Schenectady
a city and countyseat of Schenectady co., N. Y., on the State Barge canal, the Mohawk river, and the New York Central and Hudson River, and the Delaware and Hudson railroads; 17 miles W. of Albany. Here 1 are UNION COLLEGE (q. v.), Home for the Friendless, Children's Home, public library, Ellis Hospital, court house, State armory, city hall, waterworks, street railroad and electric light plants, numerous churches, National, State, and savings banks, and a number of daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. city has manufactories of agricultural implements and machinery, copper and sheet iron, shawls, knit goods, underwear, stoves, steel springs, varnish, sashes, doors, and blinds, electrical apparatus, fire engines, , brushes locomotives and brooms, flour, etc., property valuation exceeding $142,000,- Schenectady is one of the oldest cities in New York State. It was settled in 1661; was burned and nearly all the inhabitants massacred by the French and Indians in 1690; and was the scene of a second massacre in 1748. It received a city charter in 1798. Pop. (1910) 72,- 826; (1920) 88,723.
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Scheveningen
a -place of watering Holland, on the 'W. coast, 1 mile N. W. of The Hague, with which it is connected by two roads; one, the "Oude Weg" ("Old Road") of the 17th century, bordered by fine trees. Both this and the New Road are traversed by tramways. The town is visited during the season by over 20,000 persons; its beach is one of the finest on the North Sea. In 1570 the W. part of the town was engulfed by an inundation. A naval battle, between the Dutch, under Van Tromp (who was killed in the engagement), and the allied fleets of France and England , was fought off Scheveningen in 1653. Pop. about 22,000.
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Schiaparelli
GIOVANNI VIRGINIO, VIRGINIO, an Italian astronomer; born in Savigliano, Italy, March 14, 1835; educated at the University of Turin and the observatories of Berlin and Pulkowa. In 1860 he became astronomer at the Milan observatory, and in 1862 its director . He discovered the planet Hesperia in 1861. He was one of the first to discover the connection between comets and meteor streams, and is the discoverer of the double canals bearing his name on Mars. Among his works are: "The Relation Between Comets and Falling Stars" (1871); "The Precursors of Copernicus in Antiquity" (1873); " Observations on the Movement of Rotation and the Top Topography of the Planet Mars" ( 1878-1899). He died July 4, 1910.
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Schiedam
a town of South Holland, Netherlands, on the Schie river. Along the site of the walls stand corn and malt mills. The chief edifices and institutions are the town hall, the exchange (the finest building in the town), the Doelen, or gathering place, the Musis Sacrum, a concert hall, the churches, Latin, drawing, commercial, and other schools, chools, a public library, numerous hospitals and other benevolent institutions. The industries include the manufacture of white lead and litharge, linen weaving, flax spinning, copper and iron castings. It is noted for its production of gin and other liquors. Schiedam has a considerable commerce in grain and coals. Pop. (1918) 38,191.
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Schiff
JACOB HENRY, an American financier and philanthropist, born at Frankfort -on-the-Main, Germany, in 1847. He was educated in the schools of Frankfort-on-the-Main, and in 1865 he moved to the United States, where, after having achieved success in the banking business, he organized the firm of Kuhn. Power" (1916); and "The Nation at Loeb & Co., which became one of the most important financial institutions in the United States and financed many important enterprises, especially the construction of railroads. Mr. Schiff later became a director of many large financial and industrial companies. His work as a philanthropist was done chiefly in connection with Jewish organizations, but JACOB H. SCHIFF he also gave liberally to other causes. He was vice-president and trustee of the Baron de Hirsch Fund, a director of the New York Foundation, of the National Employment Exchange, and a vice-president of the New York Chamber of Commerce. He was the founder of the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York, and of the Semitic Museum at Harvard. He also contributed $100,000 for a Technical College at Hafia, Palestine Palestin . He was tively concerned with the improvement of accivic conditions in New York, and was a leading member of the "Committee of 70," which secured the overthrow of the Tweed Ring. He did much toward the development of Jewish enterprises in Palestine and other countries. He died in 1920.
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Schinner
AUGUSTIN FRANCIS, an American Roman Catholic bishop, born in Milwaukee, Wis., in 1863. He was educated at St. Francis Seminary, and was ordained priest in 1886. After serving for one year as a pastor, he was a member of the faculty of St. Francis Seminary from 1887 to 1893. From 1893 to 1905 he was chancellor and vicar general of the archdiocese of Milwaukee. He was consecrated first bishop of Superior, Wis., in 1905, but resigned in 1913, and in the following year was appointed first bishop of Spokane.
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Schlangenbad
a watering-place of Prussia, in Hesse-Nassau, 6 miles W. N. W. of Wiesbaden, among wooded hills. The water has a temperature of from 80° to 88°, and is beneficial in hysteria, neuralgia, rheumatism, gout, paralysis, etc.
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Schlegel
shlagel, August Wilhelm (1767-1845), a German poet and critic. He was born at Hanover and received his education at the University of Gottingen. His first literary work of importance consisted of translations from Dante and Shakespeare, his work in this line causing Shakespeare to be known almost as well in Germany as in England. He translated also the works of Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese poets. In this he was wonderfully successful. Hosmer says that "Shakespeare, Calderon, Petrarch, and Dante speak through Schlegel as they would have spoken had they talked German." In his original poems Schlegel showed some grace and beauty, but he possessed no creative genius and produced nothing great. His Lectures upon Dramatic Art and Literature are a valuable contribution to critical literature.
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Schlegel
AUGUST WILHELM VON (schlā'gel), German author, born in Hanover, Prussia, Sept. 8, 1767. He was Professor of Literature in the University of Bonn. His most notable works in literary and art criticism are: "Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature" (3 vols. 1809-1811), translated into nearly all the languages of western Europe; "On the Theory and History of the Plastic Arts" (1827). In the field of Orientalism he wrote "Reflections on the Study of the Asiatic Languages" (1832), and prepared editions of several Indian classics. He translated many of the plays of Shakespeare Shakespeare and made the English dramatist a German classic. He translated Dante, Calderon, Camoens, and other foreign masters of literature. He wrote sonnets, an elegy, "Rome" (1812), and other poems. He died in Bonn, Germany, May 12, 1845.
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