Smith-Dorrien
SIR HORACE LOCKWOOD, a British general, born in 1858. He was educated at Harrow and entered the Sherwood Foresters (Derby regiment) in 1876. He served in the Zulu War in 1879, the Egyptian War in 1882, the Soudan campaign in 1885, in the Tirah campaign in India in 1897-8, and in the South African War in 1900 was major-general commanding a brigade and a division. He was also active in the World War in 1914-15, after having held the Southern Command in England during the two previous years. In 1914-15 he commanded the 2nd Army Corps and then the 2nd army in the British Expeditionary Force. In 1915-16 he commanded the British forces fighting the Germans in East Africa.
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Smithson
JAMES, an English philanthropist; natural son of Hugh Percy, 1st Duke of Northumberland; born in England about 1765; was graduated at Oxford in 1786, and elected a member of the Royal Society in 1787. His first paper presented to the society in 1791 was "An Account of Some Chemical Experiments on Tabasheer," and was followed from time to time by others treating of the chemical analysis of minerals, etc. In 1835 his property, amounting to $508,318, came into the possession of the United States Government, having been bequeathed by him "for the purpose of founding an institution at Washington, D. C., to be called the Smithsonian Institution for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men." He died in Genoa, Italy, June 27, 1829.
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Smoky Hill River
or SMOKY HILL FORK, a river whose source is in eastern Colorado, and which flows into the State of Kansas. It traverses Gove, Trego, Ellis, Russell and Ellsworth counties, and 10 miles W. of Abilene unites with the Solomon river, the two streams forming the Kansas river. On both banks are extensive fertile prairies. It is 400 miles long.
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Smoky Mountains
a range on the boundary of North Carolina and Tennessee; is a part of the Appalachian system. Mount Guyot, 6,636 feet high, and Clingman's Peak, 6,660 feet high, are among its loftiest summits.
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Smolensk (Government of Russia)
a government of Russia. It is hilly in the N., and level in the S., and has an area of 21,624 square miles. It is watered by the Dnieper and Düna and several tributaries of the Volga and the Oka. Forests cover one-third of the soil. Manufacturing industries are developing and there is also considerable stock-raising. Oil, textiles, and lumber are among the chief products. The government was a mediæval principality and is mentioned in 1054. Tartars took possession of it and Lithuania held it in the 15th century. It was united to Russia in 1654. The capital is Smolensk. Pop. about 2,250,000.
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Smolensk (Town of Russia in Europe)
a town of Russia in Europe, capital of a government of the same name, on the Dnieper, 230 miles tempt to establish himself as a physician, S. W. of Moscow. It is the see of an archbishop, and has three cathedrals, numerous other churches, monasteries, and an episcopal palace. It has, besides, numerous schools, a college, hospitals, a house of correction, and assembly rooms. Manufactures, linens, leather, carpets, and soap. Smolensk was the scene of an obstinate conflict between the French and Russians, Aug. 16-17, 1812, in which victory is claimed on both sides. The day following, Aug. 18, the French returning to the attack, found the city deserted and in ruins. Pop. about 76,000.
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Smollett, Tobias
Tobias (1721-1771), a British novelist. He was born in Scotland, and was educated as a surgeon. He resided for a time in Jamaica, then in London. He is remembered for three humorous, coarse novels: Roderick Random, a series of sea tales; Peregrine Pickle, full of scrapes; and Humphrey Clinker, pronounced by Thackeray, himself touched with coarseness, the most laughable story in the language. "Facts are stubborn things," is a saying from Smollett.
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Smoot
REED, a United States Senator from Utah, born in Salt Lake City, in 1862. After graduating from Brigham Young Academy in 1879, he engaged in business and became a director and officer in many important financial organizations in Salt Lake City and elsewhere. In 1900 he was appointed one of the apostles of the Mormon Church. He was elected to the United States Senate in 1902, 1908, 1916, and 1920. He was also a member of the Republican National Committee, and in 1919 was chairman of the Republican Senatorial Campaign Committee. In the Senate he was recognized as one of its most industrious and efficient members, and was an especial authority on matters pertaining to finance and the tariff.
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Smyrna (GULF OF formerly the Herm)
GULF OF, formerly the Hermæan Gulf, an inlet of the Ægean Sea on the coast of Asiatic Turkey, so called from the town of Smyrna, which stands at its head. It is 40 miles in length by 20 at its broadest part, and contains several islands and affords good anchorage. SMYTH [SAMUEL] NEWMAN [PHILLIPS], an American clergyman and religious writer; born in Brunswick, Me., June 25, 1843; was graduated at Bowdoin College in 1863; served as lieutenant in 16th Maine regiment (1864- 1865); was graduated at Andover Theological Seminary (1867); held pastorates at Providence, R. I., Bangor, Me., Quincy, Ill., and New Haven, Conn. His publications include: "Old Faiths in New Light," "The Orthodox Theology of To-day," "The ""Per- ' "Morality of the Old Testament, sonal Creeds," "Christian Ethics," "The Religious Feeling," "The Reality of Faith," "The Place of Death in Evolution," "Through Science to Faith," "Constructive Natural Theology," etc.
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Snailing
The ornamentation of the surface of metals by means of circles or bars, sometimes erroneously called damaskeening
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Snaith
JOHN COLLIS, an English writer of fiction. He brought out his first work, "Broke of Covenden," in 1904, and this was followed two years later by "Henry Northcote." Since then his published works have included: "William Jordan, Junior," "Araminta," "Fortune," "Mrs. Fitz," "The Principal Girl," "An Affair of State," "The Great Age," "The Sailor," "Mary Plantagenet."
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Snake
a serpent, any species of the order Ophidia. The best-known harmless snake is probably the common snake, known also as the ringed or grass snake. The black snake, of which there are two species, is also very common in the United States. The common snake has no poison fangs, but is furnished with scent glands which secrete a volatile substance of offensive and penetrating odor. Snakes are partial to damp situations and enter water readily, swimming with ease. They are very voracious and swallow their prey -frogs, mice, and small birds-alive and entire, their teeth, which are in two rows on each side of the jaws and directed backward, being too weak to tear or masticate. See SERPENT.
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