Syrian Rite
CHURCH OF THE, a portion of the Oriental church which had its seat in Syria, and comprised those Christians who used the Syriac liturgy of St. James. This liturgy was originally composed for the patriarchate of Antioch , whi which included the churches of Palestine and Mesopotamia, and acby Apostle cording to tradition by James . There is no Greek MS. of it in existence of an earlier date than the 10th century, but the Syriac liturgy of the same name almost exactly answers the description given of it in various writers. After the Mohammedan conquest (638) the orthodox Syrians were drawn into SYZYGIUM 220 Myrteæ; trees or shrubs with the flowers in cymes or corymbs, the calyx with its limb undivided; the petals, four or five. S. jambolanum, called also Eugenia jambolana, is a moderate-sized tree, wild or cultivated all over India. The bark is astringent and is used, as are the leaves, in dysentery. The decoction of the bark constitutes a wash for the teeth; its fresh juice with goat's milk, a medicine for the diarrhœa of children. A vinegar prepared from the unripe fruit is a stomachic; carminative; and diuretic. The fruit is astringent, but is eaten by the natives who in time of famine consume also the kernels. The leaves of S. terebinthaceum are used in Madagascar to impart an aroma to baths. S. guineensis is worshiped in Gambia and the fruit is eaten.
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Syringa
. See Lilac
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Syrinx
An Arcadian nymph, who being pursued by Pan fled into the river Ladon, and at her own prayer was metamorphosed into a reed, of which Pan then made his flute. Tacitus, C. Cornelius. A celebrated Latin historian, born in the reign of Nero. Of all his works the Annals is the most extensive and complete. His style is marked by force, precision, and dignity, and his Latin is remarkable for being pure and classical. Tacitus, M. Claudius. A Roman, elected emperor by the Senate when he was seventy years of age. He displayed military vigor, and as a ruler was a pattern of economy and moderation. He died in the 276th year of the Christian era. Tamesis or Tamesa (Thames). A river in Britain, on which stood Londinium, flowing into the sea on the eastern coast. Caesar crossed the Thames probably at Cowey Stakes, seven or eight miles above Kingston, but Horsley seems to be of opinion that he forded it near that town.
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Syrphus
the typical genus Syrphidæ. The larvæ feed on aphides. One of the most common is S. pyrastri, a blue-black fly, with whitish or yellowish transverse bands on the abdomen, black thighs, and yellowish legs. It is sometimes mistaken for a wasp. The larvæ is a footless grub, living on plants infested by aphides.
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Syrrhaptes
in ornithology, a genus of Pteroclidæ, with two species . Bill small, conical, nostrils concealed by feathers, tarsi hirsute; toes short, concrete hirsute above, hallux absent ; the two middle tail-feathers and first two quills of wings produced into pointed se wpoustu puaпшacy. Among them are S. aurantii, S. Limonis, S. papaveris, S. sennæ, etc.
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Syrus
PUBLIUS, or PUBLILIUS, a Roman writer of mimes who flourished about 43 B. C., and was most probably a Syrian slave brought to Rome in early youth, educated, and freed by some indulgent master. After Laberius he reigned supreme on the stage, and his mimes, being as full of shrewd epigrammatic wit as broad humor, did not perish with him. About 200 apothegms are still extant, under the title "Witticisms of Publius Syrus."
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Syzran
a town of central Russia, a few miles from the right bank of the Volga, and 90 miles S. of Simbirsk. Laid out in 1685, it has tanneries and noted market gardens, and a large trade in grain, timber, salt, and manufactured goods. Pop. about 48,000.
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Syzygium
or SIZYGIUM (named from the way in which the branches and leaves are united by pairs); a genus of 1 few scattered tribes, and principally by the Nestorians of Kurdistan and Persia. Syriac literature had its rise in the 1st century of our era. At first it was chiefly connected with theological and ecclesiastical subjects, Biblical translations and commentari commentaries, hymns, martyrologies, liturgies, etc., but in course of time it embraced history, philosophy, grammar, medicine, and the natural sciences. The oldest work in the language still extant is the incomplete translation of the Bible called the Peshito. In addition to the Peshito Version, which was recognized as the authorized version by all the various sects of the Syrian Church, there is one made in the beginning of the 7th century by Paul of Tela, a Monophysite; this is based on the Hexaplar Greek Text, that is, the Septuagint with the corrections of Origen, and is of very great value for the criticism of the Septuagint, supplying as far as a version can the lost work of Origen. Another version, the Syro- Philoxenian, translated by Polycarp under the auspices of Philoxenus, Bishop of Hieranolis (488-518) and revised by a
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Szabadka
a town of Hungary; on the plain that lies between the Danube and the Theiss; 106 miles S. by E. of Budapest. It is the center of a rich agricultural district, with a trade in cattle, skins, wool, corn, fruit, tobacco, etc. Pop. about 94,000. SZABOITE after Prof. J. Szabó, of Budapest), a mineral occurring in minute crystals in cavities of an andesite, Transylvania; crystallization, triclinic ; hardness, 6-7; sp. gr., 3.505; luster, vitreous; color, hair brown to hyacinth-red. Composition: Essentially a silicate of iron and lime. Now shown to be related to hypersthene. a
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Szaibelyite
a mineral occurring in small nodules bristling with acicular crystals in limestone at Werksthal, Hungary; color, externally white, internally yellow. Essentially a hydrousborate of magnesia.
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Szalay
LASZLO, a Hungarian historian; born in Buda, in Buda, Hungary, April tor-in-chief of the "Pesti Hirlap" in 1844. Among his works are "History of Hungary" (6 vols. 1850-1863); "Nicolas Eszterúzy" (1862-1866); and "The Book of Statesmen," a collection of political biographies. He died in Salzburg July 17, 1864. 18, 1813. He succeeded Kossuth as edi-
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