Spaulding (II)
OLIVER LYMAN, JR., an American military officer, born at St. Johns, Mich., in 1875. He was educated at the University of Michigan and was commissioned a second lieutenant of artillery in 1898, rising successively through the ranks until he became a brigadier-general in 1918. He was a the graduate of the Artillery School, Army Staff College, the Army War Colof Fire ge, and the Graduate School service at lege, for for Field Artillery. He saw various times in Alaska, China, the Philippine Islands, Panama, the Mexican Border, France, and Germany. During 55th the World War he commanded the as and 165th F. A. Brigades and acted , General Chief of the Historical Section . Staff, A. E. F., February to June, 1919
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Spavin
a disease of horses which occurs under two different forms, both interfering with soundness. In young, weakly, or overworked subjects the hocksometimes distended with darkeleccolored thickened synovia or joint oil. second variety This is bog spavin. The of spavin is the more common. Toward the inside of the hock, at the head of some of the the shank bones, or between small bones of the hock, a bony enlargement may be seen and felt. This is bone spavin. At first there is tenderness, lameheat, swelling, and considerable in the ness; but as the inflammation bone and its investing membrane abates may entirely disappear, or the lameness a slight stiffness may remain.
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Speaking Trumpet
an instrument with a spreading, somewhat funnel-shaped lip, used by a fire chief, or an officer at sea, in order that his commands may be heard above the tumult. When the speaker places the small end at his lips and shouts an order, the trumpet prevents the waves of sound from spreading, and directs them in a sort of sheaf to the spot toward which the trumpet is pointed. In this way the whole force of the speaker's voice, though scarce heard elsewhere, is concentrated in one line of sound. Acting on the same principle the speaking tube used in houses and in offices, especially in communicating from one floor to another, is exceedingly serviceable in its place; but a tube of uniform diameter cannot be made to carry sound to a point distant from its extremity. See Sound
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Spearman
FRANK HAMILTON, an American author, born in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1859. He was educated in public and private schools and at Lawrence University, Appleton, Wis. He wrote, besides many short stories in magazines 8 4 5 6 7 7-West African 5-Japanese 6-German, 15th Century 8-Philippine and numerous economic articles in reviews: "The Nerve of Foley" (1900); "Held for Orders" (1901); "Doctor Bryson" (1902); "The Daughter of a Magnate" (1902); "The Close of the Day" (1904); "Whispering Smith" (1906); "Robert Kimberly" (1911); "The Mountain Divide" (1912); "Merrilie Dawes" (1913); "Nan of Music Mountain" (1917).
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Spearmint
or SPIREMINT, in botany, a mint, Mentha viridis, with obserrate long, lanceolate, sub-acute, leaves, and slender spikes of flowers. Found in watery places. It is used in cookery as a sauce, and yields an aromatic and carminative oil, oil of spearmint.
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Spears
JOHN RANDOLPH with fish and other bones, and their fighting spears have sometimes poisoned tips.
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Spears
JOHN RANDOLPH, an American author; born in Ohio in 1850. He published "The Gold Diggings of Cape Horn"; "The Port of Missing Ships, and Other Stories"; "The His- "; "Our Navy in "; tory of Our Navy the War With Spain"; "History of the American Slave Trade"; "History of New England Whalers" (1908); "History of the American Navy" (1909); "Story of the American Merchant Marine" (1909); "Master Mariner" (1911). Cyc-Vol. IX 13 SPEARS, RAYMOND SMILEY
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Spears (II)
RAYMOND SMILEY, an American author, born at Bellevue, Ohio, in 1876. He was educated in public schools and became a reporter on the New York "Sun." He contributed many short stories and articles on travel to magazines, securing his material by extensive tours on foot, in boats, automobiles, etc. He was a member of the editorial staff of the "Adventure Magazine" and published "Camping on the Great River" (1912); "Camping on the Great Lakes" (1913); "The Cabin Boat Primer" (1913), etc.
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Specie
metallic money. See Coin
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Specific Gravities
The following table shows the specific gravities of numerous metals employed in the arts, together with their melting points, malleability, ductility, and tenacity.
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Specific Gravity
in physics, the ratio between the density of a standard substance and the density of the substance in question. The distinction between specific gravity and density is real, but not important. For table, see DENSITY.
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Specific-gravity Balance
An instrument for finding the specific gravity of substances. The hydrometer or areometer is used for finding the specific gravity of fluids. Many kinds of these instruments are employed for this purpose, but they are all dependent on the principle that the weights required to immerse a light bulb of glass in different fluids are in proportion to the density of such fluids. See SPECIFIC GRAVITY; HYDROSTATIC BALANCE.
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Speck Von Sternburg
HER- MANN, BARON, a German diplomat, born at Leeds, England, in 1852. He studied military and naval science and international law, and served in the German army in the Franco-Prussian War. He was from 1885 to 1890 military attaché at Washington. In 1891 he became Secretary to the etary to the Legation in China. In the year following he served at Buenos Aires and at Belgrade, Serbia. He was appointed First Secretary to the German Embassy at Washington in 1898, and this was followed in 1900 by his appointment as Consul General for British India and Ceylon. He became German Ambassador to the United States in 1903. Largely through his efforts tariff arrangements were perfected between Germany and the United States, in 1906-7. He died in 1908.
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Spectator, The
The, the name of two entirely different London papers. The first was a small society sheet founded by Joseph Addison and Richard Steele. It was issued daily from March 1, 1711, to December 8, 1712, and, after suspension, from June 18 to December 30, 1714. It reached 635 numbers. The present London Spectator is an influential weekly, ranking with the Saturday Review and the Atheneum. It was founded July 5, 1828. During our Civil War the Spectator took up the cause of the North. The triumph of the national cause gave the Spectator prestige at home and abroad. See Steele ; Addison
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