Sarthe
a department of France, N. of the Loire; formed out of the old provinces of Anjou and Maine; area, 2,- 411 square miles. The Sarthe flows S. through the department, and the Loire W. along the S. border. The department is fairly level and the soil fertile. Essentially an agricultural department, it produces wheat, oats, barley, and potatoes, sends its geese, chickens, eggs, cattle and swine to Paris, is famous for its breed of horses and for its wine and cider. Coal is mined, and there are manufactures of hemp, linen, and cotton textiles, paper, glass, leather, machinery, etc. Capital, Le Mans. Pop. 420,000.
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Sartor Resartus
sar'tor re-sar'tus, a satirical work by Thomas Carlyle, published in Fraser's Magazine in 1833-34. It appeared in book form in 1835. The title means "the tailor patched." Carlyle calls the work a "Philosophy of Clothes," but he uses the word "clothes" symbolically. Thoughts and deeds are the clothing of man's spirit. Sartor Resartus is divided into three parts, introductory, biographical, and philosophical.
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Sartorite
an orthorhombic mineral, occurring only in crystals in cavities in the dolomite rock of the Binn valley, Switzerland.
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Sarum
an important settlement of the early Britons, in Wiltshire, about a mile and a half N. of Salisbury, then a Roman station, and afterward the residence of the West Saxon kings till England_became_one kingdom. Till the time of Henry III. it was an important city, but it is now chiefly known for the privilege it enjoyed for more than 500 years of sending two members to Parliament after it had ceased to be inhabited. It headed the list of "rotten boroughs," and was disfranchised by the Reform Act of 1832.
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Sasin
the common Indian antelope, Antilope bezoartica (or cervicapra): female destitute of horns, those of the male spiral, wrinkled at the base, annulated in the middle and smooth at the tip; adult males dark above, white beneath, the nose, lips, and a circle round each eye white; brushes of hair on the knees; females and young males under three years old tawny above, white beneath, with a light silvery band along the sides.
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Saskatoon
a city of Canada, the capital of Saskatoon District, on the South Saskatchewan river and on the Canadian Pacific, Canadian Northern, and Grand Trunk Pacific railways. It is a port of entry and the wholesale distributing, commercial, financial and educational center for central and western Saskatchewan. Its institutions include the University of Saskatchewan, an agricultural college and experimental farm, and a normal school. Its industries include planing mills, iron foundries, cold storage plants, etc. It has a custom house, two hospitals, a court house, and an opera house. Pop. Pop. about 30,000.
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Sassafras Oil
an oil obtained from root-bark of Lauras sassafras. It has the odor of fennel, a slight yellow color and an acrid taste, sp. gr. 1.09, and is a mixture of at least two substances, a liquid oil and a solid camphor (C10H1002).
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Sassanide
a Persian dynasty of kings, which succeeded the Parthian dynasty of the Arsacidæ, and reigned from A. D. 226 until to about A. D. 652. The dynasty began with Ardishir Babigan, and owes its name to the grandfather of that prince, named Sassan.
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Sassari
a city of Sardinia, ranking next after the capital, Cagliari; 12 miles from the Gulf of Asinara, where its port, Porto Torres, is situated, and 162 miles N. by W. of Cagliari. A prosperous-looking town, with both old and new houses, embosomed in orange and olive groves, it has a cathedral (1531), an old castle (1327-1331), a university (1677, reopened in 1766) with about 120 students, a museum of Roman antiquities, a natural history collection, and a library (1556) of over 25,000 volumes, and is the seat of an archbishop and of several of the old Sardinian nobles. There is a busy trade in grain, olive oil, cheese, and hides. Pop. about 43,000.
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Sassoon
SIR PHILIP (Albert Gustave David), a British public official. He was born in 1888, and after leaving school entered the British army, becoming lieutenant in the Royal East Kent Yeomanry. In 1912 he was elected to represent the Hythe Division of Kent as a Unionist in the House of Commons and has held the seat since that time. During the war he acted as private secretary to Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, Commander-in- Chief of the British Armies in France. He is a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor and Officer of the Order of the Crown of Belgium. SATAN. See DEVIL.
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Sat B'Hai
A Hindu society, the object of which was the study and development of Indian philosophy. It was so called after the bird Malacocersis Grisis, which always flies by sevens. It was introduced into England about the year 1872 by Major J. H. Lawrence Archer. It had seven descending degrees, each of seven disciples, and seven ascending degrees of perfection, Ekata or Unity. It ceased to be necessary on the establishment of the Theosophical Society.
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Sateen
sat-ten', a fine, soft, twilled cotton fabric of glossy surface. Sateen is used for women's waists and dresses, men's shirts, for underwear and linings, in the manufacture of corsets, and for many other purposes. It is bleached pure white, or dyed in black or plain colors, and printed in a variety of designs.
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Satin Wood
an ornamental cabinet-wood from the West and East Indies. The former is the better kind, and is chiefly derived from Ferolia guianesis. That from the East Indies is less white, and is produced by Chloroxylon swietenia, which also yields wood oil.
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Satinet
a light kind of satin; also a glossy cloth made of a cotton warp and woolen filling, to imitate satin.
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Satire
keenness and severity of remark; sarcasm; trenchant wit; biting ridicule; incisive humor; pungent irony; denunciation and exposure to derision or reprobation. In literature, the representation of follies or vices in a ridiculous form, either in discourse or dramatic action. The Romans were the first to distinguish themselves in this species of literature. Horace is the great master in this art, whose humorous and playful raillery of the follies and foibles of mankind are ever fresh and ever true. Juvenal is much more serious and declamatory. He has more strength and fire, and more elevation of style than Horace, but is at the same time greatly inferior to him in gracefulness and ease. Persius is a nervous and lively writer, but has more of the fire and force of Juvenal than of the politeness of Horace. Though the name satire usually is confined to poetical compositions, prose works of a satirical character are frequently included under the same head. Among the French may be mentioned_Rabelais, Montaigne, and Voltaire; in England, Pope, Swift, Fielding, Byron, Thackeray, Carlyle, Samuel Butler, and Shaw; and in the United States, Irving, Holmes, Mark Twain, Dunne ("Mr. Dooley"), etc.
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