the N. bank of the Ganges; is a center of silk and indigo trade, and has an English Presbyterian mission.
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Ramsay
ANDREW MICHAEL, known as the CHEVALIER RAMSAY, a Scotch-French writer; born in Ayr, Scotland, Jan. 9, 1686. After spending some time at the Universities of Edinburgh and St. Andrews, he went to Leyden. In 1710 he repaired to Cambray, where he was converted to the Roman Catholic faith by Fénelon. He procured the preceptorship to the Duke of Château-Thierry and the Prince of Turenne, and was afterward engaged to superintend the education of Prince Charles Edward Stuart and his brother Henry, afterward Cardinal York. He acquired distinction by his writ of writings. The chief these are a "Life of Viscount Turenne," a "Life of Fénelon," the "Travels of Cyrus," a romance, and a large work on the "Principles of Natural and Re vealed Religion." He died in St. Germain-en-Laye, France, May 6, 1743.
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Ramsay (ALLAN a Scotch poet born)
ALLAN, a Scotch poet; born in Leadhills, Lanarkshire, Scotland, Oct. 15, 1685. In early youth, he was sent to Edinburgh, and there bound apprentice to a wig-maker. In 1712, he produced his first poetic effusion, and in 1716, commenced business as a bookseller in Edinburgh. In 1720, he published a collection of his fugitive poems, which realized a considerable sum; and in 1724 he issued the first volume of his wellknown "Tea-Table Miscellany." His fame, however, reached its acme on the production of "The Gentle Shepherd," one of the finest dramatic pastorals ever penned. Some of the higher class poems of Burns alone can compete with it in this respect. Ramsay died in Edinburgh, Jan. 7, 1758.
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Ramsay (II)
SIR WILLIAM, a British scientist; born in Glasgow in 1852. He received his doctor's degree at Tübingen when he was but 20 years of age, and a few years later became Professor of Chemistry at the University College, Bristol. In 1887 he was appointed to the chair of chemistry in the University College, London, a position he held until he retired in 1913. He made several important discoveries in chemistry, mostly in connection with air, discovering argon, RAMSBOttom neon, xenon, and krypton, all constituhas written ents of the atmosphere. He several important works, among them "The Gases of the Atmosphere: the History of Their Discovery" (1905); "Introduction to the Study of Physical Chemistry"; "Elements of Electrons." He died in 1916.
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Ramsbottom
a town in Lancashire, England, on the river Irwell, near Bury. It is a modern factory town, an outgrowth of the Lancashire cotton industry. Its industries include cotton mills, calico-printing works, bleaching grounds, coal mining, steel foundries, and granite quarries. Pop. about 16,000.
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Ramsden
JESSE, an English mathematical instrument-maker; born in Salterhebble, near Halifax, Yorkshire, England, in 1735. He began life as a cloth worker. About 1755 he moved to London, and shortly afterward began to work as an engraver. He spent his best efforts in effecting improvements in the sextant, theodolite, equatori equatorial, barometer, micrometer, mural quadrant, etc. He so improved the sextant that its range of error was diminished from 5 minutes to 30 seconds. He made the theodolite for the ordnance survey of England. He devised the mural circle, and made the first for Palermo and Dublin. He spent several years over an instrument for graduating mathematical `instruments and published an account of it as "Description of an Engine for Dividing Mathematical Instruments" (1777). He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1786, and was voted the Copley medal in 1795. He died in Brighton, England, Nov. 5, 1800.
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Ramses, Ravenna & Rhadamanthus
Ramses The name of many kings of Egypt of the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth dynasties. Ravenna An important town in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Bedesis. Rhadamanthus A son of Jupiter and Europa . He reigned in the Cyclades, where his rule was characterized by marked justice and impartiality.
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Ranching
the business of cattlebreeding as pursued on a large scale in the unsettled districts of the United States from the Mississippi to the Pacific coasts, and from the Bad Lands of the Upper Missouri to the Gulf of Mexico. The name is derived from the Spanish rancho, properly "mess" or "mess room,' وو but used in Mexico also for a herdsman's hut, and finally for a grazing farm, as distinguished from a hacienda, a plantation or cultivated farm. The specialty of ranching is that the cattle are raised and kept in a half-wild condition, with little or no house shelter provided and no artificial feeding. Large fortunes were made in the wild old days, but the gradual settlement of the ranching country has seriously embarrassed the business of the ranchman. The great events of the ranchman's year are the "round-up when stock is taken, the cattle are branded, and such full grown cattle gathered into a herd as are suitable for market; and the departure of the herds for market or porttimes of hard work and severe strain for all concerned.
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Rancho
a rude hut where herdsmen and farm-laborers live or only lodge; a farming establishment for rearing cattle and horses. It is thus distinguished from a hacienda, which is a cultivated farm or plantation.
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Rand
THE, or WHITE WATERS
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Randall
JAMES RYDER, an American journalist and composer; born in Baltimore, Md., Jan. 1, 1839; was educated at Georgetown College, D. C. He taught for a while in a Louisiana college, and then turned to journalism. Shut out from the army by a delicate constitution, he still gave powerful aid to the Southern cause by his lyrics. These include, besides "Maryland, My Maryland" (1861; called forth by news of the passage of the first Massachusetts troops through the streets of Baltimore); "Stonewall Jackson"; "There's Life in the Old Land Yet"; etc. After 1866 he edited a paper in Augusta, Ga. He died Jan. 14, 1908.
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