The Meta-Encyclopedia

Single-source entries: S (12)

Each of these 8 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.

Saltire

or SALTIER, in heraldry, an ordinary in the form of a St. Andrew's cross, or the letter X, formed by two bends, dexter and sinister, crossing each other.

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia

Saltus

EDGAR EVERSTON, an American novelist; born in New York, June 8, 1858. He was educated in Europe and graduated at the Columbia Law School. Among his works may be mentioned: "The Philosophy of Disenchantment" (1885); "The Anatomy of Nega- "Mr. Incoul's Misadvention" (1886); ture" (1887); "The Truth about Tristrem Varick" (1888); "Eden" (1888); "A Transaction in Hearts" (1889); "The Pace That Kills" (1889); "A Transient Guest" (1889); "Mary Magdalen" (1892); "Imperial Purple" (1892); "Enthralled" (1894); "When Dreams Come True" (1895); "The Yellow Fay" (1905); "Daughters of the Rich" (1909); Crimson Curtain" (1916); "The Palliser Case" (1919).

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia

Saltwort

the Salsola, a genus of plants of the natural order Chenopodiaceæ, having hermaphrodite flowers, with five-parted perianth and a transverse appendage at the base of each of its segments, five stamens and two styles, the seed with a simple integument. The species are numerous, mostly natives of salt marshes and sea-shores, widely diffused. One only, the prickly saltwort (S. kali), is found in Great Britain. The plant is annual, with prostrate much-branched stems, awl-shaped spine-pointe aped spine-pointed leaves, and axillary solitary greenish flowers. It was formerly collected in considerable quantities on the W. shores of Great Britain, to be burned for the sake of the soda which it thus yields. S. sativa is the chief barilla plant of the S. of the country of Spain.

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia

Salutation

a sign which custom has rendered common, for expressing to others, in our intercourse with them, our esteem, love, submission, or good will. Greeting (in German, gruss, grüssen), is derived from the Low German gröten, to make great: thus "God greet you, means, "God make you great-bless you." Salutation sometimes consists of certain gestures. Sometimes an express assurance or wish is added to these mute signs of feeling. The difference in the forms of salutation often extends so far that one nation considers that a mark of rudeness which another esteems a mark of civility. The military salutations which were introduced among the Germans in the beginning of the 16th century consist in touching the hat or cap, lowering the standards and the sword, or raising the musket. Vessels, when meeting, salute each other by a discharge of cannon, by striking the flag, or by the cheers of the sailors, etc.

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia

Salvadora

a genus of plants, type of a natural order (Salvadoracex) of monopetalous dicotyledons, allied to Oleaceæ and Jasminaceæ. They have stems with slightly swollen joints, opposite entire leaves, and loose branching panicles of small flowers. S. persica is supposed to be the mustard tree of Scripture, which has very small seeds and grows into a tree. Its fruit is succulent and tastes like garden cress. The bark of the root is acrid.

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia

Salvage

the act of saving a ship or goods from extraordinary danger, as from fire, the sea, an enemy, pirates, or the like. In commercial and maritime law: (1) A payment or compensation to which those persons are entitled who have by their voluntary efforts saved ships or goods from extraordinary danger, as from fire, the sea, an enemy, pirates, or the like. The amount of salvage of salvage to be paid lvors is generally agreed on between the salvors and the owners of the property salved; but if they cannot agree, the sum to be paid, and the proportions in which it shall be paid, are determined by the Admiralty Court. The crew of a ship are not entitled to any salvage for any extraordinary efforts they may make in saving their own vessel. (2) The property saved from extraordinary danger by the voluntary efforts of the salvors.

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia

Salvarsan

Arseno-benzol, "606," an organic compound containing arsenic, first prepared by Ehrlich and Hata in 1907, its full chemical name being dioxydiamido-arseno-benzol dihydrochloride. It is a specific specific in the treatment of syphilis and other diseases. It is administered intravenously, or injected into the muscles. The latter method is considered more effective, but it produces much pain, and the intravenous method is that generally adopted. The drug is very effective in the early stages of the disease, two or three doses usually affecting a cure within six months. In the secondary stage the disease can be cured in from six months to a year, and most cases even further developed yield to prolonged treatment. Neo-salvarsan was prepared by Ehrlich in 1912, in consequence of occasional undesirable results following the injection of salvarsan. It is a combination of salvarsan with sodium formaldehyde-sulphoxalate, and while less toxic than salvarsan is generally considered less potent, although it is claimed for it that its effects, although slower, are more lasting. It contains about two-thirds as much arsenic as salvarsan, and occurs as a yellow powder, which is dissolved in distilled water immediately before being injected. VATION, the act of saving; rescue or preservation from danger, great calamity, or total destruction; as, marrying money was his salvation. In theology, the deliverance wrought out by Christ for mankind, saving them from the consequences of their sins.

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia

Salvation Army

an organization, formed on the model of an army, for evangelizing evangelizing the masses in large cities; originally known as the Christian Mission; founded at Mile End, London, by the Rev. William Booth, July 5, 1865. From 1872 to the present the movement has spread and is now represented in 66 countries. In 1918 there were 10,591 corps and outposts, 1,246 social institutions, 17,476 officers and cadets, 68,676 The local officers, and 31,400 bandsmen. organization issued 76 periodicals with 1,210,000 total copies per issue. The total was number of its social institutions , in- 1,246, including food depots, shelters dustrial homes, labor bureaus, inebriates' homes, children's homes, rescue homes, and maternity homes. Almost 6,500,000 beds and 17,500,000 meals were supplied. The labor bureaus received 82,475 applications for work and found 75,730 situations. In 1919, in the United States, there were 1,000 corps and outposts; 3,000 officers and cadets; 75 hotels; 92 industrial homes; 11 slum posts and nurseries; 25 rescue homes and maternity hospitals. In 1919, $14,000,000 was subscribed. In all the large cities of the United States Christmas dinners are provided for the poor and needy. Evangeline Booth is the Commander-in-Chief in the United States. The international offices are in London, England. William Bramwell Booth, eldest son of the founder, is general of the entire organization. During the World War the very extensive welfare work for soldiers and sailors and their families, undertaken both at the fronts and at home, was notably successful. See RE- LIEF, WAR.

Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia