Sackville-West
SIR LIONEL SACKVILLE, an English diplomatist; born July 19, 1827; was British minister to the United States in 1881-1888. He received his passports in the latter year from President Cleveland for having written a letter during the presidential campaign in which he advised a vote for the Democratic ticket as conducing to British interests, in answer to a correspondent who represented himself to be a naturalized English citizen desiring political advice. He died Sept. 3, 1908.
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Saco
a river in the United States. It rises in New Hampshire, in the White Mountains, and runs S. E. into the Atlantic below Saco, Me. It is 160 miles long, and has falls of 72 feet at Hiram, of 42 feet at Saco, and numerous minor. ones.
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Saco
a city in York co., Me.; on the Saco river, and on the Boston and Maine railroad; 4 miles from the ocean; and 14 miles W. S. W. of Portland. It is connected with Biddeford on the W. side of the river by bridges. Here are York institute, Thornton Academy, Dyer Library, Wardwell Home for Old Ladies, street railroads, electric lights, and National and savings banks. The city has manufactories of harness, belting, brushes, boots and shoes, lumber, cotton goods, cotton machinery, etc. Pop. (1910) 5,583; (1920) 6,817.
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Sacra Via
An important street in Rome, where a treaty of peace was made between Romulus and Tatius. Sais (Sa-el-Hajjar, Ru.). A great city of Egypt. It was the ancient capital of Lower Egypt, and contained the palace and burial place of the Pharaohs, as well as the tomb of Osiris .
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Sacrament
in theology, a solemn ceremony, enjoined by authority. In the Roman Catholic and the Greek churches, there are seven sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the eucharist, penance, extreme unction, holy orders, and matrimony. In Protestant churches there are two sacraments, baptism and the Lord's supper. The Friends or Quakers reject all sacraments.
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Sacramental
in Roman theology, a name given to rites which bear some outward resemblance to the sacraments, but which are not of divine institution. They are: the prayers of the Church, especially the Lord's prayer; holy water, blessed ashes, palms and candles, blessed bread; the general confession in the mass and office; alms-giving, and the blessing of bishops and abbots. The prayers, however, must be offered in a consecrated place, and the alms given in the name of . See SACRAMENT. the Church
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Sacramento
the capital city of California. It is situated on the Sacramento River, ninety miles northeast of San Francisco . The city is well laid out and well built. The residence portions are shaded by a forest of planted trees. The state capital was established at Sacramento in 1854. The capitol building is an imposing structure erected at a cost of $2,500,000. It is situated in a park of thirty acres. The town grew up about Sutter's Fort. The first house was built in 1849. During the days of the gold excitement, Sacramento was the outfitting center. Steamers arrived daily from San Francisco. Stage lines maintained communication with the various mining camps. Later the Southern Pacific and the Central Pacific railroads met here. Sacramento has manufacturing interests, including mills, foundries, machine shops, breweries, and manufactures of saddles, harness, carriages, furniture, crackers, and soap. Flour is exported to China and Japan. The population in 1909 was 35,000. See California ; San Francisco
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Sacramento
a river of the United States, in California. It rises in Lassen co., flows W. then S. and drains the central valley of California from the N. Its course is about 500 miles, 320 of which are navigable for small vessels. It discharges its waters into the Suisun Bay on the line between Contra Costa and Solono counties.
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Sacred Heart (LEAGUE OF THE or Apostleship)
LEAGUE OF THE, or Apostleship of Prayer in League With the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a confraternity of the Catholic faithful, founded at Vals, in France, 1844, by Father Gautrelet, S. J., with the intention of promoting an apostolic spirit among the young Jesuit students located there. The association, with its motto "Thy Kingdom Come," attracted the pious and soon spread throughout the Catholic world. Father Ramière, S. J., added to the progress of the confraternity by the establishment of the "Messenger of the Sacred Heart of Jesus," which became, in various lan- Names of guages, the monthly organ. members are kept on record and number over 25,000,000 while local centers are around 63,000. There are over 5,000,000 members in the United States.
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Sacred Heart (Roman Church the physical)
in the Roman Church, the physical heart of Christ, considered, not as mere flesh, but as united to the divinity. It is the object of a special devotion, founded in the_latter part of the 17th century by a French nun of the Order of the Visitation, Sister Margaret Mary Alacoque (beatified in 1864), and first preached in England by Father de la Colombière, S. J., chaplain to Mary of Modena, queen of James II. The feast of the Sacred Heart is celebrated on the Friday (in England on the Sunday) after the octave of Corpus Christi.
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Sacred War
a war about sacred places or about religion. Four sacred wars were waged in Greece (595-338 B. c.) chiefly for the defense of the temple of Delphi and the sacred territory surrounding it. A Mohammedan war for the faith is called a Jihad. The Crusades and the wars of the Reformation were sacred wars. The quarrel which led to the Crimean War was at first a dispute between Russia and France about sacred spots at Jerusalem.
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Sacrilege
in a general sense, the violation or profaning of sacred things; more strictly the alienating to laymen, or common purposes, what was given to religious persons and pious uses. Church robbery, or the taking things out of a holy place is sacrilege, and by the common law was punished with more severity than other thefts, but it is now put by statute on the same footing with burglary or housebreaking.
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Sacristan
the same as sexton which is a corrupted form of the same , word; an officer in a church whose duty it is to take care of the church, the sacred vestments, utensils, etc.
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