Screw Pine
an East Indian plant belonging, with fifty other species, to a genus called Pandanus. It is not a pine. The common name has reference to a spiral arrangement of the leaves on the stem, somewhat after the manner of a pineapple. The common screw pine of India bears fragrant flowers from which the maker of perfumes derives a richly scented extract known as keora oil. The fruit is orange-shaped and is edible but without flavor. The leaves are made into matting and sacking. The Indian screw pine is planted along canals to prevent the banks from washing away.
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Screw Plate
A plate of hard steel in which are threaded holes of various sizes, for making screw threads.
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Screw Propeller
a spiral blade on a cylindrical axis, called the shaft or spindle, parallel with the keel of vessels, made to revolve by power beneath the surface of the water, usually at the stern, as a means of propulsion. In 1802, Shorter, an English mechanician, produced motion through the water by means of a screw, but his discovery had no practical value, and it was not till 1837 that its practicability was demonstrated by the American inventor, Captain Ericsson, since which time the screw has steadily gained in favor as a means of propulsion for vessels all over the world. In 1860 the first steamer operated by twin-screws was constructed by Messrs. Dudgeon of London, England.
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Screw Tailstock
This attachment is very convenient for heavy drilling, the spindle being moved by a screw with hand wheel attached, as shown in Fig. 301.
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Screw Tap
A tool for producing screw threads in holes.
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Screw-moulding
Cast-iron screws for conveyors and elevators are made in greensand by screwing a section of screw through the entire flask; first bedding the shaft with section attached in the lower flask, making joint halfway and ramming thereon the cope, which, when the pattern has been screwed out endwise, may if necessary be separated for finishing.
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Screws
Odd sized screws, not to be had from the material dealers, may be readily made by means of the screw plate and rose cutter. The rose cutter is quite a valuable adjunct to the lathe, and is fixed to the spindle in the same manner as the chuck, and will be found exceedingly useful for quickly reducing pieces of wires for screws, etc., to a gauge. For screws, the wire should be of a proper size for the screw heads, and a cutter selected with the hole the size of the finished screw. The point of the wire is rounded to enter the hole of the cutter, against which it is forced by the back center of the lathe, the serrated face of the cutter rapidly cutting the superfluous metal, the part intended for the screw passing into the hole in the cutter. Some care is required in rounding the point of the wire, for if not done equally all around, the screw will not be true to the head.
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Scribes
in sacred history, a body of learned men who constituted the jurists and theologians of the Jewish church. It was their duty to compile the law and to teach it. They settled disputes in a judicial sense. In Matthew ii:4; it is related that Herod summoned the chief priests and the scribes of the people and asked them where Christ should be born. The more humble scribes acted as notaries, drawing up contracts and the like.
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Scribner's Monthly. See HOLLAND
JOSIAH GILBERT.
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Scrim
a semi-transparent cotton fabric. It is loosely woven, sometimes plain, sometimes with lace effects. Scrim is finished in white or cream color. It is also dyed and printed with floral or conventional designs. It is used for curtains and draperies, as a foundation for Hardanger embroidery, and for fancy work of several kinds. A variety of linen scrim is used for lining the sleeves of men's coats.
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Scripture
EDWARD WHEELER, an American psychologist; born in Mason, N. H., May 21, 1864; was graduated at the College of the City of New York in 1884; pursued special studies abroad; returned to the United States and was made director of the psychological laboratory of Yale University. He was lecturer at Johns Hopkins in 1906, and lecturer on psychiatry at Columbia in 1909. His investigations resulted in several important discoveries, including a method of producing anæsthesia by electricity, a method of measuring hallucinations and imaginations, and the law of "mediate association of ideas." He also invented a color-sight tester by which color-weak or color-blind persons employed in lamp batteries, marine or railroad service, can be detected. His publications include: "Thinking, Feeling, Doing" (1895); "The New Psychology" (1897); "Introduction to Experimental Phonetics" (1906), etc.
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Scudder, Horace Elisha
Horace Elisha (1838-1902), an American author. He was born in Boston, educated at Williams, and died in Cambridge. He started in life as a teacher and tried business but soon gave himself to writing. He was the author of several juvenile volumes including The Bodley Books, 1875-87. He was a contributor to the Atlantic and edited it 1890-8. He edited the American Commonwealths Series, and wrote, among other volumes, Noah Webster, a Biography, Men and Letters, and James Russell Lowell, a Biography. Mr. Scudder's greatest service to letters, but a service that can never be estimated, was a persistent and an able advocacy of literary wholes, juvenile classics, for school use. To this end he edited the Riverside Literature Series, an extended series of inexpensive volumes for use as school readers. The series includes not only the masterpieces of British and American authors, but Mother Goose and other nursery rhymes.
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