Shingking
or SHENGKING, Its FENGTIEN area is 56,000, a province square miles of, Manchuria and though smaller than the other provinces of Manchuria, it is the richest and most important. It contains the Shan-a-lin mountains and the rivers Liao, Tayang, and Yalu Kiang. The industries agriculture, cattle-raising, and mining. Tobacco, opium, wheat, millet, cotton, and oil are among the products. acts. There are good roads and two railways. Chief ports: Port Arthur (q. v.), Talienwan, and Newchwang (q. v.). Capital, Mukden. Japanese influence succeeded Russian in the province in 1905. Pop. about 5,500,000.
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Shingles
a popular name for an eruptive skin disease, Herpes zoster, which usually starts from the backbone and goes half round the body, forming a belt of inflamed patches with clustered vesicles. It is sometimes produced by sudden exposure to cold after violent exercise, and sometimes follows acute affections of the respiratory organs. It is a self-limited or cyclical disease, usually. running its course in about a fortnight.
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Shingling
The process of detaching impurities, as cinder, etc., from the blooms of puddled iron by hammering or compressing the ball, and thus preparing it for immediate conversion into bar iron by rolling. See MALLEABLE IRON; ROTARY SQUEEZER.
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Shinney
a game played with sticks and a ball. See Hockey
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Shinto
from a Chinese word, meaning the way of the gods, the religious belief of the people of Japan prior to are the introduction of Buddhism from Korea in A. D. 552. The new belief almost entirely absorbed the old, being, however, itself modified in the process. Shinto possesses no moral code. Motoöri (1730- 1801) maintained that the will of the Mikado was the criterion of right and wrong. Shinto holds the Mikado to be the direct descendant and representative of the Sun goddess; has associated with it a system of hero worship, and attributes spiritual agencies to the powers of nature. Also, a Shintoist.
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Shintoism
. See Japan
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Shiogoon
or TYCOON, the title of the hereditary military ruler of Japan for many centuries till the revolution of 1868, which reinstated the Mikado in power. See JAPAN.
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Ship of the Dead
Akin to the superstitious idea of the deathcoach is the belief that at times a phantom barque carries away the souls of men. In the form of a cloud-ship, or wrapped in a driving mist, it sails over mountains and moors, and at sea it sails in despite of wind and tide. A story is told of a certain pirate, at whose death a spectral ship approached in a cloud. As it sailed over the roof the house was filled with a sound as of a stormy sea, and when the ship had passed by the soul of the pirate accompanied it.
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Shipka Pass
a pass in the Balkans, 47 miles N. E. of Philippopolis, about 4 4,600 feet above the sea, the scene of a desperate and bloody 10 days' struggle during the Russo-Turkish War (1877). In his futile endeavors to take Fort Nicholas at the summit of the pass from the Russians, Suleiman Pasha lost 20,000 of his best men.
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Shipman
LOUIS EVAN, an American author and playwright, born in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1869. He was educated at Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and Harvard University. From 1895 to 1896 he was an editorial writer on "Leslie's Weekly" and from then on contributed frequently to "Life" and "Collier's Weekly," as well as to other magazines. He wrote: "Urban Dialogues" (1896); "A Group of American Theatrical Caricatures" (1898); "D'Arcy of the Guards" (1899); "Predicaments" (1899); "The Curious Courtship of Kate Poins" (1901); "The Quality of Youth" (1904); and "The True Adventures of a Play" (1914). Of his plays, the best known are "D'Arcy of the Guards" (1901); "The Crisis" (with Winston Churchill, 1902); "The Crossing" (with Winston Churchill, 1905); "The Admiral" (1909); (1909); "The Grain of Dust" (1911); and "The Fountain of Youth" (1918). During the World War he served as a member of the New Hampshire State Commission of Public Safety, state director of the "Four-Minute Men," and local food administrator.
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Shipton
MOTHER, a half-mythical English prophetess; born near Knaresborough, Yorkshire, in July, 1488. She was christened Ursula Southill. Tradition has it that she was the child of Agatha Shipton and the devil. Some of her alleged "prophecies" have been handed down to us. She became the wife of a shipbuilder, Tobias Shipton, and died about 1559.
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Shipworm
a boring mollusk that lives in piling and other timber immersed in salt water. See Teredo
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Shiras
GEORGE, JR., an American jurist, born in Pittsburgh, in 1832. He was educated at Yale University, from which institution he received, besides the degrees of A.B. and LL.B., also the honorary degree of LL.D. D. Admitted to the Pennsylvania bar in 1856, he practiced law in Pittsburgh until appointed associate justice of the United States Supreme Court in October, 1892, retiring in February, 1913. In 1888 he served as a presidential elector.
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Shiraz
a city of Persia and capital of the province of Fars; much celebrated in Persian poetry for its climate, its wine and roses, and its beautiful gardens; situated in a broad plain, 115 miles E. N. E. of Bushire and 35 miles S. W. of the ancient Pers Persepolis. It is inclosed by ruined walls, w and and previous to the earthquakes contained many splendid mosques, bazaars, caravansaries, and other public buildings. The wine of Shiraz, which is very strong and resembles Tokay, is, however, still famous throughout the East. Rose water is prepared in large quantities. Inlaid articles in wood and metal, glass, and woolens are made here. The gia city was founded in the 8th century, and from its beautiful situation and charming climate became a favorite resort of the Persian princes. In 1812 a destructive earthquake laid a large portion of it in ruins, and another in 1824, which cost the lives of 4,000 of the inhabitants, completed the wreck of its prosperity. It was, however, rebuilt, and numbered 40,- 000 people, when a third and more terrible visitation, in April, 1853, laid almost the whole town again in ruins, and caused the death of 10,000 people. It has been rebuilt to a considerable extent. The tombs of the poets Hafiz and Sádi, both natives of the town, exist in the vicinity. Pop. about 55,000.
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