Scarlet
a color, brighter than crimson. The finest scarlet dye is obtained from cochineal.
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Single-source entries: S (35)
Each of these 12 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
Scarlet Bean
or SCARLET RUN- NER, a twining plant, the Phaseolus multiflorus, a native of Mexico, cultivated as a green vegetable or as an ornamental plant.
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Scarlet Fish
a name given to the telescope carp, from its brilliant red color.
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Scarlet Letter, The
The, a novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne, published in 1850. The scene is laid in Boston about the middle of the seventeenth century, and depicts with marvelous intensity the effects of sin and of the punishment of sin upon two wholly different natures. The story made its author, then forty-five years of age, famous. It is unquestionably the most powerful of Hawthorne's works, and as a piece of imaginative prose is unequaled.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
Scarlet Tanager
in ornithology, the Pyranga rubra, a summer visitant to the United States, retiring S. in winter. The popular name is derived from the prevailing hue of the summer plumage of the male.
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Scarr
JAMES HENRY, an American in 1867. From 1887 to 1889 he was a meteorologist, born in Ionia co., Mich., student at the State Normal School at Emporia, Kan. For a time he studied law, and from 1889 to 1895 was engaged in teaching in the public schools. He was bar 1892 and practiced law until 1898, when he entered the admitted to the in employment of the United States Weather Bureau. He was local forecaster at Sacramento, Cal., from 1901 to 1908; at Tampa, Fla., in 1908-9; and in New York City since 1909.
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Scene
in the drama, a subdivision of an act. The scene is that portion of the action which passes without change of time or place. It will be seen that no rule can be laid down for the number of scenes in any act. Usually, not more than three or four, however, are presented. A division into scenes does not necessitate change of place or time. If an important change of characters occurs, it is often deemed sufficient cause for a new scene. See Drama ; Tragedy ; Comedy ; Act
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Schaff
PHILIP, an American clergyman; born in Chur, Switzerland, Jan. 1, 1819. He studied at Tübingen, Halle, and Berlin; lectured in the latter university in 1842-1844, and then went to America, where ere he was professor sor in the theological seminary of the German Reformed Church at Mercersburg, Pa. (1844-1863). In 1864-1869 he was lecturer in several theological institutions, and after 1870 was Professor of Sacred Literature in Union Theological Seminary, New York. He was a prolific writer, his works including: "History of the Apostolic Church"; "Life and Labors of St. Augustine"; "Through Bible Lands"; "History of the Christian Church "; " Creeds of Christendom "; "Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge" (Schaff-Herzog), etc. He was president of the American Committee on Bible Revision in 1871. He died in New York City, Oct. 20, 1893.
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Scharnhorst
GERHARD JO- sten. Occurs as a pale-colored, stony HANN DAVID VÓN, a Prussian military officer; born in Bordenau, Hanover, Nov. 12, 1755. He entered the army of Hanover, and took part in the campaigns in Flanders of the years 1793-1795. In 1801 he transferred his services to Prussia and was appointed director of the training school for Prussian officers. Five years later he was wounded at Auerstädt and taken prisoner at Lübeck, but released in time to be present at the battle of Eylau. In 1807 he began be the great work of his life; he was put at the head of the commission for reorganizing the armies of Prussia. He reformed the army, introduced the short service (Krümper) system, created a better spirit among both officers and men, and so converted what had been a mercenary force into a national army. It was principally by means of this new weapon that Gerwas able crush Napoleon at Leipsic six years later (1813). Scharn horst was wounded at Grossgorschen while acting as chief of the staff of the Silesian army, and died in Prague, Bohemia, June 28, 1813.
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Schauffler
ROBERT HAVEN, an American writer and musician, born at Brünn, Austria, in 1879, of American parents. He graduated from Princeton in 1902, and took post-graduate studies at the University of Berlin, where he also studied music. He was musical editor of several magazines, and contributed on musical subjects to many periodicals. During the World War he served as regimental intelligence officer for the 313th Infantry, and was severely wounded in the Meuse-Argonne offensive. His published writings include "Where Speech Ends" (1906); "Romantic Germany" (1909); "Scum o' the Earth and Other Poems" (1912) "Romantic America" (1913); "The Joyful Heart" (1915). SCHAUMBURG - LIPPE, a former principality of the German Empire, proclaimed a republic in November, 1918. Area, 131 square miles. In the north it is hilly and well wooded. The principal article of manufacture is linen. In the south agriculture and gardening are the chief industries, while coal is mined in the east. Pop., about 47,000, all of whom, with the exception of some 750 Catholics and some 250 Jews, are Protestant. The capital is Bückeburg (pop. about 6,000). Previous to November, 1918, the country was ruled by a cadet branch of the Lippe family. The state became a principality in 1807, joined the North German Confederation in 1866, and became a part of the German Empire in 1871.
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Scheelite
native calcium tungstate, CaWO4, an important ore of tunglooking mineral. Owing to its unusual heaviness it was given the name tungsten by the Swedes, meaning "heavy stone." The name was later used to describe the metal when it was discovered in 1781 by K. W. Scheele, while the ore itself was given the name scheelerz or scheelite.
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Scheff
FRITZI, an Austro-American prima donna, born in Vienna, Austria, in 1882. She received her musical education at Frankfort, Germany, and appeared on the operatic stage for the first time at the Munich Opera House, first apin 1900. In 1902 she made her her pearance at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York, remaining ng a member of its company under the management of Maurice Grau, from 1900 to 1903. In the latter year she appeared in New York for the first time in a musical comedy, to which work she devoted herself until 1913. From 1913 to 1918 she appeared principally in vaudeville, returning in the latter year to the musical opera stage in "Glorianna." She was married three times; first to Baron von Bardeleben of the German army, second to John Fox, Jr. (q. v.), and third to George Anderson, an actor.
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