Sanatorium
a place to which people resort for the improvement of their health. coat of sackcloth
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Single-source entries: S (17)
Each of these 16 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Sanbenito
a worn by penitents on their reconciliation to the church. Also a loose cloak or upper garment worn by persons condemned to death by the Inquisition on their way to the auto da fé. They were painted over with flames, figures of devils, the person's own portrait, etc.; or in the case of those who expressed repentance for their errors, with flames directed downward. Those worn by Jews, renegades, and sorcerers bore a St. Andrew's cross in red on back and front. mountain
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sanborn
FRANKLIN BENJA- MIN, an American journalist; born in Hampton Falls, N. H., Dec. 15, 1831; was graduated at Harvard University in 1855 and early turned his attention to journalism. He was editor of the Boston "Commonwealth," the Springfield "Republican" and the "Journal of Social Science" in 1867-1897; published 20 State reports on charities, labor, etc.; lectured extensively at Cornell, Smith, and Wellesley Colleges, and at the Concord School of Philosophy; and was intimately associated with various State and private charitable organizations. His publications include biographies of Emerson, Thoreau, Alcott, John Brown and Dr. Earle, and numerous social and philosophical papers and lectures. He died in 1917.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sancho Panza
. See Don Quixote
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Sanctification
a term applied in Scripture, as well as in theology, to denote the process by which the effaced image of God in man is restored, and the sinner becomes a saint. It is based on the holiness of God, who communicates His purity to His people by means of the Holy Spirit. Sanctification is distinguished from justification in this, that while justification changes the state of the sinner in law before God as a judge, sanctification changes the heart before Him as a father. Justification precedes sanctification; the one removing the guilt, the other the power of sin. The former is an act done at once, the latter is a gradual process.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sanctuary
among the ancient Jews the innermost chamber of the tabernacle-afterward of the temple, in which was kept the ark of the Covenant, and was never entered, except by the high priest once a year. It was also called the Holy of Holies, Sanctum Sanctorum. In the Christian Church, the bema, or inner portion of the ch church, imme ately round the altar, was called the sanctuary. From the sacred character of the churches, and from the rising power of the clergy, they came to be resorted to as asylums by fugitives from the hands of justice, and afterward certain churches were set apart specially for that purpose, and were termed "sanctuaries." The abuses to which this system gave rise, as tending entirely to defeat the ends of justice, led to its abolition in all the Christian countries.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Crab
or RACING CRAB, a genus (Ocypoda) of crabs which live in holes in the sand along the sea shores of warm countries. O. cursor inhabits the Mediterranean, Red Sea, and Indian of its motions.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Eel
in ichthyology, a popular name for the genus Ammodytes, and especially for A. lanceolatus, called also the greater, to distinguish it from A. tobianus, the lesser sand eel. They live in shoals, and are much sought after by fishermen, who discover their presence on the surface by watching the porpoises which feed on them.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Flies
the name of certain flies found in various countries, the bite of which may give rise to painful swellings. They are included in the family Tipulidæ, which also includes the well-known "daddy long legs," or crane flies.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Grouse
in ornithology, the family Pteroclidæ, called also rock pigeons. Elegantly formed birds, with pointed tails, and plumage of beautifully varied protective tints. They are preeminently desert birds, and are found in great numbers in the most arid situations and on the most open and barren plains. Their food consists of hard seed and insects. Pterocles setarius is the pin-tailed sand grouse, and Syrrhaptes paradoxus Pallas's sand grouse.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Hopper
in zoölogy: (1), the genus Talitrus, and especially T. locustas (2) The genus Gammarus.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Lizard
in zoölogy, the Lacerta agilis, about seven inches long, of which the tail is four; palatal teeth. Usual color sandy-brown, with obscure longitudinal bands of a darker due, line of round black spots on side. The female lays 12 to 14 eggs in the sand, covers them, and leaves them to be hatched by solar heat. Common in northern and central Europe.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Martin
in ornithology, the Hirundo riparia, called also the bank martin and bank swallow; length about six inches; upper parts and a broad band across the breast grayish brown, lower parts brownish white. It makes its nest in the steep banks of rivers, sand pits, quarries, and sea banks, and deposits four or five white eggs. It breeds in N. latitudes, but goes S. in autumn, returning again in spring.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Mole
in zoölogy, the Bathyergus me maritimus, a rodent from the Cape of Good Hope. It is about the size of a wild rabbit, with light grayish-brown fur, rather variable in tint in different individuals. The eyes are very small; external ears wanting; tail short. abrading agent
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Pipe
or SAND GALL, in geology (plural), deep cylindrical hollows in a vertical direction found in England, France, and elsewhere, penetrating the white chalk and filled with sand and gravel. One seen by Sir Charles Lyell at Norwich in 1839 was 12 feet in diameter, and more than 60 feet deep. Mr. Trimmer attributed them to the action of the sea on a beach or shoal; Lyell to the chemical action of water charged with carbonic acid, derived from the vegetable soil and the roots of trees, on the chalk below.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Sand Sifters
The common kinds of sand-sifters are made to operate by either hand or power, and usually consist of a stout oblong frame supported on four legs, inside of which the sieve or riddle is caused to move rapidly back and forth by a mechanical device attached to the end of the frame. Some makers claim six movements of the sieve to each revolution of the driving-wheel or pulley; the object in this being to prevent clogging by imparting a constant jarring motion to the sifter. Other sifters are suspended from beams above, and an oscillating motion imparted to them by a three-toothed cam-pinion, the teeth of which thrust (alternately); pins in the slotted piece attached to the bar which actuates the sifter, and a rapid back-and-forth movement is imparted thereto. See RIDDLE.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding