Stone (IV)
WILLIAM LEETE, an American author; born in New Paltz, N. Y., April 20, 1792; became a printer in the office of the Cooperstown "Federalist" at the age of 17, and in 1813 began to edit the Herkimer "American." Subsequently he edited the "Hudson Whig," "The Lounger, Lounger," Albany "Daily Advertiser," Hartford "Mirror," "The Knights of the Round Table" and the New York "Advertiser." His works include, "History of the Great Albany Convention of 1821"; "Tales and Sketches"; "Essays on Social and Literary Topics "; " Life of Joseph Brant "; " Life of Red Jacket- Sa - go - ye - wat - ha "; etc. He died in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., Aug. 15, 1844.
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Stone (Material obtained from rocks)
the material obtained from rocks; the kind of substance they produce. Also a gem; a precious stone. Something made of stone; as a monument erected to preserve the memory of the dead; a gravestone. Something which resembles a stone; as (a) a calcareous concretion in the kidneys or bladder; hence, the disease arising from a calculus (see CALCULUS); (b) the nut of a drupe or stone fruit; the hard covering inclosing the kernel, and itself inclosed by the pericarp; the hard and bony endocarp of a drupaceous fruit. The word is also applied to a measure of weight in use throughout the northwest and central countries of Europe, but varying much in different places. The English imperial standard stone is a weight of 14 pounds avoirdupois, but there are stones of other weights for particular commodities; thus the stone of butcher's meat or fish is 8 pounds, of cheese 16 pounds, of hemp 32 pounds, of glass 5 pounds, etc. Stone is not used as a technical term in either petrology or geology, though it enters into the composition of words in those sciences, as Portland stone.
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Stone (V)
WILLIAM LEETE, an American historian, son of the preceding; born in New York City, April 4, 1835; was graduated at Brown University in 1858 and admitted to the bar in 1859. He was Centennial historian for the State of New York; honorary member of the Chicago, Buffalo, New Haven Colony, and other historical societies and organizations, and the author of "The Life and Times of Sir William Johnson, Bart.," "Revolutionary Letters," ," "History of New York City," "Ballads of the Burgoyne Campaign," "The Life of George Clinton," etc. He died June 11, 1908.
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Stone Age
. See Archaeology ; Age , etc.
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Stone Age (Term used in arch ology)
or AGE OF STONE, is a term used in archæology to denote the condition of a people using stone as the material for the cutting tools and weapons which, in a higher condition of culture, were made of metals. The exculture, pression "age," when used in this connection, is not therefore significant of fixed period in chronology, but ima plies merely the time, longer or shorter, earlier or later, during which the condition subsisted. The duration of such a condition must necessarily have varied from various causes in different areas, and chiefly in consequence of contact with higher degrees of culture. Populations placed in remote situations, and on that account remaining uninfluenced by such contact-like the islanders of the South Pacific and the Eskimos of the extreme North for instance-have re-
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Stone Fly
the Perla, a genus of insects typical of the order Plecoptera. The hind wir wings are broader than the STONE FLY fore wings, and folded at the inner edge. The body is elongated, narrow, and flattened; the wings fold close to the body, which generally bears two terminal bristles. The larvæ are aquatic and much resemble the perfect insect, except in the absence of wings. A number of species-e. g., P. bicaudata-are common in Great Britain, and are well known to anglers as an attractive lure for fishes.
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Stoneham
a town in Middlesex co., Mass.; on the Boston and Maine railroad; 12 miles N. by W. of Boston. It contains a high school, a National bank, State armory, sanitarium, parks, public library, and several weekly newspapers. It is celebrated for its shoe and leather industries. It also has a box factory, machine shop, etc. Pop. (1910) 7,090; (1920) 7,873.
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Stones (PRECIOUS numerous mineral)
PRECIOUS, numerous mineral substances, and one of two products of organic origin, used in jewelry and for other ornamental purposes on account of their rarity and beauty. The list of stones which may be regarded as precious cannot be definitely limited, as certain substances appear and disappear with the fluctuations of fashion. There are a few, however, which from all times have occupied a foremost place and have been universally prized as precious stones. In such a rank and position may be placed the diamond, the ruby, the sapphire, the Oriental amethyst, and the emerald, as well as, in a lesser degree, the tourmaline, the aquamarine or pale emerald, the chrysoberyl or cat's eye, the zircon or jargoon, the opal, and the varieties of quartz, such as rock-crystal, agate, amethyst, cairngorm or Scotch topaz, chalcedony, jasper, onyx, sardonyx, etc. Among other beautiful and valuable stones much appreciated for ornamental purposes, but scarcely to be classed as precious stones, there may be included
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Stonewall Jackson
a name given to Gen. T. J. Jackson during the Civil War. See JACKSON, THOMAS J.
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Stonington
a town in New London co., Conn.; on the Long Island Sound, and on the New York, New Haven, and Hartford railroad; 43 miles S. W. of Providence, R. I. It comprises the borough of Stonington and the villages of Pawcatuck, Mystic, and Old Mystic. There is an excellent harbor, and regular steamboat connection with New York and Boston. Here are a public library, an English and Classical Institute, high schools, a National bank, and a semi weekly newspaper. The town has important manufactories, including silk, cotton, and woolen goods, printing presses, spools, boilers, iron and brass goods, etc. In August, 1814, the inhabitants successfuly defended the town against a British attack. Pop. (1910) 9,154; (1920) 10,236.
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Stony Point
a small rocky promontory on the W. bank of the Hudson river, miles N. opposite Verplanck's Point, 42 of New York City, at the entrance to the Highlands. A fortification of some importance in the Revolutionary War, it was captured and strengthened by the British, but was recovered in a night attack by Wayne. It is connected by a marsh with the shore, and supports a lighthouse and fog-bell tower. In the village here is the house where Benedict Arnold held his treasonable interviews. battery
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