Scheldt
skelt, a river of western Europe. It rises in northeastern France and flows through Belgium and the Netherlands into the North Sea . Its mouth is directly opposite that of the Thames. At Ghent it is navigable for boats of considerable size. By the time it reaches Antwerp, it is 45 feet deep and 1,600 feet wide. It here forms a capacious harbor. In his Traveler, Goldsmith speaks of the river as the "lazy Scheldt," an epithet applied fittingly, for the river crawls slowly to the sea through a fertile region of gardens and meadows intersected by canals.
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Schellenberg
a village 9 miles S. of Salzburg, Austria; was the scene of the first engagement in the War of the Spanish Succession in which the English took part. Marlborough's army of 40,000 men drove a Bavarian corps of 12,000 from the fortified heights above the vil lage, after a short, fierce fight, on July 4, 1704.
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Schelling
FRIEDRICH WIL- HELM JOSEPH VON, a German philosopher; born in Leonberg, Württemberg, Jan. 27, 1775. He studied first at Tübinwhere he and Hegel became intito Leipsic mate friends, thence he went and Jena. At Jena he studied under Fichte, whom he succeeded in the chair of philosophy at that university in 1798. In 1803 he was transferred to Wurzburg; and in 1807 to Munich, where he remained till 1841, when he accepted a chair at Berlin. This chair he soon relinquished, and the last years of his life were spent in comparative seclusion. Schelling's place in the great series of Germ German ph philosophers is determined to be between Fichte and Hegel. His metaphysical theory is generally known by the name of the "System of Identity." He died in Ragatz, Switzerland, Aug. 20, 1854.
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Schelling, Friedrich
shel'ing, Friedrich (1775-1854), a German philosopher. He was a native of Wurtemberg. He studies at the universities of Tubingen, Leipsic, and Jena. At the latter he came under the influence of Fichte. He held university positions at Erlangen, Vurzburg, Munich, and Berlin. In the development of German philosophy he follows Fichte and precedes Hegel. The kernel of his thought is difficult to state. He taught that the mere mind or intellect of man recognizes two divisions of the universe. They are matter and mind,--the objective and the subjective, the real and the ideal, being and thought, body and soul, the finite and the infinite. "In fact, however," says Schelling, "the two are one. God and Nature are the same."
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Schenectady
a city and countyseat of Schenectady co., N. Y., on the State Barge canal, the Mohawk river, and the New York Central and Hudson River, and the Delaware and Hudson railroads; 17 miles W. of Albany. Here 1 are UNION COLLEGE (q. v.), Home for the Friendless, Children's Home, public library, Ellis Hospital, court house, State armory, city hall, waterworks, street railroad and electric light plants, numerous churches, National, State, and savings banks, and a number of daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. city has manufactories of agricultural implements and machinery, copper and sheet iron, shawls, knit goods, underwear, stoves, steel springs, varnish, sashes, doors, and blinds, electrical apparatus, fire engines, , brushes locomotives and brooms, flour, etc., property valuation exceeding $142,000,- Schenectady is one of the oldest cities in New York State. It was settled in 1661; was burned and nearly all the inhabitants massacred by the French and Indians in 1690; and was the scene of a second massacre in 1748. It received a city charter in 1798. Pop. (1910) 72,- 826; (1920) 88,723.
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Scheveningen
a -place of watering Holland, on the 'W. coast, 1 mile N. W. of The Hague, with which it is connected by two roads; one, the "Oude Weg" ("Old Road") of the 17th century, bordered by fine trees. Both this and the New Road are traversed by tramways. The town is visited during the season by over 20,000 persons; its beach is one of the finest on the North Sea. In 1570 the W. part of the town was engulfed by an inundation. A naval battle, between the Dutch, under Van Tromp (who was killed in the engagement), and the allied fleets of France and England , was fought off Scheveningen in 1653. Pop. about 22,000.
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Schiaparelli
GIOVANNI VIRGINIO, VIRGINIO, an Italian astronomer; born in Savigliano, Italy, March 14, 1835; educated at the University of Turin and the observatories of Berlin and Pulkowa. In 1860 he became astronomer at the Milan observatory, and in 1862 its director . He discovered the planet Hesperia in 1861. He was one of the first to discover the connection between comets and meteor streams, and is the discoverer of the double canals bearing his name on Mars. Among his works are: "The Relation Between Comets and Falling Stars" (1871); "The Precursors of Copernicus in Antiquity" (1873); " Observations on the Movement of Rotation and the Top Topography of the Planet Mars" ( 1878-1899). He died July 4, 1910.
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Schiedam
a town of South Holland, Netherlands, on the Schie river. Along the site of the walls stand corn and malt mills. The chief edifices and institutions are the town hall, the exchange (the finest building in the town), the Doelen, or gathering place, the Musis Sacrum, a concert hall, the churches, Latin, drawing, commercial, and other schools, chools, a public library, numerous hospitals and other benevolent institutions. The industries include the manufacture of white lead and litharge, linen weaving, flax spinning, copper and iron castings. It is noted for its production of gin and other liquors. Schiedam has a considerable commerce in grain and coals. Pop. (1918) 38,191.
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Schiff
JACOB HENRY, an American financier and philanthropist, born at Frankfort -on-the-Main, Germany, in 1847. He was educated in the schools of Frankfort-on-the-Main, and in 1865 he moved to the United States, where, after having achieved success in the banking business, he organized the firm of Kuhn. Power" (1916); and "The Nation at Loeb & Co., which became one of the most important financial institutions in the United States and financed many important enterprises, especially the construction of railroads. Mr. Schiff later became a director of many large financial and industrial companies. His work as a philanthropist was done chiefly in connection with Jewish organizations, but JACOB H. SCHIFF he also gave liberally to other causes. He was vice-president and trustee of the Baron de Hirsch Fund, a director of the New York Foundation, of the National Employment Exchange, and a vice-president of the New York Chamber of Commerce. He was the founder of the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York, and of the Semitic Museum at Harvard. He also contributed $100,000 for a Technical College at Hafia, Palestine Palestin . He was tively concerned with the improvement of accivic conditions in New York, and was a leading member of the "Committee of 70," which secured the overthrow of the Tweed Ring. He did much toward the development of Jewish enterprises in Palestine and other countries. He died in 1920.
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