Sandburg
CARL, an writer and poet, born in Galesburg, Ill., in 1878. He studied at Lombard College from 1898 to 1902. From 1910 to 1912 he acted as secretary to the mayor of Milwaukee, Wis., and from the latter date was engaged in newspaper and editorial work. In 1914 he was awarded the prize given by the Poetry Magazine. During as the Spanish-American War he served a private. His volumes of poetry include "Chicago Poems" (1915); and "Corn Huskers" (1918). He is regarded as one of the most talented of the younger school of American poets.
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Sandemanians
in Church history, the followers of Robert Sandeman, who in the latter part of the 18th century introduced into England and America the doctrine of the GLASSITES (q. v.). The body is not numerous. They have a weekly communion, and dine together every Lord's day, admit new members with a kiss of charity, abstain from blood, wash each other's feet, and each member is bound, to the full extent of his income, to support his Church and the poor.
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Sanderling
in ornithology, Callidris arenaria, described by Saunders as "a Tringa without a hind toe," a winter visitant, arriving about the beginning of August and leaving about April. The adult male is about eight inches long, female slightly larger. The summer plumage is somber on the upper surface, edged with red, the whole becoming light ash gray in winter; under surface pure white.
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Sanders
LIMAN VON (LIMAN PASHA), a German general, sent to Turkey in 1913 as the head of a mission to reorganize the Turkish Army on a modern Prussian basis, the Turks having just been badly beaten by the Bulgarians, Greeks and Serbians in the Balkan War. In his task, General Von Sanders was assisted by General Von der Goltz. In May, 1914, Von Sanders issued sealed orders for the mobilization of the Turkish reserves and had them distributed the mayors of all communities throughout the empire. According to instructions these orders were opened on Aug. 3, 1914, with the result that the Turkish Army automatically put itself on a war footing regardless of the situation in Constantinople. Von Sanders had command of the defense of the Dardanelles, and during the heavy fighting established his headquarters in Gallipoli. In August, 1915, he took command of the Turkish armies on the Caucasus front. When the war was ended he was arrested by the Allies in Constantinople, but early in 1919 was allowed to return to Germany.
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Sanderson
JULIA, an American singer and actress, born in Springfield, Mass., in 1887. She was educated in the Ocean, and is remarkable for the rapidity public schools and made her first appearance with the Forepaugh Stock Company in Philadelphia. She afterward played as star in many operas and plays.
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Sandpaper
an made by coating paper or thin cotton cloth with glue and dusting fine sand over it with a sieve. Sandpaper is intermediate between glass paper and emery paper in its action on metals, but is less energetic than glass paper in its action on wood.
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Sandpiper
a name applied to numerous species of the snipe family. The North American species are found from the Yukon Valley to the Gulf. They are strictly shore birds frequenting both the seacoast and inland waters . Of one species Chapman says: The thought of these little sandpipers always creates a mental picture of a long stretch of dazzling beach with its ever-changing surf-line. I hear the oft-repeated booming of the rolling, tumbling breakers, and in the distance see a group of tiny forms hurrying to and fro over the sand smoothed by the frothy waves. With what nimble gracefulness they follow the receding waves, searching for treasures cast up by the sea! What contentment and good-fellowship are expressed by their cheery, conversational twitterings! Up and down the beach they run, now advancing, now retreating, sometimes, in their eagerness venturing too far, when the waters threaten to ingulf them, and in momentary confusion they take wing and hover back to a place of safety. Suddenly, as though at a signal, they are off; a compact flock moving as one bird, twisting and turning to right and left, now gleaming white as the sun strikes their snowy bodies, now dark again like a wisp of sunless cloud flying before the wind . The sandpipers are small birds with straight bills. In a classification they stand between the snipe and the plover.
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Sandpiper
in ornithology, a popular name for several wading birds. Yarrell enumerates the following: The buff SANDPIPER breasted sandpiper (Tringa rufescens), Bartram's sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda, formerly Totanus bartramii), the common sandpiper or summer snipe (Totanus hypoleucus), the spotted sandpiper (Totanus macularis), the green sandpiper (Totanus ochropus), and the wood sandpiper (Totanus glareola). In ichthyology, the Petromyzon branchialis, the larva of which has been long known under the name of Ammocœtes.
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Sandringham
a Norfolk estate, 3 miles from the sea and 7½ miles N. N. E. of Lynn, England, comprising over 7,000 acres; was purchased in 1862 by the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII. The then existing mansion was demolished, and the present hall built in 1869-1871, a red-brick Elizabethan country house, standing in a pleasant park of 200 acres; special features are the iron "Norwich gates," the dairy, and the splendid cottages. A fire on Nov. 1, 1891, did damage to the amount of over $50,000. The Germans made an aerial attack on the place in 1915.
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Sandusky
a city and county-seat of Erie co., Ohio; at the mouth of the Sandusky river, on Sandusky Bay, an arm of Lake Erie, and on the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, the Baltimore and Ohio, and other railroads; 56 miles W. of Cleveland. It contains a high school building, court house, the State fish hatchery, a public library, waterworks, street railroads, electric lights, National and other banks, and daily and weekly newspapers. It has a large export trade in fresh and salted fish, lumber, limestone, coal, iron ore, apples, grapes, and wine. The city is one of the largest fresh fish markets in the world, and is in the heart of a great Catherine Hall and subsequently vicegrape-growing region. Its manufactured articles include carpenters' tools, handles, chemicals, dynamos, glass, aeroplane engines, cement, spokes and hubs, threshing machines, boilers, etc. Pop. (1910) 19,989; (1920) 22,897.
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