Savanna
a city of Illinois, in Carroll co. It is on the Mississippi river and on the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul and the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy railroads. Its industries include storage elevators and a sash and door factory. Pop. (1910) 3,691; (1920) 5,237.
or SAVANNAH, an extensive open plain or meadow in a tropical region, yielding pasturage in the wet season, and often having a growth of undershrubs. The word is used chiefly in tropical America.
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Save
or SAU (sow), a river of Jugoslavia. It rises in the Julian Alps; flows S. E. through Carniola, separates Carniola from Styria, flows through Croatia, and after a course of about 540 miles joins the Danube at Belgrade. It is in great part navigable. SAVINGS BANKS. Savings banks in the United States are classified as commercial and government or postal. There are two kinds of commercial savings banks, mutual and stock. The former are found chiefly in the eastern part of the country, while the latter are most numerous in the West and South. There were on June 30, 1919, 622 mutual and 1,097 stock savings banks. This does not include the savings departments of national banks and trust companies. The 622 mutual savings banks have total resources amounting to $5,171,551,000. This total includes loans and discounts amounting to $2,335,996,000 and investments in bonds and securities amounting to $2,491,607,- 000. The surplus funds amount to $333,- 420,000 and the undivided profits to $65,- 013,000. The individual deposits amount to $4,751,113,000. The aggregate resources of the 1,097 stock savings banks was $1,281,254,000. The loans and discounts amount to $777,941,000, the capital stock to $62,740,000, $62,740,000, the surplus and undivided p profits to $47,741,000, and the individual deposits to $1,151,464,000. School savings banks were established in the United States in 1885.
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Savu
SAVOU, or SAVOE, an island of the Malay Archipelago S. W. of Timor; area, 231 square miles. It yields millet, maize, sugar cane, cotton, tobacco, etc., and its Malayan inhabitants are subject to the Dutch government of Timor. Pop. about 26,000, principally Malays.
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Saw-Bill
a family of birds, Trinitiaæ, order Insessores, comprising birds with the bill as long as the head, gently decurved near the tip, but not hooked, and the cutting edges dentated; the tarsi rather long, feet large, the middle and outer toes connected for more than half their length. This family is represented in North America by Monotus cæruliceps, the saw-bill of Mexico.
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Sawdust
the accumulated particles caused by sawing wood, stone, etc. Besides the more common uses of sawdust, it is commercially valuable as the basis of various manufactures. Oxalic acid is manufactured on a large scale from wood sawdust. Sawdust is also used in the "carbonating" stage of the process for the manufacture of soda ash. The substance called bois-durci (hardened wood), of which beautiful ebony-like medallions and other ornaments are made, consists of the fine sawdust of rosewood, ebony, and other woods formed into a paste and 264. pressed into molds or dies. The sawdust of mahogany and rosewood is used in dressing furs, and the small fragments of some woods, such as the pencil cedar, made by saw cuts or the turning tool, yield perfumes. Sawdust sinks in water though the wood from which it is cut floats.
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Sawfish
a popular name for any species of the genus Pristis, from the sawlike weapon into which the snout is produced. They are common in tropical and less so in subtropical seas, and attain a SAWFISH considerable size, specimens with a saw six feet long and a foot broad at the base being far from rare. Their offensive weapon renders them dangerous to almost all other large inhabitants of the ocean. The sawfish use their rostral weapon in tearing off pieces of flesh from their prey or in ripping open the abdomen, when they seize and devour the detached portions or the protruding soft parts.
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Sawflies
a group of insects belonging to the order Hymenoptera and distinguished by the peculiar conformation of the ovipositor of the females, which is composed of two broad plates, with serrated or toothed edges, by means of which they incise the stems and leaves of plants, and deposit their eggs in the slits thus formed. The turnip fly, Athalia centifoliæ, and the gooseberry fly, Nematus grossulariæ, are examples.
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Sawfly
an insect related to the bee, the ant, and the wasp, but more closely to the ichneumon fly . Instead of a boring, drill-like ovipositor like that of the ichneumon fly, the sawfly has a pair of notched blades with which it saws a notch in the edge of a green leaf or stem in which to place its eggs. There are many kinds of sawflies. Three of the more common deposit their eggs in the leaves of the rose, the pear tree, and the currant. When partially developed the larvae frequently spin webs within which they shelter themselves. The saw-flies themselves do little damage, but their larvae are a pest in the flower and vegetable garden.
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Saxe Holm Stories
a series of tales published in 1874 and in 1878 in Scribner's Monthly. They appeared under the pseudonym of Saxe Holm, and, although the authorship has never been acknowledged, it is believed commonly that they were written by Helen Hunt Jackson.
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Saxe, John Godfrey
John Godfrey (1816-1887), an American poet. He was a native of Vermont and was educated at Middlebury College. He studied law and in 1856 was made attorney-general of Vermont. He edited the Sentinel at Burlington, Vermont, and later the Evening Journal at Albany. He was well known as a lecturer and as a writer of humorous verse, much of which was published in current periodicals. His published books include Humorous and Satirical Poems, Fables and Legends of Many Countries, The Masquerade and Other Poems, and The Money King and Other Poems.
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Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
formerly a Duchy, but since 1919 a part of Thuringia, a state of the German Republic, comprising the province of Gotha, lying between Prussia, Schwarzburg, Meiningen, and Weimar; and the province of Coburg, lying between Meiningen and Bavaria; Coburg 218 square miles, and Gotha 548 square miles. The S. of Gotha and the N. of Coburg are both mountainous. Both divisions are fertile; the hills are covered with wood, and in Gotha coal and other minerals are found. Prior to the World War, the chief occupations of distinguished part. He captured Prague, the inhabitants, particularly in Coburg, were cattle rearing and agriculture. In Gotha there were manufactures of linen, leather, metal-wares, etc. The population profess the Lutheran faith. The Prince Consort of England, husband of Queen Victoria, was the younger brother of Duke Ernest II., and Prince Alfred of Great Britain, Duke of Edinburgh succeeded his uncle in 1893, dying in 1900, without a son. He was succeeded by the Duke of Albany, nephew of King Edward VII of England. He was forced to abdicate in 1918 as the result of the German revolution. Gotha joined the Republic of Thuringia, Coburg that of Bavaria. Pop. of Gotha (1919) 433,959; of Coburg, 74,344.
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