Sand-dusters
Flat, round vessels of block-tin, with fine perforations on one of the flat sides. They are used largely among hardware and stove founders for dusting the joints with parting-sand, instead of using the hand for that purpose. See PARTING; PARTING-SAND. Sand-floor is that part of the foundry floor usually devoted to the production of castings in green sand, many of which are moulded in the sand-floor itself, and termed "sand-floor," to distinguish it from the dry-sand and loam-work floors. See FLOOR-MOULDING; BLACK SAND.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
Sand-mould
A mould constructed in the sand, either in the floor or contained within flasks. In this instance it may be either a dry-sand or green-sand mould, the term "sand-mould" simply distinguishing it from one constructed by the processes of loam-moulding. See LOAM-MOULDING; GREEN-SAND MOULDING; FLOOR-MOULDING; DRY-SAND MOULDING.
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Sand-pulverizer
Any machine that will crush lumps and grind the particles of sand together, and thus produce a thorough blending of the materials employed for producing sand and loam mixtures in the foundry. The ordinary loam-mill and crusher may be classed as such; but for the purpose of mixing and sifting the finer grades of sand there are other excellent contrivances, with which, by means of a grinding-plate and vertical yielding bed set in below the hopper, the sand is pulverized and mixed, and finally delivered into a horizontal revolving screen to be sifted. See ROCK-CRUSHER; LOAM-MILL; SAND SCREEN. Sandstone is a rock composed of siliceous or calcareous grains of sand cemented together by siliceous, calcareous, or ferruginous infiltrations, though the loose sand solidifies by pressure alone. The sand grains are invariably composed of quartz with a slight admixture of other minerals, which gives rise to the variations in color. Some of these sandstones, owing to the highly refractory nature of their composition, are occasionally employed as hearths of blast-furnaces, also for the beds of air-furnaces; but the want of homogeneity in the stone makes them liable to crack, and for this reason other refractory materials are generally preferred. See ROCK-SAND; FACING-SAND.
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Sand-Screen
The ordinary sand-screen in the foundry is similar to the one used for coal and for the sand used by builders, etc. The regular sizes used for brickwork and plastering is 3- or 4-mesh, for fine sand 5-mesh, for gravel 2-mesh. These frames measure 6 feet high, 26 1/2 inches in width. The sizes most used are 1/4-inch openings for taking out the dust; 3/8-inch for chestnut coal; 1/2 to 5/8-inch for nut; 5/8 to 3/4-inch for stove; 7/8, 1, and 1 1/4-inch for cleaning soft coal. These screens are made with a heavy hard-wood frame, and of extra heavy crimped wire. The frame is securely fastened together with bolts, and the wires are firmly stapled to the frame, and finished at the top and bottom with sheet iron. The revolving screen consists of a grating of wire cloth secured to a framework of iron, forming a cylindrical riddle or sieve, into which the sand is thrown at one end. A slight incline causes what is too large to run through the meshes to pass out at the other end as the cylinder rotates horizontally on its axis.
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Sand-washing
The process of washing sand, in order to free it from deleterious matter, and thus render it more suitable for moulding purposes, may be materially facilitated by rotating a cylindrical wire-sieve within a shallow trough, which receives a constant supply of water at one end and discharges it at the other, along with the soluble matter which has passed through the sieve. See CORE-SAND.
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Sandal Wood
the wood of San talum album, a small, greatly branched, evergreen tree, with leaves opposite and entire, which have been compared to those of the myrtle, as the inflorescence, an axillary and terminal thyrsus, has been to that of the privet. The flowers are at first yellowish, but afterward of a deep ferruginous hue. Though they are inodorous, the wood when cut, especially near the root, is highly fragrant. It grows in the dry region of southern India, and in the islands of the Indian Archipelago. It is largely exported from India to China and Arabia, and, to a certain extent, to Europe. The heart wood is used in the East for carving, for incense, and for perfume. The seeds yield by expression a thick viscid oil, burnt by the poorer classes in India. An essential oil is also distilled from the wood. Hindu doctors consider sandal wood sedative and cooling, and use it in gonorrhea. The sandal wood of the Sandwich Islands is derived from S. freycinetianum and S. paniculatum. Red sandal wood is the wood of Pterocarpus santalinus, growing in Coromandel and Ceylon. In occidental pharmacy it is used only to lavender color the compound tinc tincture of . In India the name is also given to Adenanthera pavonina.
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Sandalwood Island
or SUMBA, an island in the Malay Archipelago, belonging to the group called Sunda Islands, owned by Holland, and situated 40 miles S. of Flores. Area, 4,510 square miles. It is composed of a plateau 3,000 feet above the sea level with precipitous coasts. The name is derived from the valuable sandalwood which, with ebony, makes up a large part of the thick forests. Pop. about 250,000.
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Sandarac
or SANDARACH RE-
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Sanday
one of the Orkneys, an island of very irregular shape, generally with a very flat surface and a light sandy soil; greatest length, 13 miles. There are a number of small lakes. There is another small island of the same name in the Inner Hebrides, connected with Canna at low water, 4 miles N. W. of Rum.
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Sanday
WILLIAM, an English theologian and scholar, born at Holme Pierrepont, Nottingham, in 1843. He received his education at Balliol and Corpus Christi Colleges, Oxford. For several years he was the principal of Hatfield's Hall, Durham, and until 1895 was a fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. From that date he was Lady Margaret professor of divinity and canon of Christ Church. He was appointed chaplain to the King in 1903. His published writings include "The Gospels in the Second Century" (1876); "The Life of Christ in Recent Research" (1907); "The Primitive Church and Reunion" (1913); "The "Deeper Causes of the War" (1914); and "Meaning of the War for Germany and Great Britain" (1915).
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