Sackville-West
SIR LIONEL SACKVILLE, an English diplomatist; born July 19, 1827; was British minister to the United States in 1881-1888. He received his passports in the latter year from President Cleveland for having written a letter during the presidential campaign in which he advised a vote for the Democratic ticket as conducing to British interests, in answer to a correspondent who represented himself to be a naturalized English citizen desiring political advice. He died Sept. 3, 1908.
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Saco
a city in York co., Me.; on the Saco river, and on the Boston and Maine railroad; 4 miles from the ocean; and 14 miles W. S. W. of Portland. It is connected with Biddeford on the W. side of the river by bridges. Here are York institute, Thornton Academy, Dyer Library, Wardwell Home for Old Ladies, street railroads, electric lights, and National and savings banks. The city has manufactories of harness, belting, brushes, boots and shoes, lumber, cotton goods, cotton machinery, etc. Pop. (1910) 5,583; (1920) 6,817.
a river in the United States. It rises in New Hampshire, in the White Mountains, and runs S. E. into the Atlantic below Saco, Me. It is 160 miles long, and has falls of 72 feet at Hiram, of 42 feet at Saco, and numerous minor. ones.
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Sacra Via
An important street in Rome, where a treaty of peace was made between Romulus and Tatius. Sais (Sa-el-Hajjar, Ru.). A great city of Egypt. It was the ancient capital of Lower Egypt, and contained the palace and burial place of the Pharaohs, as well as the tomb of Osiris .
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Sacrament
in theology, a solemn ceremony, enjoined by authority. In the Roman Catholic and the Greek churches, there are seven sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the eucharist, penance, extreme unction, holy orders, and matrimony. In Protestant churches there are two sacraments, baptism and the Lord's supper. The Friends or Quakers reject all sacraments.
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Sacramental
in Roman theology, a name given to rites which bear some outward resemblance to the sacraments, but which are not of divine institution. They are: the prayers of the Church, especially the Lord's prayer; holy water, blessed ashes, palms and candles, blessed bread; the general confession in the mass and office; alms-giving, and the blessing of bishops and abbots. The prayers, however, must be offered in a consecrated place, and the alms given in the name of . See SACRAMENT. the Church
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Sacred Heart
LEAGUE OF THE, or Apostleship of Prayer in League With the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a confraternity of the Catholic faithful, founded at Vals, in France, 1844, by Father Gautrelet, S. J., with the intention of promoting an apostolic spirit among the young Jesuit students located there. The association, with its motto "Thy Kingdom Come," attracted the pious and soon spread throughout the Catholic world. Father Ramière, S. J., added to the progress of the confraternity by the establishment of the "Messenger of the Sacred Heart of Jesus," which became, in various lan- Names of guages, the monthly organ. members are kept on record and number over 25,000,000 while local centers are around 63,000. There are over 5,000,000 members in the United States.
in the Roman Church, the physical heart of Christ, considered, not as mere flesh, but as united to the divinity. It is the object of a special devotion, founded in the_latter part of the 17th century by a French nun of the Order of the Visitation, Sister Margaret Mary Alacoque (beatified in 1864), and first preached in England by Father de la Colombière, S. J., chaplain to Mary of Modena, queen of James II. The feast of the Sacred Heart is celebrated on the Friday (in England on the Sunday) after the octave of Corpus Christi.
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Sacred War
a war about sacred places or about religion. Four sacred wars were waged in Greece (595-338 B. c.) chiefly for the defense of the temple of Delphi and the sacred territory surrounding it. A Mohammedan war for the faith is called a Jihad. The Crusades and the wars of the Reformation were sacred wars. The quarrel which led to the Crimean War was at first a dispute between Russia and France about sacred spots at Jerusalem.
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Sacrilege
in a general sense, the violation or profaning of sacred things; more strictly the alienating to laymen, or common purposes, what was given to religious persons and pious uses. Church robbery, or the taking things out of a holy place is sacrilege, and by the common law was punished with more severity than other thefts, but it is now put by statute on the same footing with burglary or housebreaking.
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Sacristan
the same as sexton which is a corrupted form of the same , word; an officer in a church whose duty it is to take care of the church, the sacred vestments, utensils, etc.
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Sacristy
the apartment in or connected with a church intended for the keeping of the sacred vestments and utensils while not in use, and in which also the clergy and others who take part in religious ceremonies array themselves for service.
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Sacrum
in anatomy, the bony structure which forms the basis or inferior extremity of the vertebral column.
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Saddle
a kind of seat for a horse's back, contrived for the safety and comfort of the rider. The modern riding saddle consists of the tree, generally of beech, the seat, the skirts, and the flaps, of tanned pig's-skin. Among the varieties are racing saddles, military saddles, hunting saddles, and side saddles for ladies. The name saddle is also given to a part of the harness of an animal yoked to a vehicle, being generally a padded structure by means of which the shafts are directly or indirectly supported.
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Saddleback
a mountain in Cumberland, England, 5 miles N. E. of Keswick; height, 2,847 feet.
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Saddleback Mountain
a mountain in Franklin co., Me.; reaches a height of 4,000 feet.
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Sadi
or SAADI, the most celebrated didactic poet of Persia; born in Shiraz, Persia, about the end of the 12th century. In his youth he visited Hindustan, Syria, Palestine, Abyssinia, and made several pilgrimages to Mecca and Medina. While in Syria he was taken by the Crusaders, and forced to labor on the fortifications of Tripoli. After about 50 years of wandering he returned to his native city. The best of his works are: "Gulistan" (Garden of Roses), a moral work, comprising stories, anecdotes, and observations and reflections in prose and verse; and "Bostan" (the Orchard), of much the same character. He died about the end of the 13th century. SADOWA. See KÖNIGGRÄTZ.
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