Saxe-Meiningen
under the Empire a Duchy but now part of Thuringia, ing of a main body and several minor a state of the German Republic, consistisolated portions; area, 953 square miles. The greater part of the surface is hilly, and the principal crops are oats, buckwheat, potatoes, turnips, hemp, and the pastures rear considerable numbers of cattle, sheep, and horses. The minerals include iron and copper, worked to a small extent, and the manufactures are chiefly ironware, porcelain, glass, etc. The government under the empire was hereditary and constitutional with a representative chamber of 24 members. The capital is Meiningen. Pop. (1919) 191,491. SAXE - WEIMAR, or MAR-EISENACH, under the Empire a SAXE-WEI- Grand-Duchy, since 1919 part of Thuringia, a state of the German Republic. Area, 1,397 square miles. The forests are very extensive, and cipal wealth of the grand-duchy. The form the prinminerals are unimportant. In Eisenach woolen, cotton, and linen tissues, ribbons, and carpets, etc., are made. The chief town is Weimar, and there is a university at Jena. Pop. (1919) 270,015.
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Saxhorn
a brass wind invented by Adolph Sax, constructed in instrument, such a manner that the large portion, after passing under the arm of the per- , repasses over his shoulder, preconting former senting the bell to the front. The advantage of this shape is that it avoids the elbows, which would otherwise impair the progress of the sound. Saxhorns have great powers, more especially the contra bassos in E and B flat; the latter of which has 48 feet of development in its tube.
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Saxifraga
in botany, saxifrage, the typical genus of Saxifragaceæ. Perennial plants, rarely herbs, with white or yellow, or rarely red or purple, cymose inflorescence. Known species, 160. SAXIFRAGACEÆ Not found in Australia, South Africa, or the South Sea Islands; distributed in most other regions. or SAXIFRA- SAXIFRAGACEÆ, in botany, Baxi GEÆ, in botany, saxifrages; the typical order of the alliance Saxifragales, herbs often growing in patches. Known genera 19, species 310. (Lindley.) Genera 19, species 250, including the Ribesieæ. (Sir Joseph Hooker.) Most of the species are from the North Temperate and Arctic zones.
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Saxifrage
saks'i-fraj, a family of plants, in systematic botany placed usually next to the rose family. Its members are widely distributed throughout temperate latitudes. It includes currants, gooseberries, bishop's cap, grass of Parnassus, hydrangeas, and other well known plants.
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Saxon Switzerland
a name given to part of Saxony, on the Elbe, S. E. of Dresden and bordering on Bohemia. It consists of a group of mountains of sandstone, with valleys and streams of the most picturesque character, in which isolated masses of sandstone, large and small, occur in very fantastic shapes. It is about 24 miles long and equally wide.
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Saxones
A powerful people in Germany, who originally dwelt in the southern part of the Cimbric Chersonesus, between the rivers Albis (Elbe) and Chalusus (Trave). Scaevola, Mutius (surnamed Cordus). He was famous for his courage, and attempted to assassinate Porsenna, but was seized; to show his fortitude when confronted with Porsenna, he thrust his hand into the fire, on which the king pardoned him. Scandia or Scandinavia. The name given by the ancients to Norway, Sweden, and the surrounding islands. Scapte Hyle or Scaptesyle. A small town on the coast of Thrace, opposite the island of Thasos. It was celebrated for its gold mines. Thucydides here arranged the materials for his history.
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Saxophone
the name of a family of musical instruments invented by A. Sax (see SAXHORN). They consist of a conical brass tube, sounded by a mouthpiece furnished with a single reed similar to that of the clarinet, and are made in as many different keys as the saxhorn. The contralto and baritone are mostly used in Great Britain; but in France all the varieties are more or less used. They have 20 holes covered by keys and studs for the first three fingers of each hand, and are all fingered alike. They are greatly valued in military music, but are not much used in the orchestra.
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Sayce
ARCHIBALD HENRY, an English Orientalist; born near Bristol, England, Sept. 25, 1846. His works extend over various fields and are of great importance for comparative philology and history. They include: "Assyrian Grammar for Comparative Purposes" (1872); "Lectures on the Assyrian Language" (1877); "Babylonian Literature" (1877); "Ancient Empires of the East" (1884); "Assyria" (1885); "The Hittites" (1889); "Records of the Past" (new series, 1889-1892); "Life and Times of Isaiah" (1889); "The Races of the Old Testament" (1891); "Social Life among the Assyrians and Babylonians" (1891); "The Higher Criticism and the Verdict of the Monuments" (1894); "The Egypt of the Hebrews and Herodotus" (1895); "Patriarchal Palestine" (1895); "Early History of the Hebrews" (1897); "Israel and the Surrounding Nations" (1898); "Babylonians and Assyrians" (1900); etc. Special mention should be made of his "Principles of Comparative Philology" and "Introduction to the Science of Language," which have passed through many editions.
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Sayre
LUCIUS ELMER, an American educator, born at Bridgeton, N. J., in 1847. He studied at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, and was in business as a manufacturing chemist, from 1882 to 1885. From 1880 to 1885 he was an instructor in the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, and from 1885 was dean of the School of Pharmacy at the University of Kansas. He was a member of the Revision Commission of the United States Pharmacopeia from 1890, and from 1907 was director of drug analysis for the State Board of Health of Kansas. He wrote "Organic Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy"; "Essentials of Pharmacy," and contributed articles on pharmaceutical subjects to magazines.
THEODORE BURT, an American author and playwright, born in New York in 1874. He was educated in private schools in New York and the New York College of Pharmacy. From 1899 to 1914 he was a reader of plays and a critic for Charles Frohman. His published novels include "Two Summer Girls and I" (1898); "Tom Moore" (1902). Among his numerous plays are "Tom Moore" (1901); "O'Neill of Derry" (1907); "The Commanding Officer" (1910); "Love's Young Dream" (1912); "The Irish Dragoon" (1915); "The Irish Fifteenth" (1916); "Lucky O'Shea" (1917).
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