Strauss, David Frederick
David Frederick (1808-1874), a noted German theologian and writer. Strauss was educated at the universities of Tubingen and Berlin. While lecturing in the University of Tubingen he wrote a Life of Christ in which he sought to prove that the gospel history is mythical in character,--that Christ is hardly to be regarded as an historical character. This work was translated into many languages and created quite a storm. It cost Strauss his university position. Later he was appointed to a professorship in Zurich, but there was so much opposition that he was pensioned and dismissed. He spent the remainder of his life at Stuttgart, Darmstadt, and elsewhere, writing works chiefly controversial in support of the position taken in his Life of Christ.
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Straw Bail
worthless security furnished by an offender against the law for his appearance for trial, the bonds given being fraudulent statements of property owned by the person offering it.
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Streator
a city in Lasalle co., III.; on the Vermilion river, and on the Burlington Route, the Chicago and Alton, the Wabash, the New York Central, the Chicago, Ottawa and Peoria, and the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fé railroads; 93 miles S. W. of Chicago. It is the trade center of a large agricultural and coal district. There are also valuable clay deposits in the city. Here are a high school, public library, park, waterworks, street railroad and electric light plants, several National banks, and a number of daily and weekly newspapers. The city has extensive glass works, foundries, machine shops, flour mills, planing mills, brick works, etc. Pop. (1910) 14,253; (1920) 14,779.
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Street
JULIAN (LEONARD), an American writer, born at Chicago, Ill., in 1879. He was educated in the public schools of Chicago and at Ridley College, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. From From 1899 to 1901 he was on the reportorial and editorial staff of the New York "Mail and Express." Besides contributing articles and stories to many magazines he wrote: "My Enemy the Motor" (1908); "The Need of Change" (1909); "Paris à la Carte" (1911); "Ship-Bored" (1911); "The Goldfish" (1912); "Welcome to Our City" (1913); "Abroad at Home" (1914); "The Most Interesting American" (1915); "American Adventures" (1917); "After Thirty" (1919).
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Strehlenau
NICOLAUS NIEM- BSCH VON. a German poet, born in 1802.
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Strepsiptera
a small and very peculiar and anomalous order of insects. The females are wingless, and live as parasites in the abdomen of bees, wasps, and other hymenopterous insects. The males have the front pair of wings in the form of twisted filaments, the posterior pair are fan-shaped and membranous. The jaws are rudimentary. The heads of the parasitic females protrude from between the abdominal joints of their host. The strepsiptera are viviparous, and the larvæ are little caterpillars which attach themselves to the bodies of wasps and bees. The female larvæ never leave their hosts; the male larvæ undergo their metamorphosis within the bodies of their hosts, from which in due time they emerge as perfect winged males. Stylops Dalii and S. Spencii are common species.
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Stress
a convenient term used to express the mutual action between any two por portions of matter. Thus the pressure between a table and a book resting on it is of the nature of a stress, which has two aspects, according as we fix our attention on the table or the book. With reference to the former the pressure is downward, with reference to the latter upward, and these two forces, which according to Newton's third law are equal and opposite, form when regarded as a whole the stress. Similarly the attraction of the earth for the sun and the attraction of the sun for the earth are opposite aspects of the same stress, and the same can be said of all forces which obey Newton's third law, i. e., of all known forces which invariably exist in pairs. The so-called centrifugal force is merely the one aspect of the stress whose other aspect is the force which acts upon the body normally to the path. See STRAIN: STRENGTH OF MATERIALS.
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Striated Rocks
or STRIATED BOWLDERS, rocks or bowlders with striæ along their surface, the result of the passage over them of masses of ice with projecting stones imbedded in the lower part. Such striated rocks exist along the sides and at the foot of mountain ranges wherever glaciers have descended. They are found also in the Arctic and temperate zones wherever ice has passed from the N. during the glacial period.
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Strickland
AGNES, an English historian; born in Reydon Hall, Suffolk, England, Aug. 19, 1806. Her first work, aided by her sister Susannah, was a volume of "Patriotic Songs," followed by "Worcester Field," a historical poem. She wrote: "Queen Victoria from Her Birth to Her Bridal" (1840); "Historic Scenes and Poetic Fancies" (1850); "Lives of the Bachelor Kings of England" (1861); (1861); "Lives of the Seven Bishops" (1866); ; "Lives of the Tudor Princesses" (1868). Her best works are "Lives of the Queens of England" (12 vols. 1840-1848), and "Lives of the Queens of Scotland" (8 vols. 1850-1859). She died in Reydon Hall July 8, 1874.
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Strickland, Agnes
Agnes (1806-1874), an English writer. She was born in Suffolk. The list of her writings contains many titles. She is known best as the author of a very remarkable series of Lives of the Queens of England in twelve volumes and Lives of the Queens of Scotland in eight volumes. Progress in writing history is so rapid that one feels in reading her Lives that they are already somewhat out of date.
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Strickle
A straight edge may be classed as a strickle when the edge is bevelled for the purpose of cutting sand or loam. Any board or iron plate used for fashioning cores or moulds, loam-boards for pipe-cores, pipe-sweeps, loam-moulders' sweep-boards, etc., are all classed, according to locality, as strickles, strikes, or sweeps. In skilful hands the strickle affords an excellent opportunity for the display of high-class moulding. Each of the devices mentioned are explained in order as they occur. See FORMER.
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Strindberg, August
August (1849-), a Swedish novelist and dramatic writer. He was born at Stockholm. He spent some years in Paris, but, returning to his native country, became the leader of the realistic school of writers in Sweden. The titles of a few of his best known works are The Red Room, a study of Bohemian life, The Secret of the Club, and The Keys to the Kingdom of Heaven. See Sweden ; Literature ; Swedish
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