Salem (City and county-seat of Salem)
a city and county-seat of Salem co., N. J.; on Salem creek, and on the West Jersey and Seashore railroad; 32 miles S. of Philadelphia. Here are the Tyler public library, a high school, a Friends' meeting house, waterworks, electric lights, National banks, and several weekly newspapers. The city has an iron foundry, oil cloth factory, hosiery mill, a number of vegetable and fruit canneries, and several large glass plants. Pop. (1910) 6,614; (1920) 7,435.
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Salem (City capital of the State)
a city, capital of the State of Oregon, and county-seat of Marion co.; on the Willamette river, and on the Southern Pacific, the Oregon Electric, and the Salem Falls City and Western railroads; 50 miles S. of Portland. Here are the State Capitol, the State Institution for Deaf Mutes, the State Institution for the Blind, the State Penitentiary, the State Insane Asylum, the State Reform School, Willamette University, Indian Training School, public library, public hospital. waterworks, street railroads. electric lights, National and State banks, and daily, weekly and monthly periodicals. The city has daily steamer connection with Portland during most of the year. It has foundries, lumber mills, machine shops, and manufactories of sashes and doors, woolen goods, farm tools, and leather goods. Pop. (1910) 14,094; (1920) 17,679. SALEM WITCHCRAFT. See WITCH- CRAFT.
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Salem (City of Ohio in Columbiana co)
a city of Ohio, in Columbiana co. It is on the Pennsylvania and the Youngstown and Ohio railroads. It is the center of an important coal mining region and has manufactures of steel, engines, pumps, tools, motor boats, stoves, furniture, etc. Its notable institutions include a Carnegie library, city hospital, a home for aged women, a municipal building, and a park. Pop. (1910) 8,943; (1920) 10,305.
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Saleratus
a salt intermediate in composition between a carbonate and a bicarbonate of potash, prepared from pearl-ash by exposing it to carbonic acid gas; much used in making bread, to neutralize acetic acid, or tartaric taric acid, and thus render the bread light by the escape of the carbonic acid gas.
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Salerno
GULF OF, a nearly semicircular indentation, separated from the Bay of Naples by the promontory ending in Point Campanella. On its shores stand Amalfi and Salerno.
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Salerno
a city of southern Italy; on the gulf of the same the town is crowned by an old Norman castle. The beautiful Gothic cathedral of St. Matthew (whose bones were brought from Pæstum in 954) was erected by the Normans (1076-1084), and has in front of it a quadrangle of porphyry and granite pillars and inside it monuments of Gregory VII. and Margaret of Durazzo. One of its doors is of bronze, Byzantine work. The city was celebrated in the Middle Ages for its university (founded in 1150, closed in 1817), but especially for its school of medicine (Schola Salernitana), which was long the first in Europe. In the neighborhood are the ruins of PÆSTUM (q. v.). There are a couple of small harbors. Cotton is spun. Originally a Roman colony (194 B. c.), Salerno figures little in history histor till after it was taken by Robert Guiscard, who made it his capital. But the removal of the Norman court to Palermo and the sack of the city by the Emperor Henry VI. struck serious blows at its prosperity, and a third came from the decay of the medical school in the 14th century. Pop. about 49,000.
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Saleyer
or SALAYER, ISLANDS, a group of islands in the Indian Ocean; S. of Celebes, from which Great Saleyer is separated by the Saleyer Strait. They are about 70 in number; pop. about 80,000. Mohammedan Malays governed by native rajahs under a Netherlands agent. Ebony, tea, indigo, coffee, earth fruits, and cotton, are among the products.
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Salic
a term applied to a law or code of laws established by the Salian Franks; specifically applied to one chapter of the Salian code regarding succession to certain lands, which was limited to heirs male, to the exclusion of females, chiefly because certain military duties were connected with the holding of those lands. In the 14th century females were excluded from the throne of France by the application of the Salic law to the succession of the crown.
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Salicylate of Soda
Important: Safety Warning This page recommends preserving food with chemicals such as salicylic acid, borax, or formaldehyde. These substances are toxic when eaten, and their use in food is now prohibited. In addition, this page presents medical treatment from an era before modern medicine. The remedies described are ineffective against the conditions named, and some of the ingredients or doses are harmful. Do not use them to treat any illness; consult a qualified medical professional. This information has been left in for historical purposes but should not be acted upon. 2NaC7H503, H2O; sodium salicylate, prepared by mixing 100 parts of pure salicylic acid with sufficient water to form a paste, and then adding 104 parts of pure sodic carbonate. Like salicylic acid it is a powerful antiseptic, and is frequently added to beers, wines, etc., to preserve them. It is highly recommended as a specific for rheumatism, the dose varying from 10 to 30 grains.
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Salicylic Acid
Important: Safety Warning This page recommends preserving food with chemicals such as salicylic acid, borax, or formaldehyde. These substances are toxic when eaten, and their use in food is now prohibited. This information has been left in for historical purposes but should not be acted upon. in chemistry, C7H6O3=(C7H4O)" O2, spinoylic acid, H2 ortho-hydroxy-benzoic acid, a dibasic acid existing ready formed in the flowers of Spiræa ulmaria, and obtained synthetiheating sodium phenol to a stream cally by the oxidation of saligenin, or by of carbon anhydride. Salicylic acid is employed as an antiseptic and antiputre- One gra grain added to each factive agent. ounce of a fermenting liquid will at once the power arrest fermentation. It has of preserving for a time milk, fresh meat, albumin, etc., and is used in the surgery, starch, to either alone or mixed with destroy the fetid odor of cancerous surfaces or uncleansed wounds. compounds formed by
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Salicylites
com the action of salicylol on metallic oxides , those of the alkali metals and hydrates being moderately soluble in water, the others insoluble. (1) Salicylite of ammonia, C7H5 (NH4) O2, obtained by shaking salicylol with strong ammonia at a gentle heat, crystallizes in yellow needles, in alcohol, and melting at 115°. insoluble , (2) Salicylite of copper, C14H10Cu"O4 is obtained by agitating an alcoholic solution of salicylol with aqueous cupric acetate. It crystallizes in iridescent green needles, very slightly soluble in water and alcohol.
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