Sutro (ALFRED a British born in He)
ALFRED, a British born in 1863. He was educated in the dramatist, City of London School and at Brussels, and afterward devoted himself to the writing of plays and other forms of literature. His works include: "The Cave of Illusion," a play in four acts; "Women ALFRED SUTRO in Love, Eight Studies in Sentiment"; "The Foolish Virgins"; "Five Little Plays Maeterlinck's "Wisdom and Destiny," "; "Freedom," a play in three acts; " Life of the Bee," etc. (translations); "Arethusa" ; "A Marriage Has Has Been Arranged"; "The Walls of Jericho"; "The Perfect Lover"; "The Fascinating Mr. Vanderveldt"; "John Glayde's Honor"; "The Barrier"; "The Builder of Bridges"; "Uncle Anyhow"; Choice."
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Sutro (II)
FLORENCE CLINTON, an American musician; born in England; was graduated at the Grand Conservatory of Music in New York with the degree of Mus. D., being the first woman in the United States to receive that degree, and at the Law School of the University of New York. She was a member of numerous literary, musical, and social societies; honorary president of the Grand Conservatory Alumnæ; president of the Hospital for Crippled Children, and prominent as a writer for the advancement of women as composers and musicians. She founded the National Federation of Musical Societies in 1898. She died in 1906.
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Sutter
JOHN AUGUSTUS, an pioneer; born in Kandern, Germany, Feb. 15, raduated at the Berne Military Academy in 1823; settled in St. Louis, Mo., in 1834, but soon removed to Santa Fé, where he engaged in a lucrative trade with trappers and Indians. Receiving favorable accounts of California he crossed the Rocky Mountains in 1838; sailed down the Columbia river and thence to Hawaii. After going to Sitka, Alaska, he cruised along the Pacific coast and was stranded at the site of San Francisco in July, 1839. During that year he established the first white settlement on the site of Sacramento. In 1841 after receiving a large tract of land from Mexico, he built a fort which he named New Helvetia; was made governor of the frontier country by Mexico, but was held in suspicion by the Mexicans owing to his friendly feelings toward the United States. In 1848 when California was ceded to the United States, he owned many thousand head of cattle, much land, and other property, but owing to the discovery of gold on his estates was overrun by miners, and his workmen left him, and not being able to secure others he was financially ruined. He appealed to the Supreme Court, but was "The not sustained. Later the Legislature of California granted him a pension of $250 a month. He moved to Lititz, Pa., in 1873. He died in Washington, D. C., June 17, 1880.
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Sutton
RHOADES STANSBURY, an American physician; born in Indiana, Pa., July 8, 1841; was graduated at Washington and Jefferson College in 1862, and at the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1865. He was major of volunteers and surgeon in the army during the American- Spanish War. His publications include many contributions on surgery and medicine. He died in 1906.
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Suture
in ordinary language, the act of sewing; the line along which two things are joined, united, or sewed together, so as to form a seam, or something resembling a seam. Technically, in anatomy, the immovable junction of two parts by their margins; as, the sutures of the skull, i. e., the lines of junction of the bones of which the skull is composed. Various types of suture exist, as the serrated or dentated suture, the squamous or scaly suture, and the harmonic suture or harmonia. Arranged according to their situation, there are coronal, frontal, fronto-parietal, occipito-parietal, and many other sutures. In botany, the line formed by the cohesion of two parts. If the suture formed by the carpellary leaves in a pistil face the center of a it face the perianth, the dorsal suture. The former corresponds to the margin, and the latter to the midrib of the carpellary leaf. In entomology, the line formed by the meeting of the elytra of a beetle when they are confluent. In surgery, the uniting of the lips or edges of a wound by stitching. In zoölogy, the outlines of the septa in the Tetrabranchiata, from their resemblance to the sutures of the skull. When these outlines are folded, the elevations are called saddles, and the intervening depressions lobes.
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Suwalki
a province of Lithuania, bounded W. by Eastern Prussia, S. by Grodno, and separated by the Niemen on the N. from Kovno, on the E. from Wilna; area, 4,844 square miles; pop. about 718,000. The surface is mountainous in the W. and S., and one-eighth is in swamp. Timber and grain are produced. Suwalki, the capital, is situated on the Hancza, 65 miles S. W. of Kovno. It was captured by the Germans in 1915. Pop. about 31,000.
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Suwanee River
a river in southern Georgia, in the Okefinokee Swamp, which flows in a winding, generally S. S. W. course through Florida into the Gulf of Mexico.
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Suwarrow Islands
a group of three low wooded islands in the Pacific, about 450 miles N. N. W. of Cook or Hervey Islands, and about the same distance E. of Samoa. Annexed to Great Britain in 1889. Pop. about 120.
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Suzerain
in feudalism, a lord paramount; either the king, as original holder of the realm , or his immediate vassals, as grantors in turn to subvassals.
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Suzzallo
HENRY, an American educator, born at San José, Cal., in 1875. He was educated at Leland Stanford University and at Columbia . From 1902 to 1907 he was an instructor and assistant professor of education at Leland Stanford University; from 1907 to 1909 adjunct professor of elementary education , and from 1909 to 1915 professor of philosophy of education at Columbia University; since May, 1915, president of the University of Washington. During the World War he served as chairman of the Washington State Council of Defense, Wage Umpire of the National War Labor Board, rd , and adviser of the War Labor Policy Board. He was a member of many educational societies, lectured extensively, contributed many articles to educational magazines and in came editor of the "Riverside Educational Monographs." 409 be-
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