Southampton
THOMAS WRIO- THESLEY, 1ST EARL OF; born about 1490, and educated at Cambridge, became lord-chancellor of Henry VIII. in 1544. He was one of the executors of the will of Henry, and was created Earl of Southampton by Edward VI. Died in 1549, HENRY WRIOTHESLEY, 3d earl, grandson of the preceding; born in 1573; was a patron of Shakespeare, who dedicated to him the poems of "Venus and Adonis," and the "Rape of Lucrece." and was accused of complicity in the latter's treasonable designs. He was convicted and sentenced to death and attainder; but the death sentence was remitted by Elizabeth, and the attainder was removed by Parliament after the accession of James. He was a firm supporter of liberty, and in 1621 was committed to close custody by the king, but was released through the influence of Buckingham. He aided the Dutch in their struggle against Spain, and died in Bergen-op-Zoom in 1624. THOMAS WRIOTHESLEY, 4th earl, born in 1607, was at first a supporter of the Commons in resisting the encroachments of Charles I., but with Strafford went over to the royal side and was made a privy councillor. Being one of the leaders of the moderate party he lived unmolested in England dur luring the Commonwealth. Upon the restoration of Charles II. he was made lord high treasurer. He died in 1667.
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Southampton Water
an inlet of the sea, in the S. of England, about 11 miles in length, running from the Solent into Hampshire in a N. W. direction. It receives the rivers Anton, Itchen, and Hamble. The tidewater being intercepted each way by the Isle of Wight, it has four tides in the 24 hours. The port of Southampton is situated near its head.
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Southbridge
a town in Worcester co., Mass.; on the Quinebaug river, and on the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroad; 20 miles S. W. of Worcester. It comprises the villages of Southbridge, Globe, and Sandersdale, and contains public and parochial schools, a public library, National bank, and several weekly newspapers. It has manufactories of boots and shoes, optical goods, cutlery, cotton and woolen goods, etc. Pop. (1910) 12,592; (1920) 14,245.
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Southend
an English wateringplace, at the mouth of the Thames estuary; 42 miles E. of London. It has good level sands, a public hall, and piers, pleasure grounds, etc. It was bombarded by the Germans during the World War. Pop. about 75,000.
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Southern Alps
the name given to the Central and loftiest portion of the great dividing range of the S. Island of New Zealand. Many of the peaks are perpetually snow-capped, the highest being Mount Cook (13,200 feet). The glaciers of the southern Alps rival those of the Swiss Alps in magnitude, and on the W. side extend to within a few hundred feet of the sea-level.
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Southern Baptists
the name applied to that portion of the Baptist denomination in the southern half of the United States. Its communicants number more than half of the total number in the denomination. See BAPTISTS. The Southern Baptists' Convention has charge of the various activities of the body. These include mission boards, young people's societies, and Sunday schools. The convention supports about 1,400 missionaries.
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Southern California
UNI- VERSITY OF, a coeducational institution in Los Angeles, Cal., founded in 1880 under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 314; students, 4,375; president, George F. Bovard, A.M., D.D.
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Southey
ROBERT, an English poet; born in Bristol, England, Aug. 12, 1774. Shortly after leaving Oxford he formed the acquaintance of Coleridge, the two friends marrying at the same time two sisters. After a short visit to Portugal, in 1796, he entered as a student of law at Gray's Inn. In 1801 he devoted himself to literature, and soon after took up his residence at Keswick, in Cumberland, where the remainder of his life was passed, he being thenceforth classed as one of the Lake poets. In 1807 he obtained a pension from the government, and on the death of Pye was appointed poet laureate. In 1839, two years after death of his wife, he married Carothe line Bowles. The latter years of his life were clouded by a mental imbecility which attended him to his death. His chief poems are: "Joan of Arc" (1796); "Thalaba" (1801); "Madoc" (1805); "The Curse of Kehama" (1810); "Roderick" (1814); "A Vision of Judgment" (1821); etc. Among his prose works are: "History of Brazil" (1810); "Life of Nelson" (1813); "Life of John Wesley" (1820); "History of the Peninsular War" (1823); "Sir Thomas More" (1829); "The Doctor" (1834-1837). Among his translations was "The Chronicle of the Cid." His "Commonplace Book," a posthumous publication in four volumes 8vo, is a marvelous monument of his reading and research. He died near Keswick, Eng land, March 21, 1843.
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Southington
a town of Connecticut, in Hartford co. It is on the New York, New Haven, and Hartford railroad. The principal industries are the manufacture of hardware, tools, screws, etc. The town contains the borough of the same name. Pop. (1910) 5,085; (1920) 8,440.
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Southport
a watering-place of Lancashire, England, incorporated in 1867; on the S. shore of the Ribble estuary, 18 miles N. of Liverpool. There are piers, bathing establishments, churches, come19104510; (1920) 6,860. a town hall, Cambridge Hall, the Atkinson Free Public Library and Art Gallery, etc. There are winter gardens with an aquarium; botanic gardens, covering upward of 20 acres, and containing a museum; and the Hesketh Public Park of 30 acres, with a meteorological institute. A small fishing village at the commencement of town of the 19th century, Southport is now a Rhode Island, which includes West King- favorite winter resort for the surrounding manufacturing centers. Pop. about 55,000.
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Southwark
a metropolitan and parliamentary borough of central London (q. v.). Among its principal buildings are St. Saviour's Church, Guy's Hospital, Bethlehem Hospital for Lunatics, Leather and Borough markets, and the termini of the London, Brighton and South Coast railway and the Southeastern railway. The Surrey Commercial Docks and many manufactories of various kinds are in the borough. Pop. about 300,000.
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